(25

Petunia seed of common garden var. [dingy] purple. viz Violacea?)

6 4 Plants in separate pots full of same size in greenhouse under net. — 6 flowers crossed by distinct plant. produced 6 pods:— 6 fert by pollen of own flower produced 3 pods not one pod was produced by self-fertilisation: though 4 were marked

Seeds from self-fert. by eye less than with from crossed.

The 6 seed from the 6 weighed 4.44 grains; therefore from three (& all produced nearly the same quantity) wd have weighed 2.22. Whilst the seed from the three self-fert pods weighed only 1.49 gr or say 1/50 so considerably less —

In nearly the proportion of 22 tall to 15 tall or 22 : 15.

Planted in pots in greenhouse & in glass on sand. Oct. 25th 3°. 30' P. m. —

(Oct 28th. 7° 30' Bo Many seeds in both lots have cracked their shells: the uncrossed quite as fully as the crossed.) (Oct 29th The self-fert certainly more forward in their germination.)

Pot I. sown — Hothouse

― II. Transplanted & equal greenhouse.

(26

Petunia

Pot I. seedings now 3/4 high: no difference in crossed & uncrossed. — In sand-tumbler the latter have the advantage, but very few crossed were left & raised. —

(Dec. 1' Pot I crossed rather tallest.) (In sand sand the crossed perhaps the healthiest.) (Pot. 2 perhaps crossed tallest.)

Dec. 16th Pot I. Crossed now certainly rather the tallest: in glass of sand the self-fert, rather tallest.)

(Dec. 30' In glass of sand uncrossed certainly tallest: only a few plants.)

(Feb. 10th. In sand the uncrossed decidedly tallest: March 31 Half dead.

Pot do. Pot. 2, the crossed have largest leaves but not tallest

do Pot 1. do do do)

(March 31 Pot I. Crossed rather tallest

― II. equal, if any difference crossed finest)

June 3d Plants in both Pot now nearly done flowering

Pot I. Tallest crossed Plant 30 inches & two other 28 & 29 inches (yet crossed most crowded)

tallest self-fert. 24 1/2 inches

Pot. 2. Tallest crossed 34 1/2 — only 2 plants on this side

― self. 27 1/2 —)

(June 3d Some months or two ago I sowed seeds of crossed & self on opposite side & large pot, & thinned them equally; now plants are from 3-4 inch high & no difference in 2 sides — Pot put into Garden yesterday. —

[26v]

Sept 15 1867 Pot last mentioned

[table and calculations not transcribed]

(26 A

[calculations not transcribed]

(26A

Petunia

During 1867 I fertilised some of self-fert. plants with own pollen & crossed some crossed plants; & got of each lot 2d generation 3 pods — which will make plants of 2d Gen. — One self-pod was as fine as any crossed; two other selfs inferior; but cannot judge from so few. — These were a vast number of imperfect seed in the self-lot

Dec. 11th— 1867. Placed both seeds on sand in study. —

(Dec. 16 germinated in equal degree; the self have the advantage if there is any difference) (18' There is no doubt that the self are rather in advance, probably smaller seed.) (I allowed some many plants to grow on the pure sand in the glass, & they are now 3/4 inch high, & the crossed have slight advantage.)

(April 3d. 68 Pot I Crossed 3 or 4 times as tall & larger as self.

Pot. II. Crossed twice as fine as self- — Wonderful difference)

(April 23d. Pot I tallest crossed 10 1/2 tallest self 3 1/2!!

― Pot II. do do 6 1/2 do 4 3/4.

(May 15 the crossed flowers in Pot. I & II have flowered long before the selfs & those which are alone in Pot. III.)

(July 11 68 Plants full grown & seeds just gathered

[table not transcribed] 2d Dec} see over for seed production add up & given on piece of paper

(26B

Petunia Plants no of 3 generation — i.e. crossed twice & self-fert. twice

12 flowers on crossed plants were again crossed & produced 11 pods, but 5 of them were poor; the 6 good pods contained 3.75 gr. of very fine seed.

12 flower on self-plants were again self-fert & produced 12 pods; the 6 best (but all pretty good & nearly equal) contained only 2.57 gr. seed; so in one way these plants much less fertile than the crossed plant, though more of pods of the latter were poor.

These seeds were placed on damp sand & planted

(N.B. The 2 self fert. pants which were again self fert. & grow in a pot by themselves, (the crossed on opposite side having died) so they were not exposed to any competition & hence probably their greater average production of a greater number of pods.)

(26C

Petunia Plants of 4th gen ─ 1869

April 28 1869 young plants measured to crown of little leaves

Aug 10th 69 fully grown

[Table partly excised, not transcribed]

[Repeat of 26 C]

26C

[calculations not transcribed]

26D

Petunia —1869.

On crossed plants on last page of 3d generation, 30 fl were crossed & produced 17 Pods — 30 flowers on self-plants were fert. with own pollen & produced only 5 7 pods.

(— 30 flowers on crossed plants were also fert. with own pollen for comparison with the sterility of the self-fert plants of this 4th generation; & these 30 flowers produced only 5 pods, which contained, as seen in watch glasses quite as much seed as the other self. — Hence 4 generations of self-fert. has not in the least increased sterility. —)

The seed from the above 17 crossed pods fert. in watch glasses, clearly were on average quite twice as numerous as the two lots of self-fert. pods. —

N. B. In pot. II the self-plants were much taller than crossed, but they did not yield a single pod — but owing to absence from of pollen, I do not know how many were self fertilised, & know this case is mere accident. —

(26F

Petunia, seed taken at same time as on last page from Pot I (on p. 26 C.) in which the self- on average a shade the tallest. Plants measured to tips of calyx

[Table excised] 4 tallest selected on each side

So then one of crossed had grown though old superiorly

so that not certain not certain the self-fert parent parents, of this self-fert plant were taller than those opposite, the parent plants ar largely beaten by the crosses; so

Tab 29.

Under next Pot, state crossed height height & treated & measure in every way like the last lot.

26E

[calculations not transcribed] Greater superiority than in last case.

26E

Petunia. (These plants will be 5th 4. Generation)

March 1870. — In Pot I to VI — seed from Pot IV (p. 26 C.) in which parent crossed plants were considerably taller than self germinated & planted; in this pot the crossed plants considerably taller than the self Plant. — Measured to tips of axis & longest leaf.

Measured July 29 1870 to tip of calyx

[Table partly excised, not transcribed]

[26Ev]

In Pot IV on back of page I compared anthers & those of crossed seemed largest??? Frank put pollen in water from crossed & self in Pot I & hardly any bad grains in crossed & vast numbers in the self- pollen— There was a most marked difference in goodness of pollen.─

26F

[calculations not transcribed]

(26G

Petunia. 1870

The numbered Plants on p. 26 E of the 4th gen were thus fertilised Table 29 (?)

8 flowers on self- plants self-fert. Black Thread. (7 Produced Pods)

8 fl. on crossed plants crossed by plants of same lot.─ white thread (5 produced pods)

8 fl crossed with pollen of purple plant from Mr (Cattell, so a new strain— stock originally came from Cattells) Black White wool (all 8 produced pods. —

April 10. 1871

(Seed put in watch-glasses, that from the flowers crossed by Cattells plants certainly seemed considerably the most abundant— That from the 6 intercrossed flowers did not appear more numerous than from the self-fertilised, except that there was one very fine pod. —)

(The seed in 7 self-fert pods weighed 2 gr. 10 ∴ 10 pods wd weight 3.00 gr

― in 5 intercrossed ― 2.07 ∴ 10 … ― 4.14

― in 8 pods crossed by Cattells plant 5.01 ∴ 10 … 6.26)

This is all right theoretically & is striking; but pods hardly enough to be trusted;— Those crossed by Cattell I think may be trusted.

These 3 kinds of seeds will be sown germinated on sand & planted this summer (1871) & record given on next Page. —

(Now planted. May 22d 1871)

(26H

Petunia 1871. Plants from seed on last Page.

Measured July 26th 5 generation to tips of stem — Plants just in flower.

[table not transcribed]

"Intercrossed" means crossed plant again crossed, but all germ under same conditions as the self- plants)

(26H

[calculations not transcribed]

(26I

Petunia, Augt 30 /71/ Same plants as on last page p. 26 H now growth nearly completed — drawn up, tied to stick — Green House — measured to tips of stems (— measured to base of calyx. —)

[Table excised]

These plants in greenhouse all seem sterile. — The self-fertilised plants are almost quite uniform in colour— flesh coloured or pale purple— The intercrossed more variable from nearly white to pale pink purple.

The plants crossed by Cattell pollen all much more purple, showing really crossed. These latter plants, (& those in open garden) certainly have darker green & larger leaves than the intercrossed or self & there ar generally signs of vigour; & their stems were certainly thicker. — N. B I find these plants are all still growing, & it is possible that those crossed by Cattell, might beat the intercrossed. — The self have almost all stopped growing, & several are dead, or half-dead. — Hence the weight of self, from being partly dry, is too small

(over) for result

[21Iv]

21 Plantes crossed by Cattells weighed— 2 lb = 32

22 Plants intercrossed was ∴ 21 plants would weigh

21 Plants self- fertilised

[calculations not transcribed]

26I

[calculations not transcribed]

(26K

Petunia 1871 The refuse seed from which plants last page p. 26 H & I. were raised, some more or less germinated & some not germinated, were sown in 3 parallel rows in K. Garden. & measured on Nov. 13. 1871. (It was curious how uniform in colour & height the self were; & so in height were the intercrossed, but less uniform in colour.

The crossed by Cattells, much brighter coloured, & not nearly so uniform in height, & stems seemed thicker. Left exposed to be crossed by Humble-Bees.) — Nov. 13th —

[Table excised]

The 10 Plants Weight of. —

Crossed by Cattells — 1 lb. 12 oz = 18 oz

Intercrossed — 2. 9 = 25 oz 41

Self-fert. — 0 14 3/4

No doubt intercrossed heavier than the Crossed by Cattells, but probably not is so great, as here appears, as more of the Crossed-Plant-seed had grown & hence they were more crowded, nevertheless the stems of some appeared thicker than of intercrossed & certainly greener. There was sharp frost last night & certainly Intercrossed more w blackened than the crossed — the self-fert, perhaps not more, but then so much lower plants were less exposed to cold wind.

Table /over

[26Kv]

Number of Pods large or small on the 10 Plants large or small

Crossed by Cattell — no of Pods 111.— weighing 121. 20 ∴ 100: 108 gr.

Intercrossed — 129 do 76. 45 ∴ 100: 59.

Self-fert. — — 44 — do 22. 35 ∴ 100: 50.

These pods were some full-sized hardly any ripen but greater number half-grown, hardy & some small, so we do not know that those crossed by Cattells wd ultimately have been much finer pods, but this in high degree probable; anyhow it is certain that they [text excised]

heavier & larger to eyes; [text excised]

in equal time & under [text excised]

same conditions. — So [text excised]

 to this, greater resistance [text excised]

It will confirm the [text excised]

lighter which I fear is [text excised]

try calculation again.

26K

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[26Kv]

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