RECORD: Darwin, C. R. [1868-1871]. Draft leaves of Expression, folio 34A and Descent, [Ch. XIV,] folio 139. Whipple-Wh.3788.7. (Cite as: John van Wyhe ed., 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)
REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed and edited by John van Wyhe 3.2026. RN1
NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the the Whipple Library, Cambridge and William Huxley Darwin.
The text of the drafts correspond to Expression, p. 171 and Descent 2: 149-150.
[Expression draft]
(p. 34A
But (It is an equally important fact for us that
(The internal parts of the eye, when a under certain states, stand in reflex connection with conditions, can likewise act in a reflex manner on the lacrymal glands. The following statements have been communicated to me by Mr. Bowman; but the subject is a very intricate one, as all the parts of the eye are so intimately related together, & are so sensitive to various stimulants. A strong light acting on the retina, when in a normal condition, has very little tendency to cause lacrymation; but with unhealthy children, who have [3 words illeg] having a small, old-standing [illeg] ulcers on the cornea, the retina becomes excessively sensitive to light, so that this & opening the eyelid it so that the exposure to common daylight causes a profuse flow of tears. When persons who ought to begin the use of convex glasses habitually strain the powers of power of accommodation force of in their eyes, the retina an undue secretion of tears very often follows; & the retina is liable to become unduly sensitive to light.
Hardness of the eyeball, not rising to inflammation,
[Descent draft]
(139
(Ch. Birds)
of a [illeg] belonging to the same above. In consequence of From the absence of the upper, thickened part of the ring, the ocellus, though perfect in all other respects, appears as if its top had been obliquely sliced off. It would, I think, perplex anyone, who believes that the plumage of the Argus-pheasant each spe bird had been created as we now see it, to account for the imperfect condition of the uppermost ocelli.
We have now seen that a perfect series exists on an almost complete spot with some [illeg] shading to wonderful ball-and-socket ornaments.
Gould who kindly gave me some of most interesting feathers, fully agrees with me in completeness of the gradation. It is obvious the steps exhibited by the feathers on the same bird do not at all necessarily show us the steps passed through by the [illeg] extinct progenitors of the species; but they probably give us the clue, & they prove at least
Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)
File last updated 9 March, 2026