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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

Francisco and to Goyaz; lastly, either to proceed from hence by the river Tocantin to Par , or to return from the interior to Bahia and the coast, there to embark our collections for Europe, and then to penetrate again into the interior of the provinces of Piauhy and Maranh o, and thus at length to reach Par , the object of our wishes. On this journey, through a part of the temperate and the whole of the south torrid zone, we hoped that we should be able to take a comprehensive view of the

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

travelling into the provinces of S. Paulo, Minas Gera s, Goyaz, and Bahia alone, and on the application of the Austrian embassy, soon received from the Brazilian government the necessary passports and letters of recommendation. All the preparations for our enterprise were completed in the beginning of December, and the moment to leave the capital was now arrived. With great emotion we took leave of friends and countrymen, to whom we were united by sincere attachment and similarity of pursuits, and set

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

articles of trade from S. Paulo to Minas are mules, horses, salt, dry meat, iron goods, and all other manufactures which go from the coast to the interior. At present, however, Minas is almost entirely supplied by Rio and Bahia, and the importation from Santos is inconsiderable; and of still less importance is that from Angra dos Reyes and Parati, in the province of Rio de Janeiro, which are the nearest to the entrance of Minas. Minas sends principally coarse cotton goods to S. Paulo. As we

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

that only the weaker hordes, who thought they should be more secure by joining with the Portuguese and settling among them, remained in their ancient abodes. The Tupinambazes, the most important of all the nations which the Europeans found upon the coast, confirm this view by their extensive migration, and their gradual falling back from the coasts of Bahia and Pernambuco, to Maranh o, Par , and along the river Amazons, upwards as far as the mouth of the Madeira, where we saw the last remnant

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

claim, through the actions of his forefathers, to this new continent, which the settlers from Europe cannot adduce. There is no manner of doubt that the first comers contracted frequent marriages with the neighbouring Indians; and the complexion and physiognomy of the people indicate this mixture here, more than in the other cities of Brazil, for instance, in Maranh o and Bahia. Many whites have, however, at all times settled here. The capitania of S. Paulo, formerly called S. Vicente, was resorted

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

so pale as that of most of the Brazilian women, and they are on that account reckoned to be the handsomest women of Brazil.* Reflection and a disposition to subtile investigations, are said to characterise the Paulistas; and, in fact, they * A popular proverb describing the character of several provinces, extols the women of S. Paulo above all others. It says at Bahia are to be praised Elles n o Ellas, in Pernambuco Ellas n o Elles, in S. Paulo Ellas e Ellas. [page]

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

west of Benguela, are said to become the most easily used to the climate. The taste for European luxuries has by no means made so much progress among the inhabitants of S. Paulo as with the more opulent citizens of Bahia, Pernambuco, and Maranh o. Convenience and cleanliness are more attended to than elegance and splendour in their household arrangements; and instead of the light North American furniture and French looking-glasses, which are seen in the other provinces, we found in the

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

, particularly of the family of the ounces, of which we were told; and lastly, the salubrity of the climate would probably have induced us to extend our journey still farther to the south, into countries hitherto unknown and unvisited by any European traveller; but we feared that we should have too little time left to examine the proper mine country, and the capitania of Bahia, or that we should miss the best season of the year. [page] 8

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

militia of whites, seven of mulattoes, and four of free negroes.* Almost all kinds of trades are carried on here, the principal of which are the saddlers, tinmen, and blacksmiths; there are likewise manufactories of gunpowder, beaver hats, and pottery. No other town in the interior of Brazil has such a brisk trade as Villa Rica. There are roads from this place by way of S. Jo o d'El Rey to S. Paulo; by Minas Novas to Bahia; by S. Rom o, Tejuco, Malhada, to Paracut , Goyaz, and Matto grosso

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

Brant Pontes, of Bahia, there were reckoned in Minas Gera s, in the year 1820, 456,675 free, and 165,210 slaves; in all 621,885 inhabitants. The comarca of Oiro Preto or Villa Rica, contained, according to Mr. Von Eachwege (loc. cit.), in the year 1813, 72,209 inhabitants, though, according to a list quoted by him, it had, in 1776, 78,618, that is 6,409 more. Mr. Von Eachwege justly cinsiders the decrease of the gold-washing, and the consequent diminution in the number of negro slaves imported, as

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

, does not extend over the whole capitania of Minas, because several of the most northern districts belong to the archbishopric of Bahia.* We here became acquainted with Dr. L. J. de Godoy Torres, who has resided for many years at Mariana, as physician to the district He described the climate of Mariana as warmer, and therefore less healthy than Villa Rica. * See Note, p.267. VOL. II. P [page] 21

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

, are extremely important to the botanist by their richness, particularly in numerous medicinal plants. The genuine ipecacuanha root (Poaija) is found here in pretty large quantities; it belongs to a low shrub (Cepha lis Ipecacuanha, Rich.) which grows, and always in groups, on the greater part of the Serra do Mar, from Rio de Janeiro to the north, as far as the capitania of Bahia, in damp shady places in the woods. Now, in the month of April, the plant had berries nearly [page] 22

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

the fazenda of the guarda m r, which stands on a projection, resembling at a distance a magnificent fort, and commands all the adjacent country. When we arrived in the spacious court-yard, the master of the house cordially bid us welcome; and, after he had shown us the beautiful prospect * Curamur , poema epico do descubrimento da Bahia, composta por Fr. Jos de S. Rita Dura . Lisboa, 1781. 8vo. T 4 [page] 28

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

bottom was found at a less depth than seven hundred feet, he judged it prudent to keep farther off the coast during the night. The small coasting vessels which sail backwards and forwards during the whole year between Bahia and Rio de Janeiro, do not always keep to the east of that dangerous chain of shallows and cliffs, but, when the wind is not favourable to carry them out to sea, often remain very near the coast I 4 [page] 12

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

Corografia Brasilica, printed at Rio, in two volumes; a work which, it is true, has many imperfections with respect to order precision, and correctness, especially in treating of subjects of natural history, but, as the first compendium of a general geography of Brazil, is of great use, and has been almost literally translated into English.* At present only two newspapers are published in the whole kingdom: in the capital, the Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro; and, in Bahia, a paper under the title of

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

mine; his serene highness the Prince of Neuwied was at that time travelling along the sea-coast from Rio to Bahia, with Messrs. Freyreiss and Sellow; Auguste de Saint Hilaire who had travelled a year before with Mr. Langsdorff to Villa Rica, after the latter had been obliged to return on account of business, and visited several other parts of the province of Minas, the Indian settlements of Passainha, Tejuco, and the Rio de S. Francisco, at Salgado, was just then on his return to the capital

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

ponaceous matter. There are here many species of still higher trees, which are used, for burning into charcoal. These manufactories are managed in exactly the same manner as in Europe, principally in the driest months from July to September, and are very profitable on account of the scarcity of firewood for the use of the city. They now begin to be carried on with activity, since Mr. Feldner has proved, by examining the coal mines near Bahia, that very little is to be expected from them. From

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

the ground by means of short pegs, a little salted and dried in the sun. The flesh cut into thin strips, rubbed with salt, and dried in the air, is an important article of exportation, from the harbours of S. Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, to the cities in the north, particularly to Rio de Janeiro, Bahia, Pernambuco, and Maranh o, where, under the names of Carne seca do Sert o, Passoca or Carne charqueda, it constitutes an essential part of the subsistence of all the Brazilians, but especially

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

of every province. The price of these animals, which is from twelve to five and twenty piastres, is hereby doubled and tripled by the time they get from this place to the northern capitanias of Bahia, Pernambuco, and Ceara, to which droves are sometimes led through the interior of Minas, particularly along the Rio de S. Francisco. Mules from Spanish America, which are much handsomer, taller and stronger, are but seldom seen in Brazil, their importation being prohibited. A traveller who intends to

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

inferior sort of the stones fit for cutting, is sold at 320 rees; of the best, at 2000 rees. Remarkably large beautiful and brilliant stones are sold upon the spot from twenty to thirty piasters. The greater part of these topazes is exported from this place to Rio de Janeiro, a smaller portion to Bahia, and in both places so great a quantity has been accumulated within a few years, that the prices there are lower than at the mine itself. Together with the topaz, the euklase is also found [page] 16

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

the most abundant in this formation, and either in very small grains and crystals nidulating in the layers of clay and lithomarge, or as a coating on brown iron-stone, or embedded in it in folia. This formation is prevalent, not only here and in general in Minas Gera s, where they pretend that diamonds have been found in it*, but also occurs in several parts of the capitanias of S. Paulo, Goyaz, and Bahia, where it is everywhere supposed to contain gold. Below this iron-stone fl tz lies, in

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

subordinate in it. A similar modification of granite occurs also in Brazil, namely, in the Serra do Mar, in the province of S. Paulo (according to Varnbagen's observation in Eachwege's Journal, vol. ii. p.241.), and in several places of the capitania of Bahia. NOTE 5. The quartzy, granular mica-slate, elastic quartz, flexible sandstone, or quartz-slate of the Morro de Villa Rica, consists of a greyish and reddish white, not unfrequently smoky grey, fine and very fine-grained quartz; and of a

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

it now bears. The Praya-vermelha was formerly called for this reason, Porto de Martin Affonso. It is uncertain who it was that first visited this part of the coast of Brazil, but it appears that Joa de Solis was the first who put in here in 1515. When Fernando de Magalhaens, with his fellow-countryman Ruy Falleiro, sailed along the whole east coast of South America, he anchored here in December 1519, and gave to the bay the name of Bahia de St. Lucia. Martin Alfonso soon left the place again

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A560 Beagle Library: Spix, Johann Baptist von and Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von. 1824. Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817-1820. 2 vols. [Two volumes in one] London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. Text

shoemakers, whose trades are in some respects considered as the meanest, are exempted form it. A sumptuary tax on every four or two wheeled carriage (in Maranh o it is 12,000 and 10,000 rees) is also destined for the bank. Another tax is livied on sugar-mills and distilleries; it varies in the different provinces.(In Maranh o they pay 3200 rees for every sugar-mill (engenho de moer canna), in Bahia 4000 rees for every alembic.) Decima; 10 per cent. on the annual revenue of houses and other real

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

sending the Portuguese troops to the mother country, and the extraordinary expenses incurred by the war of Bahia, and various military works erected for the defence of the capital, have easily absorbed the amount of revenue; but should Brazil remain in a state of quiet for a short time, and affairs be well conducted, the treasury will eventually be in a flourishing state. On the departure of the Portuguese troops, the country, with the exception of the militia, was without any organized force for

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

other provinces, was resisted by Bahia, and on a reference to the Cortes, the latter province was declared to have acted properly. Thus, on the principle of divide, et impera, Portugal endeavoured to prevent any union amongst her transatlantic possessions. The Portuguese troops remaining at Rio de Janeiro, having shewn a disposition to serve either party, as opportunities might present themselves, were embarked for Europe. This circumstance, and the reports of those who had made an attempt to be

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

entering farther into the disputes, and abundant causes of irritation between the two countries, I shall merely add that this wish appearing unanimous, and the enthusiasm of the people excited to the utmost, it was determined to proclaim the Prince Regent, Constitutional Emperor of Brazil. The acclamation was postponed until the 12th October, the anniversary of his Royal Highness's birth-day, which took place in all parts of the empire, excepting Bahia, which still groaned under the Portuguese

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

have been laid up ever since. Considering the quantity of excellent building materials abounding in the country, little upon the whole has been done; and Portugal, at some time or other, may deeply regret the sluggish apathy that has permitted the almost entire decay of her navy. At Bahia, some degrees to the northward, a few vessels have been built on slips, and among them one small frigate; another was constructed near the settlement of Goa; these are the only vessels completed of late years by

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

more than probable that the first specimens brought to Europe by Dombey were procured here, and not in Peru, according to the hitherto received opinion. In Lima I could never discover that this mineral was known there. It may not be in this place improper to mention the organic remains of a large animal found near the Rio das Contas, in the province of Bahia, while some workmen were employed in making a tank for cattle. The bones covered a space of seventy feet. The ribs were thirteen inches

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

in two or three provinces, the different captaincies allowing no returns to the capital; but since the surrender of Bahia the receipts have been again made to Rio de Janeiro. Taking into account every source of revenue, and reasoning from some certain data, and others supposititious, the true state of the revenue may be arrived at. The government, to its honour, has kept perfect faith with the public creditor for debts contracted by the old government, and this too at a time when, from a variety

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

the parent state. Brazil was fully alive to the importance of the King's visit to the western continent, and hailed his arrival with acclamations. Bahia, the first port visited by his Majesty, exerted every nerve to induce him to stay, offering to build a palace, and render the city in every way worthy of his residence. In spite, however, of these temptations, he entered Rio de Janeiro in 1808. What the actual state of Brazil would have been, if the inordinate ambition of Buonaparte had not

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

discontent prevailed in every quarter. In 1817, disturbances commenced in Lisbon, and extended themselves across the Atlantic to Pernambuco, Bahia, and other places; and but for the energy of the Conde dos Arcos, go [page] 10

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

vernor of Bahia, it is not improbable that Brazil would have been revolutionized. The rebellion was put down, but not without the loss of some of the best heads in these captaincies. After this revolt the state remained quiet, but not regardless of passing events; and when, in 1820, the Spanish revolution commenced, every one was convinced it would soon infect the neighbouring state, already borne down by circumstances and anxious for any change which might ameliorate her condition. Portugal

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

to Portugal, that he should be able to restore tranquillity, and continue to wield the sceptre of both empires. The ministry resolved therefore to temporise with the Cortes, and promising that the Prince should return to Lisbon, trusted at the same time that the residence of the King would maintain the existing order of things in Brazil. The year of 1821 commenced with a revolution at Par , effected by the soldiery in a similar manner to that of Oporto. Bahia and Pernambuco followed this

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A332.1 Beagle Library: Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 - 20 - 21: containing an account of the present state of Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Chile. 2 vols. London: John Murray. vol. 1. Text Image

Ayres had caused a brace of pistols and a blunderbuss to be made from it and presented to the President of the United States. I obtained some specimens with the iron crystalized in octaedra. It differs from that of Siberia in having no earthy mineral embedded in it; agreeing in this respect with the mass found near Bahia. The surface was not much tarnished, but very irregular. The workmen complained much of its toughness. Like all the other masses which have been discovered in various parts of

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A732.01 Beagle Library: Stevenson, William Bennet. 1825. A historical and descriptive narrative of twenty years' residence in South America: containing the travels in Arauco, Chile, Peru, and Colombia; with an account of the revolution, its rise, progress, and results. 3 vols. London: Hurst, Robinson & Co. Text

have been accustomed to the scorching sun and suffocating heat of Bahia, on the opposite side of the Continent, or to those of Carthagena, in the same latitude, are astonished at the mild and almost equable climate of Lima. The fol [page] 15

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A732.01 Beagle Library: Stevenson, William Bennet. 1825. A historical and descriptive narrative of twenty years' residence in South America: containing the travels in Arauco, Chile, Peru, and Colombia; with an account of the revolution, its rise, progress, and results. 3 vols. London: Hurst, Robinson & Co. Text

; he had preserved or obtained from the wreck a musket and some ammunition, with which he both terrified and pleased the indians, who called him Camaruru, the man of fire, and elected him their king. He taught them several things of which they were before ignorant (as did Manco Capac and Mama Oclle the Peruvians); he was alive at the conquest of the country, and was carried to Portugal, when Emanuel granted him a valley near to Bahia, independent of the crown. Don Santos is the brother of the

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A816 Beagle Library: Nuñez, Ignacio Benito. 1825. An account, historical, political, and statistical, of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata: with an appendix concerning the usurpation of Monte Video by the Portuguese and Brazilian governments. London: R. Ackerman. Text

, that the rivalry alluded to was never carried to such an extent as the invaders have attempted to assert. Since the time of the Spaniards, there has been rivalry between Monte Video and Buenos Ayres, but merely the rivalry of locality, a rivalry similar to what has existed and still exists between Janeiro and Bahia, and between one town and another in the same country. It is said, that after the revolution, the rivalry was carried to such a pitch, as to cause hostilities to take place between the

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A892 Beagle Library: Weddell, James. 1825. A voyage towards the South Pole performed in the years 1822-24. Containing an examination of the Antarctic Sea, to the seventy-fourth degree of latitude: and a visit to Tierra del Fuego, with a particular account of the inhabitants. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. Text

. trade wind. On the 7th November in the longitude of 30 we crossed the equator. The trade wind being far southerly we passed Cape St. Augustine, on the coast of Brazil, within 100 miles. On the 14th, in latitude 14 S., we closed with a Portuguese schooner, having a cargo of slaves, bound to Bahia, and' I boarded her. My officers were seriously impressed with the idea of making her a prize; but I was aware that we could not legally do so. This inability I much regretted, as we were of sufficient

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

La distance du cap Frio au cap San-Thom est de 79 milles; et la direction d'un point l'autre, le Nord 46 Est. La distance du cap San-Thom au groupe des Abrolhos est de 272 milles; et la direction interm diaire, le Nord 28 Est. La distance des Albrolhos au cap Saint-Antoine de Bahia est de 300 milles; et la direction, le Nord 2 Est. La distance totale de Rio Janeiro Bahia, par la route la plus courte, est donc de 716 ou 720 milles. [page] 12

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

comte DOS ARCOS, ministre de la marine en 1819, le comte DE VIANA, vice-amiral, gentilhomme de la chambre du roi, le comte DE PALMA, capitaine g n ral de la province de Bahia, D. Luiz DO REGO-BARRETO, capitaine g n ral de la province de Pernambuco, et D. Bernardo DE SILVEIRA PINTO DE FONSECA, capitaine g n ral de la province de Maranhan, la m me poque, de recevoir l'expression de mes remerciemens. [page] 2

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

dans plusieurs parties, les vaisseaux, mouill s sur d'excellens fonds, r sisteraient tous les vents, en m me temps que la fertilit des c tes environnantes leur procurerait abondamment toutes les ressources qu'il est possible de desirer. D tails sur la ville de San-Salvador. Au c t oriental de l'entr e principale, la terre s' l ve en amphith tre depuis le rivage. La ville de San-Salvador, qu'on d signe aussi souvent par le nom de Bahia, comme la baie m me, y occupe un grand espace et renferme

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

, poisson sec, fruits et l gumes des tropiques. Enfin l'air est tr s-sain Bahia; les hauts de la ville sur-tout sont de la plus parfaite salubrit , et, sous un tr s-grand nombre de rapports, cette baie est une des plus salutaires et des plus agr ables qu'on puisse choisir. Route pour sortir de Bahia. La route pour sortir de Bahia est indiqu e par ce qui a t dit pour entrer. Il faut cotoyer la terre, d'un demi-mille un mille de distance, jusque par le travers l'Ouest du fanal du cap Saint-Antoine

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

l'Est du cap ou morro San-Paulo, on n'a pas eu le fond non plus avec une ligne de cent vingt brasses. Des c tes situ es entre Bahia et la pointe d'Olinda. De Bahia Olinda, la c te n'est pas moins accore. A neuf lieues dans l'Est de la Torre de Garcia de Avila, la profondeur est d j de cent quatre-vingts brasses; la m me distance dans l'Est de la petite embouchure ou barra de Itapicuru, elle est aussi de plus de deux cents brasses; elle exc de cent quatre-vingt dix brasses, vingt lieues de Rio

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

Description de la c te au Nord du morro Saint-Paul. Dans le Nord du morro Saint-Paul, la c te est basse, sablonneuse et bord e de r cifs; elle forme une anse profonde, apr s quoi elle revient au Nord-Est, se joindre, au moins en apparence, avec les terres plus lev es de l' le Itaporica, qui forme la rive occidendale de la principale entr e de la baie de Tous les Saints, vulgairement appel e Bahia. Fausse entr e de Bahia. La separation entre la c te Ouest de cette le et le continent forme ce

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

. Dans la mousson du Sud seulement, et principalement dans les mois de juillet, ao t et septembre, les vents, passant quelquefois au Sud-Ouest, p n trent dans la baie et y am nent du large une grosse houle qui est tr s-incommode, sur-tout dans les reversemens de mar e. Mais ces circonstances ne sont pas durables; elles arrivent ordinairement pendant les nouvelles et pleines lunes, et ne subsistent gu re au-del de trois ou quatre jours cons cutifs. Ressources que les marins peuvent trouver Bahia

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

CHAPITRE VI. DESCRIPTION de la baie de Tous les Saints, on Bahia. Instruction pour entrer dans cette baie et pour en sortir. Precautions prendre dans les deux moussons pour enter Bahia. NOUS venons de dire que les b timens qui se destinent pour la baie de Tous les Saints, pendant la mousson du Sud, doivent att rir sur le morro Saint-Paul, et nous avons d crit ce cap et donn sa position. Dans la mousson dite du Nord, il convient de reconna tre la terre, quelques lieues dans le Nord de la pointe

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

S. O. Paranahyba de Norte ( le clother de la ville) 7. 6. 3. 37. 13. 15. Fort Cabedello 6. 57. 50. 37. 10. 26. glise de Santa-Theresa 6. 56. 57. 37. 13. 12. Pointe Lucena 6. 53. 35. 37. 12. 50. 4 30 N.O. sur son parall le. Bahia da Trai a (la pointe Nord) 6. 41. 15. 37. 17. 38. Bahia Fermosa (la pointe Sud ) 6. 23. 12. 37.20.27. Rio Cunha ( pointe sur la rive gauche ) 6. 17. 10. 37. 23. 40. Pointe Pipa (mondrain) 6. 12. 53. 37. 23. 57. Anse de Prinji (mondrain ) 6. 10. 12. 37. 27. 0 Pointe

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

du fort do Mar, et sur laquelle ils disent qu'on ne trouve pas plus de trois brasses et demie d'eau, de basse mer. Mani re dont on doit affourcher Bahia. Le meilleur endroit, dans le mouillage des b timens de guerre, est par le travers de l'ob lisque du jardin public; on affourche sur la direction Nord-Nord-Est et Sud-Sud-Ouest, qui est celle du flot et du jusant. Les vents qui r gnent sur cette rade. Il est rare que les vents r gnans, pendant le jour, ne permettent pas de venir mouiller

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A824 Beagle Library: Roussin, Albin-René. 1827. Le pilote du Brésil, ou description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale. Paris: Imprimerie Royale. Text PDF

abondamment que dans le Nord-Est, en s'approchant de terre. A trois lieues de la c te, dans les directions comprises entre le Sud et l'Est- Sud-Est du cap Saint-Antoine, on n'a plus le fond quarante-cinq brasses, et un peu plus loin, dans cette m me direction, on le perd tout- -fait. Apparence des terres de Bahia; Toutes les terres qui composent le promontoire termin au Sud par le cap Saint-Antoine, sont d'une assez belle l vation, comparativement celles de l'autre c t de la baie; leur aspect est