RECORD: Darwin, C. R. 1837-1839. St. Helena Model notebook. EH88202325. Edited by John van Wyhe (The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Gordon Chancellor. Text prepared by John van Wyhe 8.2025. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with the permission of English Heritage (Darwin Collection at Down House) and William Huxley Darwin.

The text is adapted from: Chancellor, Gordon. 1990. Charles Darwin's St Helena Model Notebook. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Historical Series 18(2): 203-228. Text PDF F1839

[front cover]

Nothing

St. Helena Model

[1]

An Elevation intermediate between

Longwood2 &

Alarm house3

will give

mean inclination

of stream before

elevation at

Flagstaff4

[The footnotes are reproduced at the end of this transcription.]

[2]

Bluimans5 probably modern lava.

 Horse pasture6 island slopes impossible to guess what it is

 High Hill7. I should think external a little more elevated then rest of ring Vide basalt & V specimens

[3]       

Hollow on coast near Man & Horses8 I should certainly think end of ?capped with Lava & elevated? external ring: to

 The S. [illeg] Is like inside of Crater.

Evidently great remnant near Flat Rocks.9

[4]

?very doubtful Whether any

old rocks near

Flat rocks?

Asses ears10 so very

near coast South Barn11

I should think

Basaltic, as well

as Long Range

point12 x x x

[5]

Cuckolds point13

2672

Hally's Mount14

2400 According to

colouring, base of

Man & Horse15

external basaltic

x x x x & I can

scarcely doubt great

[6]

Stone top16 is likewise basaltic

High Hill17 most anomalous

Part of Barn18

nearest to Flagstaff19

higher than seaward

point from

elevation—

The form of South

[7]

Barn20 would lead

to supposition that

it dipped to SE by

S.—

If we complete the

craters by Green Hill21

to Nest [Lodge written over 'Loge']22, the

longer axis will be

parallel to S. Coast

as rise of Green

[8]

Hill is nearly obliterated

We need not be surprised

at SW part of

circle being entirely

obliterated

The state of outer

ring at ( true SW)

point, is quite

doubtful... cause

of dip of S Barn23

doubtful.—

[9]

Excepting from

disturbance at the

? Barn24 axis of

Crater parallel to

island.—

New crater placed

rather at one

end of ring of

Rocks

Lot. Lots Wife25 &

& Flagstaff26 in line

[10]

connection true

or false?

The tops of

basaltic masses

stick up

above the modern=

strewn all round

a little higher

[11]

The lava of Flagstaff27

did not proceed

over from so

low a place as

Consons Casons Gate28

When I talk of

dip from High

Peak29 have I said

SW for NW!!!??

[12]

The irregular

position of the

external knobs,

would certainly

appear more

probably due to

elevation, than

to crater of subsidence

Appears to have

[13]

less regularity,

than true crater

tho' having

crateriform

dip

Prosperous Bay30

Flagstaff ought31

to have dipped

due E.

[14]

Barn32 NE

ought to have

dipped

South Barn33 ought to

have dipped

S by E

From black angular

[15]

projecting mass at base

of Man &

Horse34

no doubt external

basaltic, but

top too smooth

I must suspect

structure like

Flagstaff35

[16]

Dr Lindsay Curator

Ask Gould37 about

East Indian & Australian

Birds. with respect

to islets 38

Eyton39 —Waterhouse40

thinks grey with black

bars cat differ species

from small tortoise=

shell

cat41 —skeletons

Do get shepherds tail

[17e-20e]

[21]

Sulivan42 get head of

ox called "Nata'43

History of cross breeds Gould drawing of

ostrich44 D'Orbigny45 is giving

figure shells from

Cordillera46 Ear Doctor47

[ ]

[22]

Tell Lyell48 of Desnoyers

Paper49

Tell Mr Owen50

of Caout chouk51

to stop bottle

There are some

admirable tables

of distribution of

reptiles of S. America

bound in Suites

de Buffon,52 of

[23e-24e]

[25]

Wrappers ??

about sending to Subscribers53

Stewart54 about payment

of the 100 guineas

for Gould55 Curtis56 my bill Dr Smith57 sharks

teeth Navedad

Chile will examine them

hereafter

[ ]

[26]

Major Mitchell58

Height of Escarpment

of Blue Mountains

do hybrid dogs foxes Austral

dogs. breed.-59

Depth of rivers near

mouths60

Any Fossils in the Sandstone61

Pecten Terebratula

Name of Mr Brown62 leaves63 Do Australian dogs hunt in

packs64 Watuaya

Woodcut of Bomb65

[27]

Pay Lonsdale66 Geolog

Transactions

Pseudo-strata.

-craters.

? May I quote your statement

about steep shore deep beneath

water.67 find out about cliffs

on banks of rivers

At Head of

Grose I are there

cliffs & confine attention to this

one valley

yes

Do the rivers continue deep

a little way above tidal action no

cliffs Look out for shells with

bones not always cliffs

[28]

- Woods [illeg]

Henrietta —St Bath68

would probably answer letter

& give information

about tailless breed of

cats69 (origin?) near

Walmesbury breed??

Wiltshire sheep. With

teeth pushing each

other out

Plants from Henslow70 Sulivan71 about

English Weeds

Fennel, Sow Thistle

Reach

[29e-34e]

[35]

Council of

Geolog Soc

for map of

Scotland

Dunford field

Church St Last number of Lancet, account

of Owen & Magnetism72 73

[36]

Vol. VII Ed. T.

p.15774 Sir J Hall

states that "a large block

of rock stone 4 or 5 ft

in diam, lying within

high water mark, &

well known as having serving

to denote the boundary

of two estates was

during a stormy night

in water transported

90 yards, & the person

on the spot was confused

[37e-40e]

[41]

all preserving their

NE dip

Miss Martineau p. 21375

Charity everywhere

I doubted it at first Byron & the

Fuegian women Have any other associated animals

charity—cows not

wild cattle & [illeg]

[42]

Wouett on Cattle76

Waterhouse, has it77

Ask [Fox78 ink over pencil] to

experimentise79

on Frogs spawn & to

procure eggs of

Land Snail, for me—

Owen's Edition

of Hunters's Animal Economy80

[43e-44e]

[45]

n.b.

Pintail & Common

Duck to get

some half breed 81 Bring Picture

for M

Cross between Black

Grouse Ptarmigan82

Pheasant & Grouse in83

wild—when species decreasing

[46]

Capercailzie84

Black Grouse &

subalpina85

Anthus S. American

species.—furthest

south—Anthus

going further SouthNorth

than S. American

species86

[47]

Mr Yarrel87 3"6d

for number of

Physiology88

Mr Yarrell [1765 written over '1780'],

has book history of

Pidgeon.89

Treatise on Domestic

Pidgeons—very

curious, in comparison

for time,—Mr Yarrell

has recent comparison

[48]

Has rock Pidgeon

pouter's specks on

shoulder, Pouters

have specks90

Have any new

varieties of Pidgeons

been established?91

There must be laws of

variation chance would never

produce feathers or make

breed—92 ?cat without legs?93

[49e-58e]

[59]

modesty [two illeg words] & shame

Mr Fuller 8 Albany

Place —11 Regent

Park—200£94

Albany St. 70£. per annum

no 161—100£ per annum

Another further up

this street 80£

no 27

[60]

Clarges St.-

Montague Place

House. Parker

Keppel St Agent

Furnished

Kemp & Son

37 Judd St.

House in Woburn

Place—no 20

[61]

Pearsall & Jorden

1. Bernard St

Russell Square

House in do

12 Upper Gower95

St. Furnished or

unfurnished. must be latter

Furniture\

at Valuation? Pearsall & Jordan: 100 year

with stables: 4 years-

[Will hear on Tuesday from France written up left margin]

[62]

Mr Stokes96 4

North Place

Gray Inn Lane

Gordon Square

40

Built two years

Upper 20 Woburn Place

bare, (with fixtures

some) want some

painting Landlord probably will

do no more rather

nice house—

[63]

offices rather bad.

look out believing

moderately good

140 Kemp &

Son [37 '3' written over '2'] Judd St

with stables

17. Woburn Place

to Purchase Furniture

rent 110 Lease 7 or

14

[64]

[upside down on microfilm image]

Tavistock Square97

2 houses from-

near Mr Crompton's

145£: New

House belonging to Cubitt98

Regent Square.

[32x]

Common table &

2nd Washing stand

Lyell161 -Maclarens162 has written

on Salisbury Craigs

[30x]

Pay Lyell154 for

Pritchard155 Chemical Concretions

Volcanic Dust156 ———

Remnants of Carpets157 Mat for

Hall

Windows cleaned

Staircase cover washed

Walls cleaned

white curtains washed

[31x]

Two easy chairs

Blinds in red

Rooms washed

Muslin all to be

Washed

[Lyell158 T. Carlyle159-Public Library Flint in Pottery ——written upside down]160

[28x]

Macaio

Is there any relation

between boss of Indian

cattle & structure

Bison &c147

Analyse this in

all cases whether

variation assumes

character allied to

specific ones

same genus—

[29x]

Write to Sulivan148 to

enquire about wild

Have they long ears & what

colour??

dogs on the Pampas

Do male animals lose

passion from breeding in &

in.-149

How many generations was

this effected in case of

Bantam & Polish Cochin150

in Pidgeons how many generations

old on an average 151

[Vertebra of Indian Cattle ink over pencil]152 Eyton. dissect.—153

Skeletons of Pidgeons

1/2 one. 3. oclock

1/4. 1. 1/2 past one

[26x]

Edentate Head. one plate141

Mastodont one plate

4 Plates

2 Plates for little

bones

1 Tessalated covering

6 Scelidotherium

1—Lower jaw

1 Megatherium

1 && [18 boxed] 2"18

[27x]

Theory of Volcanos

Count Byelandt

Palstercamp142

Rat from

Australia??143

Owen—fossil—144

Shall I give Institute

d' France Mammalia145

Lyell Volcanic

Dust146

[24x]

Cheiroptamus 135

Exact Locality

Cast

Sir P Egerton136

says that Kaup137

considers M. augusti=dens138

as only found

in India—

European species come

from are M.

longirostris

[25x]

Jaw of Elephant in

Geolog Soc

Edin Transacts

Vol. VI p 165139

considers Somma

is fragment of large

volcano Sir J

Hall

do p. 173140 Has seen

clay stiff enough for

potters use with

great crystals of ice

found in them, &

fragments of rock, with

angles stay sharp, yet with

[character completely altered &

two illeg words superinduced

written up right margin]

[20x]

Dr Smith128

Quartz Rock. no

formation of??

with respect to origin of

sandstone129

Granite large

tab Formation????

Ask Lonsdale130 about

stalagtite layer on Chalk &

tab look at

[three illeg words]

(with the exception

of some quartz Hills

on near the West Coast

near the mouth of Orange

River) Dr Smith.-131

[21xe-22xe]

[23x]

Tooth of Mastodon132

for Merchant

Sonnerat133 has

given account

of Seychelles

Voyage aux Indes

Orientales 1774

1781

Gould134 has seen

parrot

[ ]

[12x]

Ice transport of storm

in Frith of Forth

p. 157 VII Vol

& 8th Edinburgh Transact123

Have they a Leucopterus

from Falkland Isd

at Brit Museum

for comparison with

those from T del

Fuego brought by King124

[13xe-18xe]

[19x]

Ask Dr Smith

thickness of sandstone

at C. of Good Hope125

How high is the capping of

sandstone on Lions Head

2100ft above sea

Corvus do Mar

for Henslow126

[Whether litters of true hybrids are heterogenous or homogenous written upside down]127

[ ]

[8x]

Lyell flint in Potteries116

tooth in Sir

Woodbine's117 possession118

[9xe-10xe]

[11x]

Vol III p. 30 Lyell119

wrong about P. vulpine

Waterhouse

?Type? size for Zoological

Ask Baillierè120

Roget, Bridgewater121

Treatise

Translation of Muller122

[6x]

Lonsdale: S. American

Fossils?104

Correction for Lyell

in little Book105

Lyell Vol. II Poggendorf

Annalen about Albite

ask Lyell to look106

[illeg]

Earle107 Tristan D'Acunha108

Mr Whewell109 depths at

which sea breaks110

[7x]

Cone of Tree from Chile111

Mr Browne

Bomb112 [cannot find it

+ Mark of Tree boxed]—

Is Australian wood coniferous113

[yes all I brought ink over pencil]

nearly all filled with agate Red

Jasper does not

+Norfolk Isld

Macquarie Is??

where can I get account?

Australia & S. America

at all allied Flora.

Wild dogs on West Coast

See 1st Vol of Geograph

Journal114

Bog Iron ore

infusoria115

Fern of Australia being found in

India.

Ask directions about good

lens in Paris.—

[1xe-4xe]

[back end paper excised]

[inside back cover]

[printed label:]

PHELPS.

Original Manufacturer of

HALL'S

Much Approved VELVET PAPER MEMORANDUM BOOKS.

with METALLIC PENCILS, the Points of which will never Break and the Writing remains secure from Erasure

Keep the Points of the Pencils smoothly scraped flat and write with them in the same direction as with a Pen.

2/6

Lyell99

Geograph Journal

1839 p. 288

Subsidence

at Tyre100

[5x] by seeds or not? & what

will it go back to?

Give Miller101

hint, about specimens

[378 yellow encircled]102

Von Hoff translated??103

Take the passage

& see about my mistake

[back cover]

[blank]

NOTES

Biographical notes are adaptations of those given in the Correspondence.

  1. There are five lines of illegible very feint words written on the inside front end paper.
  2. Longwood (elevation 1760') was Napoleon's residence on St Helena; it is located in the east-central part of the island (see Cross, 1980).
  3. Alarm House (elevation 1960'?) is approximately 1 mile west of Longwood.
  4. Flagstaff Hill (elevation 2275') is on the north-east coast, overlooking Flagstaff Bay.
  5. Not identified.
  6. Horse Pasture is a large sloping area about three miles south-west of Jamestown.
  7. High Hill (elevation 2314') is about two miles south of Horse Pasture.
  8. Man and Horse is a high cliff area at the south-west corner of St Helena.
  9. The Flat Rocks are two of the islets off the southern tip of St Helena.
  10. The Asses Ears (elevation about 1660') are two peaks at the the southern tip of the island.
  11. South Barn is presumably Sandy Bay Barn (elevation 1413') which is in the centre of the south coast, on the eastern side of Sandy Bay.
  12. Long Range (elevation 1936') and Long Range Point are on the south-eastern edge of Sandy Bay.
  13. Cuckholds Point (elevation 2672') is in the centre of the island, on the northern rim of Sandy Bay.
  14. Halley's Mount (elevation 2200') is halfway between Cuckhold's Point and Alarm House. It was from this point that Edmund Halley observed the transits of Mercury and Venus in 1676.
  15. See note 8.
  16. Great Stone Top (elevation 1620') is near the south-east corner of the island.
  17. See note 7.
  18. The Barn (elevation 2019') is at the north-west tip of the island.
  19. See note 4.
  20. See note 11.
  21. Green Hill (elevation 1650') is about 1 mile south of Cuckhold's Point.
  22. West Lodge (elevation 2200') is about 1 mile east-south-cast of High Hill. Darwin both here and in VI refers to it as Nest Lodge.
  23. See note 11.
  24. See note 18.
  25. Lot (elevation 1489') and Lot's Wife (elevation 1516') are peaks in the interior of Sandy Bay.
  26. See note 4.
  27. See note 4.
  28. Casons Gate has not been located.
  29. High Peak (elevation 2616') is about 2 miles east of High Hill. Darwin's question to himself here almost certainly relates to his Beagle notes (DAR 38ii, f. 929).
  30. Prosperous Bay is on the north-east coast of St Helena.
  31. See note 4.
  32. See note 18.
  33. See note 11.
  34. See note 8.
  35. See note 4.
  36. Not identified.
  37. Gould, John (1804-81). Self-taught ornithologist and artist. Taxidermist to the Zoological Society of London, 1826-81. Described the birds collected on the Beagle expedition (Gould, 1838-41). FRS 1834.
  38. Related matter appears in B249.
  39. Eyton, Thomas Campbell (1809-80). Shropshire naturalist and collector of bird skins and skeletons. Friend and Cambridge contemporary of Darwin.
  40. Waterhouse, George Robert (1810-88). Naturalist. A founder of the Entomological Society, 1833. Curator, Zoological Society of London, 1836-43. On staff of the British Museum 1843-80. Described some of Darwin's entomological specimens from the Beagle voyage (see Smith, 1987) as well as the Beagle mammals (Waterhouse, 1838-9).
  41. 'Waterhouse thinks two main divisions of cats. Tortoise shell & grey-banded. ?species?' B250.
  42. Sulivan, Bartholomew James (1810-90). Naval officer and hydrographer. Lieutenant in the Beagle, 1831-6. Surveyed the Falkland Islands, 1836-46 (Moore & Scannell, 1986). Admiral 1877.
  43. Nata cattle are described in Variation 1: 89-91. They may also be the subject of a manuscript Darwin sent to George Robert Gray in December 1838 (see Correspondence 2: 136).
  44. Almost certainly a reference to Gould's illustration of Darwin's Rhea, Pterocnemia pennata d'Orbigny, which was published in Gould (1841).
  45. D'Orbigny, Alcide Charles Victor Dessalines (1802-57). French palaeontologist who travelled widely in South America, 1826-34.
  46. Probably a reference to the figures of South American fossils which appeared in the 'Atlas de la partie historique' of d'Orbigny (1846).
  47. Colp (1977) does not seem to have found any evidence that Darwin had any ear complaint.
  48. Lyell, Charles (1797-1875). Uniformitarian geologist. Professor of Geology, King's College, London, 1831-3. President of the Geological Society, 1834-6 and 1849-50. Scientific mentor and friend of Darwin. FRS 1826. Lyell was in Scotland from late August until mid-November 1838 (Wilson, 1972).
  49. Possibly Desnoyers (1831-2), although Lyell already knew of this paper (Notebooks: 405n35-1).
  50. Owen, Richard (1804-92). Comparative anatomist. Assistant conservator at the Hunterian Museum, Royal College of Surgeons, 1827; Hunterian Professor, 1836-56. Superintendent of the Natural History Department of the British Museum, 1856-84. Described the Beagle fossil mammal specimens (Owen, 1838-40). FRS 1834.
  51. Caoutchouc, or India-rubber, could be used to seal a bottle.
  52. An almost identical reference occurs on D40 and the 'Suites' are also referred to on D179 and on the inside back cover of C (Notebooks: 327nIBC-4). The D40 note was made between the 19th and 22nd of August 1838.
  53. Presumably a reference to subscribers to the Zoology (Freeman, 1977; Correspondence 2).
  54. Mr Stewart of Stewart and Murray, printers of the Zoology.
  55. See note 37.
  56. C. M. Curtis, artist for the Zoology mammalia volume (Waterhouse, 1838-9), no.2 of which appeared in September 1838.
  57. Smith, Andrew (1797-1872). Army surgeon stationed in South Africa, 1821-37. Principal Medical Officer at Fort Pitt, Chatham, 1837; Deputy Inspector-General, 1845. Director-General, Army Medical Department, 1853-8. FRS 1857. Darwin collected sharks' teeth at Navedad in 1834 (see GSA), but I can trace no connection between Andrew Smith and South America or sharks' teeth.
  58. Mitchell, Thomas Livingstone (1792-1855). Surveyor-General, New South Wales, 1825-55.
  59. See C159,189 and D180 on the subject of breeding between native and european dogs.
  60. See VI: 135 for Mitchell's information on Australian river valleys, published in Mitchell (1838). Darwin records a communication with Mitchell, probably datable to April 1838, on the same subject (see Notebooks: 113n92—1).
  61. Probably a reference to fossils from Tasmania, judging from the proximity to the following reference (note 62). See Banks (1971) and DAR 40, if. 45-9.
  62. Brown, Robert (1773-1858). Botanist. Librarian to Joseph Banks, 1810-58. Keeper of the Botanical collections, British Museum, 1827-58. FRS 1811. Mabberley (1985).
  63. The text on pp.26-7 is drawn over heavily with doodles and sketches of plants. These may be fossil plants from Tasmania given to Robert Brown for description. See fig. 1, and VI: 140.
  64. 'Major Mitchell is not aware that Australian dogs ever hunt in company—'C213. Entry made in the early summer of 1838.
  65. May refer to the woodcuts of volcanic bombs in VI: 36, 38.
  66. Lonsdale, William (1794-1871). Geologist. Served the Geological Society from 1829 to 1842, first as curator and librarian, and after 1838 as assistant secretary and librarian. Lonsdale was a frequent source of information for Darwin.
  67. This question may be directed at Major Mitchell. See note 60.
  68. Henrietta Street is near the centre of Bath.
  69. 'There is a breed of tailless cats, near Bath. Lonsdale' C175. William Lonsdale (see note 66) provided Darwin with other examples of varieties of domesticated animals (Notebooks: 293-4).
  70. Henslow, John Stevens (1796-1861). Clergyman, botanist, and mineralogist, Cambridge University, 1822-7; Professor of Botany, 1825-61. Darwin's teacher and friend. The background to Henslow's involvement with plants collected by Darwin is given in Porter (1985).
  71. See note 42.
  72. The last two lines are written horizontally as was the previous page of text, judging from words on the stub of 34e. The other lines on p.35 were written vertically in the remaining blank space.
  73. See note 50. The reference has not been traced, although there was correspondence on 'animal magnetism' in The Lancet at this time (e.g. issue of September 22, p. 34).
  74. Hall (1815) is also referred to in A36. See also note 123.
  75. 'Miss Martineau (How to Observe p. 213) says charity is found everywhere (is it not present with all associated animals?) I doubted it in Fuegians, till I remembered Bynoes story of the women.—' M142. This entry was made between 13 and 15 September 1838. Note that the name in the St Helena Model notebook is clearly Byron. The reference is to Martineau (1838). See also Correspondence 1: 520.
  76. 76. Youatt (1834).
  77. See note 40. 'Wowett on Cattle—(Waterhouse has it)' CIBC.
  78. Fox, William Darwin (1805-80). Darwin's second cousin. A close friend at Cambridge who shared Darwin's enthusiasm for entomology.
  79. 'Experimentise on land shells in salt water & lizards do.—' B248.
  80. Hunter (1837), listed on C270. See note 50.
  81. Hybrid pintail and common ducks are referred to on D25,26,33,89,IBC. See also Natural Selection: 433n1, and Variation 2: 45.
  82. Crossing between black grouse and ptarmigan is referred to on D72, dated 8 September 1838 and on D105-6, datable to 13 September 1838. The subject is dealt with in some detail in Natural Selection: 434-6, and Darwin's interest in it seems likely to have originated during his fieldwork at Glen Roy in late June 1838. See Notebooks: 345n43-1.
  83. Grouse-pheasant hybrids are mentioned on B189,D33,105-6 and E106. See note 82.
  84. The capercailzie is mentioned on D73 and 105.
  85. See note 82.
  86. 86. Probably a reference to Anthus corrender Viellot, mentioned in Gould (1839: 85) as having 'probably a further range southward than any other land-bird in the southern hemisphere.'
  87. Yarrell, William (1784-1856). Zoologist. Engaged in business as newspaper agent and bookseller in London. Wrote standard works on British birds and fishes.
  88. Possibly Hunter (1786) or (1792), listed on C267.
  89. Moore (1765). An almost identical entry occurs on D100. See Notebooks: 362n100-1. This cross-reference almost certainly dates to 13 September 1838.
  90. This is discussed on D100-1. See Notebooks: 362n100-2, and note 89.
  91. 'as in pidgeons no new races.—' D104.
  92. I agree with the reading of this page given in Notebooks: 362n100-2, although the phrase may be 'produce feathers and make bones'. Very similar wording occurs on D112.
  93. 'Yarrell told me of a cat & a dog, born without front legs—' D108. 'if armless cat can propogate' D112. These pages are datable to between 14 and 16 September 1838.
  94. Darwin started househunting on or about 25 November 1838 (See Correspondence 2: 120).
  95. Freeman (1982) gives an excellent account of the events leading up to the establishment of the newlywed Darwin household at 12 Upper Gower Street ('Macaw Cottage') in January 1839.
  96. This may be Charles Stokes (1783-1853). See Wilson (1972, chapter 10).
  97. A prospective house in Tavistock Square is mentioned in a letter from Darwin to Emma Wedgwood dated 27 November 1838 (Correspondence 2: 129).
  98. Thomas Cubitt (1788-1855) is mentioned as the developer of Tavistock Square in Freeman (1982).
  99. '2/6' is written in the top left hand corner. It is presumably the price of the notebook (two shillings and six pence).
  100. This reference of 1839 is the latest date in the notebook. The reference is to De Berthou (1839). The only other reference to the 1839 volume of the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London in Darwin's handwriting of which I am aware is the annotation on the letter from J. G. Malcolmson of 7 October 1839 (Correspondence2: 225).
  101. Miller, William Hallowes (1801-80). Mineralogist and crystallographer. Professor of Mineralogy, Cambridge University, 1832-80. FRS 1838.
  102. Geological specimen 3378, from Tahiti. There is a note in Darwin's specimen catalogue (on deposit at CUL) to 'V. app[endix] p. 19', which is a reference to DAR 39.1,f.88. The specimen is mentioned in a note from J. S. Henslow dated 5 November 1837-March 1838 (Correspondence 2: 55n2), in Darwin's letter to Henslow of 26 March 1838 (Correspondence 2: 79n4), and in Darwin's letter to W. H. Miller of 16 October-27 November 1842 (Correspondence 2: 339n2).
  103. Presumably Hoff (1822-24).
  104. See note 66. One explanation of this entry is that Darwin was entertaining the possibility of William Lonsdale describing at least some of his invertebrate fossils from South America. In the event Lonsdale described Darwin's fossils from Tasmania (Lonsdale 1844) while George Brettingham Sowerby (1788-1854) and Edward Forbes (1815-54) described Darwin's Cenozoic and Mesozoic fossils respectively (Sowerby 1846, Forbes 1846). Darwin enquired concerning Sowerby's credentials for the task in a letter to J. S. Henslow of October 1836 (Correspondence 1: 512n4). Sowerby also described Darwin's shells from the Cape Verdes and from St Helena and Tasmania (Sowerby 1844).
  105. Possibly a reference to Lyell (1840). Darwin was reading this work in manuscript in September 1838 (see Correspondence 2: 107n8).
  106. Lyell (1837,2: 175) 'According to Von Buch, the American volcanic rocks contain generally less albite instead of common felspar as a principal ingredient (Poggendorf's Annalen, 1836, p. 190).'
  107. Earle, Augustus (1793-1838). Artist and traveller. Artist in the Beagle, 1831-2. Hackforth-Jones (1980).
  108. Augustus Earle spent nine months on Tristan da Cunha in 1824 (see note 107). Darwin may have been interested in the action of waves on the island (see note 110).
  109. 109. Whewell, William (1794-1866). Mathematician and historian and philosopher of science. Tutor at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1823-38; Master 1841-66. Professor of Mineralogy, Cambridge University, 1828-32. FRS 1820.
  110. In a letter to Robert Mallet (1810-81) of 26 August 1846 Darwin says he consulted William Whewell (see note 109) on the subject of waves while preparing JR. See Correspondence 3: 335. In A59 the subject of breaking waves is mentioned with respect to Tristan da Cunha (see note 108).
  111. See note 62.
  112. See note 65.
  113. There is a general connection between these entries and those on B187 and C238-9.
  114. The wild dogs of King George's Sound are discussed by Nind (1832: 29).
  115. See Ehrenberg (1837), mentioned on A93 (Notebooks:114n93-1).
  116. See notes 140 and 160.
  117. Parish, Woodbine (1796-1882). Diplomat. Charge d'affaires in Buenos Aires, 1825-32. FRS 1824.
  118. Possibly a reference to the 'single detached tooth' of a Megatherium, mentioned as having been in Parish's collection by Owen (1840: 102).
  119. 'Thus the Phalangista vulpina inhabits both Sumatra and New Holland' Lyell (1837, 3: 30). Lyell took his reference from Temminck (1827: 16, 19). Waterhouse told Darwin that he did not believe Temminck's statement to be true, in a letter sent to 12 Upper Gower Street (and therefore dating from the last few days of 1838 at the earliest; see Correspondence 2: 154). There is a very similar entry in B249e (Notebooks: 232-3).
  120. Baillière, Hippolyte (d.1867). Bookseller and publisher in London who specialised in French medical and scientific texts.
  121. Roget (1834).
  122. Muller (1838-42).
  123. Hall (1815: 157). This entry cross-refers to p. 36 (see note 74). It is not clear why Darwin has added a reference to the eighth volume of the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
  124. See King (1828: 423-6).
  125. 125. See note 57. The sandstone, which is 2000 feet thick, is described in VI: 150-152.
  126. See note 70. A mistake for Cocos do mer, mentioned on E164 in relation to discussions with Henslow on 27 May 1839.
  127. 'Are the hybrids of those species. which cross & are fertile heterogenous' DIBC. See Notebooks: 345n43-1.
  128. See note 56.
  129. These two entries relate to information given by Smith on the geology of South Africa (see notes 125 and 131).
  130. See note 66.
  131. This is presumably Smith's reply to Darwin's enquiry at the top of the page.
  132. Darwin found Mastodon teeth at Gorodona (GSA: 87-8; Owen, 1840: 108). See notes 137-8.
  133. Sonnerat (1782).
  134. See note 37.
  135. Cheroptamus Cuvier is an Eocene mammal related to pigs (Buckland, 1836 1: 80).
  136. Egerton, Philip de Malpas Grey (1806-81). Of Oulton Park, Cheshire. Tory MP for South Cheshire, 1835-68. FRS 1831. Egerton was a vertebrate palaeontologist, specializing in fossil fish and footprints.
  137. Kaup (1832-5).
  138. Mastodon augustidens Cuvier is referred to on C46 and E32, the latter reference dated 26 October 1838. See note 132.
  139. Hall (1812).
  140. Hall (1812). An almost verbatim reference to the same observation occurs on A111, datable to before 11 August 1838. This may cross-refer to the subject touched on in notes 116 and 160.
  141. This is a list of the plates thought necessary to illustrate the fossil mammalia of the Beagle (Owen, 1838-40). The following are the most probable identifications of the plates listed:
    142. 'Edentate Head' Glossotherium in Owen (1839: pl. 16)
    'Mastodont' not illustrated
    'Tessalated covering' Hoplophorus Owen (1840: pl. 32, figs. 4-5)
    'Scelidotherium' Scelidotherium Owen (1839-40: pls. 20-8)
    'Lower jaw' Megalonyx in Owen (1840: pl. 29)
    'Megatherium' Megatherium Owen (1840: pl. 30)

  142. Not identified.
  143. Probably refers to a supposed fossil rat listed by Clift (1831), mentioned on C131 (see Notebooks: 278n131-1). See note 144.
  144. See note 50. Possibly Darwin was seeking Owen's opinion as to whether the rat (see note 143) was correctly identified.
  145. Darwin seems to be asking if he should donate a copy of Waterhouse (1838-9) to the Institute de France.
  146. See notes 48 and 156. Lyell gave Darwin a letter written to him in March 1838 which reported volcanic dust falling on a ship at sea (Correspondence 2: 77-8).
  147. A very similar passage occurs on D65, dated 7 September 1838. See also note 152.
  148. See note 42. There are several entries concerning wild dogs of the world in the Notebooks (e.g. D7-8).
  149. 'Breeding in & in Infertility & loss of passion?? in Male?' occurs in draft 'Questions for Mr Wynne', datable to February—July 1838 (Correspondence 2: 71).
  150. Closely related discussion occurs on D163, dated 25 September 1838.
  151. '(.. & not effect of breeding in & in like our pidgeons)' D88.
  152. See note 147.
  153. See notes 39 and 151.
  154. See note 48.
  155. Prichard (1836).
  156. See note 146.
  157. See note 94.
  158. See note 48.
  159. Carlyle, Thomas (1795-1881). Essayist and historian. Darwin met Carlyle for the first time in November 1838 (Correspondence 2:128).
  160. See notes 116 and 140.
  161. See note 48. Lyell mentioned Salisbury Craigs in his letter to Darwin dated 6 and 8 September 1838 (Correspondence 2:99).
  162. Maclaren, Charles (1782-1866). Established The Scotsman, 1817; editor, 1820-45. Wrote on geological subjects. Presumably Darwin knew of Maclaren (1839).

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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

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