(4C

Cowslip. Poly. Plants at base of p. 4.B planted in Orchard, newly turned out of Pots & left in open ground favourable to germin. — Two flower stems, tallest, measured to tips of corolla, May 18th- 1870

[Table excised, not transcribed.]

8) number of flower-stem produced by all the plant on one this side of a pot

gr-gr-grandchild

The extraordinary difference in height & number of [illeg] is not due to the injury from the closeness to the crossed plants; for luckily near by there was a row of the actual parents of these plants, which were likewise all self-fertilised, & they produced hardly very few [2 words illeg] & equally low, — in fact now so high as the sa extra tall one in Pot II. —

9 (over)

[4cv]

It must be remembered that the crossed plants flowers were crossed by pollen from plants growing in differnt part of Garden out of door [words excised] differently exposed [words excised] had been crossed [words excised] several generations [words excised] all of same [words excised] great effect of [words excised]

(I think in my [words excised] speak of sterility [words excised] in successive generation.) but did not suspect cause

(4c]

[calculations not transcribed.]

(4D

Cowslip-Polyanthus. gr gr grandchild

The parent plants mentioned at foot of last page in 5 Pots, produced during summer of 1870 altogether only 3 pods, the flowers being left exposed to agency of insects with surrounding plants, each containing on average only 17. 0 seed.

During succeeding winter 1870-1871, all the plants in 3 of the Pots utterly perished; those in a 4th Pot nearly died; in the fifth, they remained in same dwarfed condition as before, other plants close by not injured by the severe winter.

In the crossed plants (p. 4C) the 62 umbels produced 324 Pods, whereas on the self plants to 15 umbels produced only 16 pods, & these were all borne by one abnormally fine plant; The effect was so fine that I almost suspect, without any reason, that a seed from crossed side may have got in. Hence the all the other plants in the other pots in the did not yield one seed.

10 Ten pods of the from the crossed plants yielded on average of each, 40.8 seed, & 10 pods from the one fine plant on self- side yielded average of 42.4 seed.

(N. B. May 1871. There is same difference in appearance if plants this Spring as last Spring.

4E

Cowslip polyanthus

Spring of 1871— I did not count the umbels which bore only flowers, but only those which produced good pods

Of the self Plants, the in Pot IV, one umbel was produced bearing 4 Pods— in another pot which last year bore no pods, one umbel produced 2 wretched pods — so altogether self plants produced 6 pods— All the crossed plants produced 40 pod-bearing umbels, which yielded 168 pods.

gr 5 gr 4 gr 3 grandchildren 2 — child 1

[4Ev]

In considering the wide difference in fertility between the 2 lots of plants, as tested observed during this year we must bear in mind the 2 distinct agencies have been work. — The so-called self-fertilise plant are the result of illegitimate fertilisation during five [illeg] generations; that is of fertilisation by pollen of the same form, though taken, all in the self-fert from a distinct plant of the same lot the plant may be fertilised (except in the last generation) by pollen taken fr a distinct individual of the same lot of plant & [many words illeg], been subject to the [illeg] similar conditions. This latter always as we perhaps know. would have greatly reduce the size & fertility of the plant thus treated on the other hand, the legitimate cross was effected by pollen taken from one of [3 words illeg] plant, which had been exposed to very different condition & this give gave great size to the offspring & other case we know to make as have seen in other cases —

How much weight to allot to the two agencies I know not.