CUL-DAR67.19-22    Note:    [1877].07.00--[1877].10.00   Sea kale / Leaf with Blue which had been cleaned by F[rank] on July 27 &   Text   Image

Sea-Kale 1877 Sept. 16th. I observed a multitude of dark Halticæ on the Sea-kale cabbage-leaves, these no doubt cause of punctures. (― 16 counted punctures on a leaf with blue White-mark no marked difference in withering of either side both rather fresh. — On left side with bloom 202 punctures holes: on right cleaned side 863 do. — carefully counted.) (Sept 27th leaf marked blue — the 2 oth sides about equally slightly decayed. On left side 460 punctures — on right cleaned side 924.) (Oct 1

CUL-DAR67.19-22    Note:    [1877].07.00--[1877].10.00   Sea kale / Leaf with Blue which had been cleaned by F[rank] on July 27 &   Text   Image

Sea-Kale 1877 Sept 11th Two of the leaves which had been cleaned had so much bloom on upper surface that looked as if never had been cleaned; Lettington cleaned this morning only the upper surfaces of both; added black wool to the Blue braid If I have any other evidence of reappearance of bloom, this is a first rate case, but odd how very unequally the leaves renew bloom. These 2 leaves now recleaned have extremely few punctures on right side. — Sept 16 I observe much bloom renewed on some

CUL-DAR209.2.104-107    Note:    1877.07.14--1877.09.09   Mimosa albida [with diagram] [application of water, sulphuric ether]   Text   Image

much as in last case [annotated sketch] On 2d page of diagrams — the lines parallel to red show relative position of axis, primary petiole, pinnæ before being syringed, blue lines show position after being syringed. I might give diagram of 1st leaf by assuming that pinnae formed angle of 149° with primary after syringing an angle of 90°. [106

CUL-DAR66.158    Note:    [1877].08.13--1878.02.01   Cotyledon orbiculata (var cristata) / 9h 30 — Cleaned both surfaces of 3   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [158] Cotyledon orbiculata (var. cristata). Aug 13th 9˚ 30' — Cleaned both surfaces of 3 leaves Blue dots on margin. Aug 30th bloom not renewed Sept 22d a little renewed, especially on under sides of leaves: sponged the leaves again Nov. 22 I can see no injury to cleaned leaves. — Feb 15 1 (78) do

CUL-DAR66.156-157    Note:    1877.08.13--1877.11.22   Cotyledon (Echeveria) pulverulenta / old Plant   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [156] Aug 13 9˚ 30' Cotyledon (Echeveria) pulverulenta old Plant 1877 2 leaves (one of which had before 1/2 open surface) the other had water on it now had whole of both upper lower surface cleaned. (The bloom forms a cake which can be cracked of like whitewash— can be knocked off by drop of water.) Leonard marked with Re Blue dot. Sept. 22d. I cannot see that any bloom removed, or any injury to leaves wherever it was removed. Nov. 22 I can see no

CUL-DAR66.156-157    Note:    1877.08.13--1877.11.22   Cotyledon (Echeveria) pulverulenta / old Plant   Text   Image

Cotyledon. pulverulenta of Aug 10th This must be false name (I think orbiculata) (rounded leaves opposites not turning red like kind with pointed leaves. —) Aug 13th. 9˚ 30' — cleaned both surfaces of 3 leaves. — Blue dots on edge. Aug. 30th Bloom on Both surfaces perfectly removed so that younger cleaned leaf cd. not be distinguished from opposite one which had not been cleaned; the bloom on an older leaf partially removed. Aug. 30th 10˚. 45' cleaned right half, upper lower surface of same

CUL-DAR133.18.1    Printed:    1877.09.00   The colours of animals and plants I `Macmillan's Magazine' 36: 384-408   Text   Image   PDF

exceptional. As a rule there is no direct connection between the colours of organisms and the kind of light to which they are usually exposed. This is well seen in most fishes, and in such marine animals as porpoises, whose backs are always dark, although this part is exposed to the blue and white light of the sky and clouds, while their bellies are very generally white, although these are constantly subjected to the deep blue or dusky green light from the bottom. It is evident, however, that these

CUL-DAR133.18.1    Printed:    1877.09.00   The colours of animals and plants I `Macmillan's Magazine' 36: 384-408   Text   Image   PDF

often shows no approximation whatever to the varied tints of her partner. Similar phenomena occur among butterflies; and in both these classes there are also a considerable number of cases in which both sexes are highly coloured in a different way. Thus many woodpeckers have the head in the male red, in the female yellow; while some parrots have red spots in the male, replaced by blue in the female, as in Psittacula diopthalma. In many South American Papilios green spots on the male are represented

CUL-DAR133.18.1    Printed:    1877.09.00   The colours of animals and plants I `Macmillan's Magazine' 36: 384-408   Text   Image   PDF

sensation of colour. When all the colour-producing rays are reflected in due proportion the colour of the object is white, when all are absorbed the colour is black. If blue rays only are absorbed the resulting colour is orange-red; and generally, whatever colour an object appears to us, it is because the complementary colours are absorbed by it. The reason why rays of only certain refrangibilities are reflected and the rest of the incident light absorbed by each substance, is supposed to depend upon

CUL-DAR133.18.1    Printed:    1877.09.00   The colours of animals and plants I `Macmillan's Magazine' 36: 384-408   Text   Image   PDF

among vertebrate animals. I will only mention here a very interesting case not given in my former work. In his delightful book entitled The Naturalist in Nicaragua, Mr. Belt tells us that there is in that country a frog which is very abundant, which hops about in the day-time, which never hides himself, and which is gorgeously coloured with red and blue. Now frogs are usually green, brown, or earth-coloured, feed mostly at night, and are all eaten by snakes and birds. Having full faith in the

CUL-DAR209.14.43-44    Draft:    1877.10.06--1877.10.07   Marsilea quadrifolia / Proof sheet of Forms of flowers, p. 68, published p. 133.   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [43 44] Marsilea — Oct 7' in Study (1) [data not transcribed] F. 170 (2/3 scale 5 sets of lettering in ink with blue lines) Marsilea quadrifolia; circumnutation sleep movement of a leaflet, trace [during] only 24 hr Kept at a rather low temperature Pm traced on vertical glass day one 24 hr. [one line illeg] [44v

CUL-DAR209.4.329-331    Draft:    1877.12.13   Phalaris canariensis / Draft of Cross and self fertilisation.   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [331] Fig 37. [figure pasted on] Phalaris canariensis Left Hand Plant Fig 37. (1/2 scale no lettering) Tips pointed which use blue mark below Phalaris canariensis: circumnutation of cotyledon traced on horizontal glass, from 8˚35' a.m. to 8˚. 43 P.m Nov. 16, position movement next morning shown from 7˚ 25' to 8˚ 45 a.m. ─ Tracing magnified 7 times or 3 1/2 in figure engraved Fig. 38 [figure pasted on] Dec 13 Canary-grass ─ seedling about 1/20 High

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

change of colour and adaptation are, however, rare and quite exceptional. As a rule, there is no direct connection between the colours of organisms and the kind of light to which they are usually exposed. This is well seen in most fishes and in such marine animals as porpoises, whose backs are always dark, although this part is exposed to the blue and white light of the sky and clouds, while their bellies are very generally white, although these are constantly subjected to the deep blue or dusky

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

, where they congregated to imbibe the moisture. They were of almost all colours, sizes, and shapes; I noticed here altogether eighty species, belonging to twenty-two distinct genera. The most abundant, next to the very common sulphur-yellow and orange-coloured kinds, were about a dozen species of Eunica, which are of large size and conspicuous from their liveries of glossy dark blue and purple. A superbly adorned creature, the Callithea Markii, having wings of a thick texture, coloured sapphire

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

when sitting on leaves resemble large beetles more than frogs, while others are adorned with bright and staring colours; and these, as Mr. Belt has discovered, have nauseous secretions which render them uneatable, so that they have no need to conceal themselves. Some of these are bright blue, others are adorned with yellow stripes, or have a red body with blue legs. Of the smaller tree-frogs of the tropics there must be hundreds of species still unknown to naturalists. Mammals Monkeys. The highest

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

to the varied tints of her partner. Similar phenomena occur among butterflies; and in both these groups there are also a considerable number of cases in which both sexes are highly coloured in a different way. Thus many woodpeckers have the head in the male red, in the female yellow; while some parrots have red spots in the male, replaced by blue in the female, as in Psittacula diopthalma. In many South American Papilios, green spots on the male are represented by red on the female; and in

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

mimicry, because all are alike protected by the nauseous secretion which renders them unpalatable to birds. In another series of genera (Catagramma, Callithea, and Agrias) all belonging to the Nymphalidæ, we have the most vivid blue ground, with broad bands of orange, crimson or a different tint of blue or purple, exactly reproduced in corresponding, yet unrelated species, occurring in the same locality; yet, as none of these groups are known to be specially protected, this can hardly be true

F1251    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1878. The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

took after their mother, and were red-coloured. But on two of the plants the flowers were plainly stained with blue, and to such a degree in one case as to be almost intermediate in tint. The crossed seeds of the two foregoing kinds and the self-fertilised were sown on the opposite sides of two large pots, and the seedlings were measured when fully grown, as shown in the two following tables: Table XCII. Anagallis collina. Red variety crossed by a distinct Plant of the Red Variety, and Red

F1251    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1878. The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

-stems on the self-fertilised plants 7 37 inches; or as 100 to 74. The self-fertilised plants were miserable specimens, whilst the crossed ones looked very vigorous. ANAGALLIS. Anagallis collina, var. grandiflora (pale red and blue-flowered sub-varieties). Firstly, twenty-five flowers on some plants of the red variety were crossed with pollen from a distinct plant of the same variety, and produced ten capsules; thirty-one flowers were fertilised with their own pollen, and produced eighteen capsules

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

, individual rainfalls are often exceedingly heavy. The greatest fall recorded at Batavia during three years was three inches and eight-tenths in one hour,1 but this was quite exceptional, and even half this quantity is very unusual. The greatest rainfall recorded in twentyfour hours is seven inches and a quarter; but more than four inches in one day occurs only on two or three occasions in a year. The blue colour of the sky is probably not so intense as in many parts of the temperate zone, while the

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

over with scales and spangles of metallic green, deepening occasionally into blue or golden or deep red spots. Others again have spots and markings as of molten silver or gold, while several have changeable hues, like shot-silk or richly-coloured opal. The form of the wings, again, often attracts attention. Tailed hind-wings occur in almost all the families, but vary much in character. In some the tails are broadly spoon-shaped, in others long and pointed. Many have double or triple tails, and

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

-bees, but have broad, flat, shining bodies, either black or banded with blue; and they often bore large cylindrical holes in the posts of houses. True honey-bees are chiefly remarkable in the East for their large semi-circular combs suspended from the branches of the loftiest trees without any covering. From these exposed nests large quantities of wax and honey are obtained, while the larvæ afford a rich feast to the natives of Borneo, Timor, and other islands where bees abound. They are very

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

The Longicorns are elegantly shaped beetles, usually with long antennæ and legs, varied in form and structure in an endless variety of ways, and adorned with equally varied colours, spots and markings. Some are large and massive insects three or four inches long, while others are no bigger than our smaller ants. The majority have sober colours, but often delicately marbled, veined, or spotted; while others are red, or blue, or yellow, or adorned with the richest metallic tints. Their antennæ

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

general green tint sometimes changes into light or deep blue, as in some macaws; into pure yellow or rich orange, as in some of the American macaw-parrots (Conurus); into purple, grey, or dove-colour, as in some American, African, and Indian species; into the purest crimson, as in some of the lories; into rosy-white and pure white, as in the cockatoos; and into a deep purple, ashy or black, as in several Papuan, Australian, and Mascarene species. There is in fact hardly a single distinct and

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

, and white, set off by black heads and a golden-green or rich brown upper surface. Of more slender forms, but hardly less brilliant in colour, are the jacamars and motmots of America, with the bee-eaters and rollers of the East, the latter exhibiting tints of pale blue or verditor-green, which are very unusual. The barbets are rather clumsy fruit-eating birds, found in all the great tropical regions except that of the Austro-Malay islands; and they exhibit a wonderful variety as well as strange

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

, the Erythrinas all red; many genera of Carabidæ are entirely black; whole families of birds as the Dendrocolaptidæ are brown; while among butterflies the numerous species of Lycæna are all more or less blue, those of Pontia white, and those of Callidryas yellow. An extensive survey of the organic world thus leads us to the conclusion that colour is by no means so unimportant or inconstant a character as at first sight it appears to be; and the more we examine it the more convinced we shall

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

gorgeously coloured with red and blue. Now frogs are usually green, brown, or earth-coloured; feed mostly at night; and are all eaten by snakes and birds. Having full faith in the theory of protective and warning colours, to which [page] 17

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

sensation of white. If the rays which excite the sensation of any one colour are prevented from reaching us, the remaining rays in combination produce a sensation of colour often very far removed from white. Thus green rays being abstracted leave purple light; blue, orange-red light; violet, yellowish-green light, and so on. These pairs are termed complementary colours. And if portions of differently coloured lights are abstracted in various degrees, we have produced all those infinite gradations of

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

As examples may be mentioned mercuric oxide, which is orange yellow, but which changes to orange, red, and brown when heated; chromic-oxide, which is green, and changes to yellow; cinnabar, which is scarlet, and changes to puce; and metaborate of copper, which is blue, and changes to green and greenish yellow. How Animal Colours are Produced. The colouring matters of animals are very varied. Copper has been found in the red pigment of the wing of the turaco, and Mr. Sorby has detected no less

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

, while at the same time they become soft and often full of agreeable juices. Our red haws and hips, our black elderberries, our blue sloes, and whortleberries, our white mistletoe and snowberry, and our orange sea-buckthorn, are examples of the colour-sign of edibility; and in every part of the world the same phenomenon is found. Many such fruits are poisonous to man and to some animals, but they are harmless to others; and there is probably nowhere a brightly-coloured pulpy fruit which does not

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

sensations. Its extreme diversities and exquisite beauties seem out of proportion to the causes that are supposed to have produced them, or the physical needs to which they minister. If we look at pure tints of red, green, blue, and yellow, they appear so absolutely contrasted and unlike each other, that it is almost impossible to believe (what we nevertheless know to be the fact) that the rays of light producing these very distinct sensations differ only in wave-length and rate of vibration; and that

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

green rays having little heating power; but this can hardly be the chief cause, for the blue and violet, though they contain less heat, are not generally felt to be so cool and sedative. But when we consider how dependent are all the higher animals on vegetation, and that man himself has been developed in the closest relation to it, we shall find, probably, a sufficient explanation. The green mantle with which the earth is overspread caused this one colour to predominate over all others that

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

foliage or the blue of the sky being never once referred to. These curious facts cannot, however, be held to prove so recent an origin for colour-sensations as they would at first sight appear to do, because we have seen that both flowers and fruits have become diversely coloured in adaptation to the visual powers of insects, birds, and mammals. Red, being a very common colour of ripe fruits which attract birds to devour them and thus distribute their seeds, we may be sure that the contrast of red

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

Cethosia, a species from the small island of Waigiou (C. cyrene) is the whitest of the genus. Protho is represented by a blue species in the continental island of Java, while those inhabiting the ancient insular groups of the Moluccas and New Guinea are all pale yellow or white. The genus Drusilla, almost confined to these islands, comprises many species which are all very pale; while in the small island of Waigiou is found a very distinct genus, Hyantis, which, though differing completely in

CUL-DAR.LIB.655    Printed:    1878   Tropical nature and other essays. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

blue flowers was also plentiful; while a white-flowered Liliaceous plant formed large patches on the hill-sides. Besides these, there were two species of woody Compositæ with conspicuous heads of yellow blossoms, and [page] 27

F1251    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1878. The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

TABLE C continued. NAMES OF PLANTS AND NATURE OF THE EXPERIMENTS. Number of the Plants from a Cross with a Fresh Stock. Average Height in inches and Weight. Number of the plants from Self-fertilised of Intercrossed Parents of the same Stock. Average Height in inches and Weight. Height, Weight, and Fertility of the Plants from the Cross with a Fresh Stock taken as 100. Anagallis collina offspring from a red variety crossed by a blue variety, compared with the self-fertilised offspring of the

F1251    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1878. The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

, in the same manner as we should do. On three occasions I observed humble-bees flying in a perfectly straight line from a tall larkspur (Delphinium) which was in full flower to another plant of the same species at the distance of fifteen yards which had not as yet a single flower open, and on which the buds showed only a faint tinge of blue. Here neither odour nor the [page] 42

F1251    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1878. The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

. In the 'North American Journal of Science,' Jan. 1842, there is an account of the pollen swept off the decks of a vessel. Riley, 'Fifth Report on the Noxious Insects of Missouri,' 1873, p. 86. Kerner, 'Die Schutzmittel des Pollens,' 1873, p. 6. This author has also seen a lake in the Tyrol so covered with pollen, that the water no longer appeared blue. Mr. Blackley, 'Experimental Researches on Hay-fever,' 1873, pp. 132, 141 152. [page] 40

F1251    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1878. The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. 2d ed. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

memory of former visits could have come into play, and the tinge of blue was so faint that it could hardly have served as a guide.* The conspicuousness of the corolla does not suffice to induce repeated visits from insects, unless nectar is at the same time secreted, together perhaps with some odour emitted. I watched for a fortnight many times daily a wall covered with Linaria cymbalaria in full flower, and never saw a bee even looking at one. There was then a very hot day, and suddenly many

CUL-DAR209.3.261a-261b    Datasheet:    1878.03.07--1878.03.11   Pelargonium / Plumbago / Draft of a letter to T. H. Farrer regarding Torbitt.   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [261a] March 7th. Nutation of growing stem Pelargonium [data not transcribed] Plumbago Blue [data not transcribed] [261av

CUL-DAR209.4.144-145    Figure:    1878.05.28--1878.05.31   Cycas pectinata [fig 32x] / Proof sheet of Cross and self fertilisation.   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [144 and 145] Fig 32X Cycas Circumnutation of young leaf, at first traced on Horizontal glass ─ fully illuminated from above. (Scale 2/3 no lettering, except the 2 in Blue circles) Tracing B 5˚ P.m. mg From evening of 28th to 11˚a.m on 31st (easy magnified 7 times.) reduced to 2/3 in figure here given. [145v

CUL-DAR67.53    Note:    1878.07.00--1878.12.00   Acacia retinoides 4 Phyllodia sponged both sides with tepid water both   Text   Image

(Brown w. Branch) Lower leaf with blue black w. — whole lower surface dotted stem on side of this upper black w. leaf — Of leaves below 2 badly affected yellowish decaying — One leaf above between this next black w. not affected (Aug 29th this leaf has upper half almost dead withered. Sept 3d it came off with a touch — not one of marked leaves above or below as fallen, so 3 have now fallen no others. — on Brown w. Branch. 4 white threads above 4 below 1 intermediate. Upper black w. leaf lower

CUL-DAR67.54    Note:    1878.08.19   Bloom on leaves [observations on many species]   Text   Image

— both repellent Holly — broad-leaved — both surfaces repellent Phyllosaea — lower surface more repellent Epilobium weed) Andromeda Persian Lilac — lower surface rather repellent Cistus (purple) both surface wetted Calceolaria — both wetted Mahonia — slightly silvery Blue Lobelia — surfaces, especially lower one repellent Pelargonium (2 sp.) — sp with divided leaves lower surface rather repellent. Fuchsia — lower surface very repellent Begonia (large-leaved, spotted) lower surface somewhat

CUL-DAR209.7.86-87    Draft:    1878.09.14--1878.09.16   Phalaris [fig 206] / Draft of Cross and self fertilisation   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [86] Fig 206. Light Light (Phalaris) [Figure] Phalaris Right-Hand Sept 16th (1.3 scale 6 letterings Blue lines) [86v

CUL-DAR209.11.99    Figure:    1878.09.19--1878.09.20   Phalaris [fig 217]   Text   Image

(1/5 scale 4 sets of Lettering Blue lines) [99v

F1319    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1879. Preliminary notice. In Krause, E., Erasmus Darwin. Translated from the German by W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

first a parcel of blue and red glasses at the windows might gain part of the retail business on market clays, and thus get acquaintance with that class of people. I remember Mr. Green, of Lichfield, who is now growing very old, once told me his retail business, by means of his show-shop and many-coloured window, produced him £100 a year. Secondly, I remember a very foolish, garrulous apothecary at Cannock, who had great business without any knowledge or even art, except that he persuaded people

PC-Virginia-Erasmus-F1319    Printed:    1879--1880   Preliminary notice. In Krause, E., Erasmus Darwin. Translated from the German by W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin  London   Text   Image   PDF

first a parcel of blue and red glasses at the windows might gain part of the retail business on market clays, and thus get acquaintance with that class of people. I remember Mr. Green, of Lichfield, who is now growing very old, once told me his retail business, by means of his show-shop and many-coloured window, produced him £100 a year. Secondly, I remember a very foolish, garrulous apothecary at Cannock, who had great business without any knowledge or even art, except that he persuaded people

F913.1    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1879. De la variation des animaux et des plantes à l'état domestique. Traduit sur la seconde édition anglaise par Ed. Barbier; préface de Carl Vogt. Paris: C. Reinwald et Cie. vol. 1.   Text   Image   PDF

. Prune sauvage. — 2. Shrops-liire Darason. — 3. Blue Gage. — 4. Orléans. — 5. Elvas.'— 6. Denyer's Vicloria. — 7. Diamant. Downing. J'ai recueilli les noyaux de vingt-cinq variétés et y ai trouvé toutes les nuances de gradation, depuis les plus ronds et les plus mousses 73 O. C, t. II, p. 94. — Alph. de Candolle, 0. C, p. 878. — Targioni-Tozzetti, Joum. Ilorl. Soc, vol. IX, p. 164. —Babington, hlanual of Brilish Botamj, 1831, p- 87. 74 Fruits of America, p. 276, 278, 284, 310, 314. — M. Rivers

CUL-DAR209.7.53    Draft:    1879.09.02--1879.09.12   L. aphaca Ivy / Draft of Descent.   Text   Image

to sexual selection. In the moustache monkey (Ceropithicus cephus) the general colour of the fur is mottled-greenish, with the throat white and with the end of the tail in the male chestnut; but the face is the most ornamented part, the skin being chiefly bluish-grey, shading into a blackish tint beneath the eyes, and with the upper lip of a delicate blue, clothed on the lower edge a thin black [Descent 2: 310-11: Although, according to our taste, many kinds of monkeys are far from beautiful

CUL-DAR.LIB.654    Printed:    1880   Island life. London: Macmillan & Co.   Text

between the latitudes 35 and 56 N. as far as the Amoor valley. Besides these wide-ranging species there are several others which are more restricted. Parus teneriffœ, a beautiful dark blue form of our blue tit, inhabits North-west Africa and the Canaries; Parus ledouci, closely allied to our coal tit, is found only in Algeria; C 2 [page] 2