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F1552.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1904. Emma Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin. A century of family letters. Cambridge: University Press printed. Volume 1.
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evangelical clergy . CHAPTER XII. 1823 1824. Kitty Wedgwood's death A Wedgwood-Darwin party at Scarborough Visit to Sydney Smith's at Foston Rectory Winter parties at Geneva Bessy's lessening strength Her girls visiting the Swinton Hollands The Anti-slavery movement, a memorable debate in Parliament An averted duel A Confirmation at Maer Revels and flirtations Sarah Wedgwood coming to live on Maer Heath. KITTY WEDGEWOOD, the elder of Jos's two unmarried sisters, died after a long illness in the
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F1552.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1904. Emma Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin. A century of family letters. Cambridge: University Press printed. Volume 1.
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life, partly no doubt from weak health and spirits. The great debate described in the following letter, and especially Brougham's speech, formed an epoch in the history of the struggle for the abolition of slavery. Smith was a missionary clergyman in the West Indies, who had worked among the negroes. The planters accused him of having excited their discontent and incited them to rise against the whites. After an outrageously unfair trial he was convicted and sentenced to be hung; but his execution
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F1552.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1904. Emma Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin. A century of family letters. Cambridge: University Press printed. Volume 1.
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CHAPTER XIII. 1824 1826. Gertrude Allen's death at Gloucester Fanny and Emma Allen return to Cresselly The John Wedgwoods also at Gloucester, where their daughter Caroline dies The Maer family's Grand Tour A stay of five weeks at Geneva Jos with his four girls in Italy Frank Wedgwood at Maer Tour to Chamounix They reach home by October Allen Wedgwood takes possession at Maer Vicarage Anti-slavery agitation. IN the latter part of 1824 there was much family trouble. The John Wedgwoods were at
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F1552.2
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1904. Emma Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin. A century of family letters. Cambridge: University Press printed. Volume 2.
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, when I had lost the company of beloved ones. Think of Emma D. being, after long deliberation, on the side of the Federals, whom I detest with all the fire that is left me! their hypocrisy respecting slavery is most odious, and their treatment of the poor negroes atrocious. The following is written in a tiny hand on a little sheet of paper 3 x 2 : Emma Darwin to her son Leonard at school. DOWN, BROMLEV, KENT, Nov. 13, 1863. My dear Lenny, You cannot write as small as this I know. It is done with
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F1552.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1904. Emma Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin. A century of family letters. Cambridge: University Press printed. Volume 1.
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falling sick. He is going down to Maer and his water-works the end of this week, but I mean to let him go without me. Now I am in this bustle I like to stay and see a little more of it. But the thing I am most anxious to hear is the debate on Tuesday on Slavery. Macaulay's speech on the reform bill almost made me cry with admiration, and I expect his speech on so much more interesting a subject to be the finest thing that ever was heard. It is most unfortunate for this question that it should
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F1552.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1904. Emma Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin. A century of family letters. Cambridge: University Press printed. Volume 1.
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possible, and endeared herself very much to us by her affectionate feelings for Mamma and joy at her recovery. Papa is not able to come as often as he wishes, as he is on a Liverpool Committee and the Slavery Bill in the evenings; so he is only able to come on Saturdays and stay till Monday. Harriet and I went to the Ventilator to hear O'Connell's quarrel with the Reporters, whom he accuses of reporting his speeches falsely, whereupon they say now they will not report a word more of his; so now he
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F1552.2
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1904. Emma Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin. A century of family letters. Cambridge: University Press printed. Volume 2.
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, ii. 13 Slavery, abolition of, i. 241, 242 Smith, missionary among slaves in the West Indies, death of, i. 205 Smith, Emily, i. 197 Smith, Mrs Sydney, i. 196, 197; dinner with, ii. 109; editing letters of her husband, ii. 111; Fanny Allen staying with, ii. 152 Smith, Robert (Bobus), i. 121 n. Smith, Saba, i. 197 Smith, Sydney, his admiration of the Allens, i. 29; admiration of Mrs Josiah Wedgwood, i. 29, 32; visits to Maer of, i. 70; stays at Etruria, i. 117, 118; his correspondence with Lord
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A237.1
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman and Hall. vol. 1.
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to work from six in the morning to seven in the evening (with an hour and three-quarters for meals); and it was only after this task was over that instruction began. The poor children hated their slavery; many absconded; some were stunted, and even dwarfed in stature; and when their apprenticeship expired at the ages of thirteen to fifteen, they commonly went off to Glasgow or Edinburgh, with no natural guardians, and trained for swelling the mass of vice and misery in the towns. The condition
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A237.1
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman and Hall. vol. 1.
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. This terrible slavery to the smoking habit gave the final blow to my disinclination to tobacco, which has been rendered more easy to me by my generally good appetite and my thorough enjoyment of [page] 14
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A237.2
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman and Hall. vol. 2.
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with all its horrors and tyrannies, and slaveries and abominations of all kinds, has been an inevitable one accompanying the survival and spread of the strongest, and the consolidation of small tribes into large societies; and among other things, the lapse of land into private ownership has been, like the lapse of individuals into slavery, at one period of the process altogether indispensable. I do not in the least believe that from the primitive system of communistic ownership to a high and
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A237.2
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman and Hall. vol. 2.
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them slavery, both white and black a curse from the effects of which they still suffer, and out of which a wholly satisfactory escape seems as remote as ever. But even more insidious and more widespread in its evil results than both of these, we gave them our bad and iniquitous feudal land system; first by enormous grants from the Crown to individuals or to companies, but also what has produced even worse effects the ingrained belief that land the first essential of life, the source of all
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A237.2
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman and Hall. vol. 2.
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World, by Henry Olerich, an American writer, is an excellent exposition of an extreme form of what he calls co-operative individualism, which is really voluntary socialism; and I may here state for the benefit of those ignorant writers who believe that socialism must be compulsory, and speak of it as a form of slavery, that my own definition of socialism is the voluntary organization of labour for the good of all. All the best and most thoughtful writers on socialism agree in this; and for my
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A237.2
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman and Hall. vol. 2.
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unjust in distribution; that it fosters every kind of adulteration in manufacture, and almost necessitates lying in trade; that it involves the virtual slavery of the bulk of the population, and checks or destroys any real progress of the race. It also shows how, even the wealthy few, and also the members of each successive grade of comparative well-being, suffer from it socially, by the extreme restriction in each locality of possible intimate associates and friends; it shows how we can never
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A281
Pamphlet:
1908. The Darwin-Wallace celebration held on Thursday, 1st July, 1908 by the Linnean society of London. London: Printed for the Linnean Society.
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deliver them at once from a life in which they were doomed to such a miserable life of slavery . CHAPTER VIII. On the Checks to Population in the different Parts of Africa. Pages 158-164. The description, which Bruce gives of some parts of the country which he passed through on his return home, presents a picture more dreadful even than the state of Abyssinia, and shows how little population depends on the birth of children, in comparison of the production of food and those circumstances of
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A279
Pamphlet:
Darwin, George and Francis Darwin eds. 1909. Darwin celebration, Cambridge, June, 1909. Speeches delivered at the banquet held on June 23rd. Cambridge: Cambridge Daily News.
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been able to sleep; and with a few kind words he left me. What especially impressed me was his hatred of slavery. I remember his talking with horror of his sleepless nights when he could not keep out of his mind some incidents from Olmsted's Journeys in the Slave States, a book he had lately been reading; and in many of his letters to Professor Asa Gray he alludes to slavery with the utmost detestation, I will not detain you with any recollections of his political opinions except to say that he
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A279
Pamphlet:
Darwin, George and Francis Darwin eds. 1909. Darwin celebration, Cambridge, June, 1909. Speeches delivered at the banquet held on June 23rd. Cambridge: Cambridge Daily News.
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on which his influence and his success as a man of science depended, and I think the quality which stands out in my mind most preeminently is his abhorrence of anything approaching to oppression or cruelty, and especially of slavery; combined with this he had an enthusiasm for liberty of the individual and for liberal principles. I can give you one or two illustrations, which are very slight in themselves, but one of them has remained impressed on my memory since early boyhood. There was living
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Thus Darwin, from the horrors he had witnessed in South America, had come to entertain a most fanatical hatred of slavery his abhorrence of which he used to express in most unmeasured terms. Lyell, in his travels in the Southern United States, was equally convinced of the undesirability of the institution; but he thought it just to state the grounds on which it was defended, by those who had been his hosts in the Slave-states. Even this, however, was too much for Darwin, and he felt that he
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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11; contrast of their views with those of Milton, 12, 13 Criticisms of the Principles of Geology, 68, 69, 70, 71; of the Origin of Species, 132-139 CUVIER, his strong support of Catastrophism, 31, 46, 50, 102 DARWIN, CHARLES, nobility of character, 3; his use of term 'Creation,' 11; on grandeur of idea of Evolution, 12; his devotion to Lyell and the Principles of Geology, 63, 73-75, 78; his horror of slavery, 76; opposition to Catastrophism, 77; opinion of Lamarck's works, 90, 91; on the
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A34
Book:
Judd, J. W. 1910. The coming of evolution: The story of a great revolution in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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SHIPLEY, A. E., estimate of number of species of animals, 10 Slavery, views of Lyell and Darwin, 76 SMITH, W., influence of his teaching on Geological Society, 27 SOLLAS, W. J., on Evolution and Uniformitarianism, 152, 153 Species, origin of idea of, 9; number of species of animals, 10; of plants, 11 Struggle for existence, Lyell on, 103, 107; de Candolle on, 107 Theory of the Earth, Hutton's, 17; Scrope's 36 THOMPSON, G. P., see Scrope, 33 Time geological, Lyell on, 154; Lamarck on, 155
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F3515
Periodical contribution:
Darwin, C. R. 1910. [Manuscript facsimile: 'the percentage system takes no account of relationship of organisms, when all species different']. In T. D. A. Cockerell, The Darwin celebration at Cambridge. The Popular Science Monthly 76 (January): 23-31.
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that in trying to think out his father's characteristics, the one which came most prominently before his mind was his abhorrence of anything approaching oppression or cruelty, and especially of slavery. Almost the only occasion when he had known him to be angry was when a subject of this sort was brought before him. He also spoke of the way in which Darwin treated his children, playing with them when they were young, and later treating them with entire trust and freedom. It was rather touching to
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F1553.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1792-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 1
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sorbed very much by her interest in favour of the Blacks. She spends a great deal in the circulation of anti-slavery publications, and she has herself written or compiled a little pamphlet for the benefit of those who are not sufficiently interested in the subject to seek for information among the many books that are written. We have established a Ladies Society at Newcastle, but we don't meet with much success among the higher gentry. The set below them (our Rue Basse) is much more
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F1553.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1792-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 1
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year: Nothing can be more modest than he is; indeed I wish he would come in sometimes without being asked. He is so thoroughly amiable that one gets fond of him. One constant interest of the Maer family during these years was the anti-slavery agitation. Bessy wrote (March 13, 1826): We are exceedingly interested in the abolition of slavery. Jos has exerted himself wonderfully for a man of his retired habits in getting up a County Petition, and has succeeded and it has been presented. We have
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F1553.2
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1702-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 2
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next morning at seven o'clock he came to my bedside and laid how sorry he was that he had been so angry, and that he had not been able to sleep; and with a few kind words he left me. What especially impressed me was his hatred of slavery. I remember his talking with horror of his sleepless nights when he could not keep out of his mind some incidents from Olmsted's Journeys in the Slave States, a book he had lately been reading; and in many of his letters to Professor Asa Gray he alludes to
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F1553.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1792-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 1
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anti-slavery agitation 165 182 CHAPTER XIV. 1826 1827. The Sismondis in England Fanny and Emma Wedgwood at Geneva Bessy and her daughter Charlotte at Ampthill Life at Geneva Sarah Wedgwood's generosity The Prince of Denmark Edward Drewe's love-affair Harry Wedgwood on French plays Fanny and Emma return home Lady Byron at Geneva ........ 183 205 CHAPTER XV. 1827 1830. The Mackintoshes at Maer A bazaar at Newcastle Bessy on the Drewe-Pr vost affair The house in York Street sold The John Wedgwoods
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F1553.2
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1702-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 2
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sunny day to cheer them. I have no doubt that both would prefer a quiet wedding-day, with no reminiscences to sadden either party, and the wedding taking place now will suit you all. Think of Emma D. being, after long deliberation, on the side of the Federals, whom I detest with all the fire that is left me! their hypocrisy respecting slavery is most odious, and their treatment of the poor negroes atrocious. The following letter is written in a tiny hand on a little sheet of paper 3 2 : Emma
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F1553.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1792-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 1
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The great debate described in the following letter, and especially Brougham's speech, formed an epoch in the history of the struggle for the abolition of slavery. Smith was a missionary clergyman in the West Indies. The planters accused him of having excited the discontent of the negroes amongst whom he had worked, and of having incited them to rise against the whites. After an outrageously unfair trial he was convicted and sentenced to be hung; but his execution was adjourned until the views
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F1553.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1792-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 1
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CHAPTER XIII 1825 1826 Fanny and Emma Allen return to Cresselly The death of Caroline Wedgwood The Grand Tour of the Josiah Wedgwoods Frank Wedgwood at Maer Their return home Allen Wedgwood Vicar of Maer The anti-slavery agitation. IN 1825 a great change took place in the lives of Emma and Fanny Allen. Their brother John's wife died after a long illness, and they returned to live at Cresselly to take care of his four children Seymour Phillips (called Bob), Harry, Johnny, and Isabella. Fanny's
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F1553.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1792-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 1
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of this week, but I mean to let him go without me. Now I am in this bustle I like to stay and see a little more of it. But the thing I am most anxious to hear is the debate on Tuesday on Slavery. Macaulay's speech on the reform bill almost made me cry with admiration, and I expect his speech on so much more interesting a subject to be the finest thing that ever was heard. It is most unfortunate for this question that it should come on now. Who has leisure to listen to the still small voice of
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F1553.1
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1792-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 1
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return home, but we must not think of it yet, and it is very lucky Mamma does not feel at all impatient to move. Fanny and Hensleigh have been coming constantly, and she is the nicest nurse possible, and endeared herself very much to us by her affectionate feelings for Mamma and joy at her recovery. Papa is not able to come as often as he wishes, as he is on a Liverpool Committee and the Slavery Bill in the evenings; so he is only able to come on Saturdays and stay till Monday. Harriet [Gifford
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F1553.2
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1702-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 2
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child. I have been thinking over the characteristics of my father which are quite apart from the qualities on which his influence and his success as a man of science depended, and I think the quality which stands out in my mind most preeminently is his abhorrence of anything approaching to oppression or cruelty, and especially of slavery; combined with this he had an enthusiasm for liberty of the individual and for liberal principles. I can give you one or two illustrations, which are very slight in
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F1553.2
Book:
Litchfield, H. E. ed. 1915. Emma Darwin, A century of family letters, 1702-1896. London: John Murray. Volume 2
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Slavery: abolition of, i. 181, 182, 236; Charles Darwin's hatred of, ii. 169 Smith, missionary among slaves in the West Indies, death of, i. 156, 157 Smith, Emily (Mrs C. Buxton), i. 92, 151 Smith, Mrs Sydney, i. 91; dinner with, ii. 112; editing her husband's letters, ii. 114; Fanny Allon stays with, ii. 141 Smith, Robert ( Bobus ), i. 93 n. Smith, Saba (Lady Holland), i. 91, 151 Smith, Sydney: his admiration of the Allens, i. 21, 22; his admiration of Mrs Josiah Wedgwood, i. 22, 24; visits
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F1592.2
Book:
Marchant, James ed. 1916. Alfred Russel Wallace letters and reminiscences. London: Cassell. Volume 2.
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and the consolidation of small tribes into large societies; and among other things the lapse of land into private ownership has been, like the lapse of individuals into slavery, at one period of the process altogether indispensable. I do not in the least believe that from the primitive system of communistic ownership to a high and finished system of State ownership, such as we may look for in the future, there could be any transition without passing through such stages as we have seen and
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A283
Pamphlet:
Darwin, Francis. 1920. The story of a childhood. Edinburgh: Privately printed.
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Britannia, and he asked what slaves were. I explained about negro slavery, and a smile of satisfaction came over him, and he asked, What coloured whips do they whip them with. No. 138. November 8, 1880. [Aunt Elizabeth was dying in great discomfort.] In the midst of this she remembered B., and that he had been out of sorts for a day or two, and asked after him. I could just hear Ubbadubba not well. It was wonderfully touching she kept her thoughts for others to the very last. Then she got easier
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some of us such emphasis is difficult to accomplish, and instead, when one is thoroughly penetrated by the evolutionary attitude, one is too apt to find oneself more insignificant than terebratula, because one is conscious of one's own insignificance and terebratula is not. And it was Darwin, the gentle, the kindly, the human, who could not bear the sight of blood, who raged against the cruelty of vivisection and slavery, who detested suffering in men or animals, it was Darwin who at least
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result of these experiences and many others, Darwin imbibed a detestation of slavery and slaveholders which lasted through life, and which led him to oppose them where he could, whether in England or America. The hostility to slavery was based even more deeply on an intense hatred of cruelty, barbarity, and the infliction of physical suffering of any sort. The dislike of such suffering was so keen that from the start it incapacitated Darwin for the medical profession, which his father would have
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slavery in any form. When he was in South America with the Beagle, he had plenty of opportunity to watch the working of human servitude, and it disgusted and repelled him beyond measure. 'To this day, if I hear a distant scream, it recalls with painful vividness my 15. To M ller, August 28, 1870, More Letters, vol. II, p. 92. [page] 13
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; and mistakes, 77; candor, 77 79, 105; as correspondent, 78, 145; appreciation and tolerance, 79, 80, 262, 263; and ignorance and deceptive reasoning, 80 82; and motives of achievement, 99 101; Butler controversy, 108; humility, 110, 258, 260; success of books, 122; fame, 126; atrophy of other interests, 128 30, 272, 275; and history,130, 131; and politics, 131 34; and Civil War, 134; and slavery, 134; and animals, hatred of cruelty, 135, 188; and vivisection, 136; and social questions, 136
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. Sexual selection, D.'s theory, 66, 67. Shakespeare, William, vitality, 126; D.'s opinion, 147. Shaw, G. B., and religion and evolution, 237. Shelley, P. B., and nature, 152. Sin, effect of evolution on belief, 231. Slavery, D.'s antipathy, 134. Smoking, D. and, 182. Snuff, D.'s indulgence, 183. Socialism, and evolution, 224. Society, D. and, 173, 178. Spencer, Herbert, and 'survival of the fittest,' 5, 91; D. on, 47, 78; type, 54; and universal evolution, 121, 219. Spinoza, Baruch, type, 53
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A876
Book:
Abbott, Lawrence F. 1927. Charles Darwin, the saint. In Ibid. Twelve great modernists. New York: Doubleday.
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, that the North would proclaim a crusade against slavery. In the long run, a million horrid deaths would be amply repaid in the cause of humanity. What wonderful times we live in! Massachusetts seems to show noble enthusiasm. Great God! how I should like to see the greatest curse on earth slavery abolished. Farewell. Darwin undoubtedly overemphasized the atrophy of his emotions and underestimated his sthetic tastes, for his son says that, up to the end of his life, he greatly enjoyed parts of
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A179
Book:
Ward, Henshaw. 1927. Charles Darwin: The man and his warfare. London: John Murray.
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ference of opinion between them, which Darwin explained to Henslow: I thank my better fortune the Captain has not made me a renegade to Whig principles. I would not be a Tory, if it was merely on account of their cold hearts about that scandal to Christian nations Slavery. I am very good friends with all the officers. Darwin's whiggish hatred of slavery was the cause of the quarrel. I lift this description of it from the Autobiography, not as a piece of scandal, but as the truest proof that
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A179
Book:
Ward, Henshaw. 1927. Charles Darwin: The man and his warfare. London: John Murray.
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wished for the success of the revolutions in North America and France; he expressed his hatred of slavery by writing: Fierce SLAVERY stalks and slips the dogs of hell. He espoused the revolutionary idea that all kinds of plants and animals may have descended from one common ancestor; he had some correspondence with the revolutionary Rousseau; he exchanged letters with the very revolutionary geologist Hutton. His mind always ran to the novel and ingenious in any line of thought. The friend in
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A179
Book:
Ward, Henshaw. 1927. Charles Darwin: The man and his warfare. London: John Murray.
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sufficient for deciding the limits of variation of the wolf-fox. And the question of the limits of that variation went to the foundation of all conceptions of life yes, of human life as well. It is easy to see between Fitz-Roy's lines that he distrusts the whiggish, leveling tendencies of the naturalist. He is defending the tory cause of fixity of species. Probably Darwin, having learned a lesson form the dispute about slavery, avoided any argument on species. Indeed he had no grounds for opposing
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A876
Book:
Abbott, Lawrence F. 1927. Charles Darwin, the saint. In Ibid. Twelve great modernists. New York: Doubleday.
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was all-powerful in impressing some grand moral truths on the mind of man, but he found that his views about slavery were revolting, that in his eyes might was right, and that his mind seemed to me a very narrow one. He tells an amusing incident about Carlyle and the mathematician Babbage: The last man whom I will mention is Carlyle, seen by me several times at my brother's house, and two or three at my own house. His talk was very racy and interesting, just like his writing, but he sometimes
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A876
Book:
Abbott, Lawrence F. 1927. Charles Darwin, the saint. In Ibid. Twelve great modernists. New York: Doubleday.
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, however, align himself with John Bright on the question of slavery, which he had learned to detest during his visit [page] 24
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A179
Book:
Ward, Henshaw. 1927. Charles Darwin: The man and his warfare. London: John Murray.
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bats that distressed the horses, the poisonous juice of a plant that furnishes the staple food of the region, the bells and cannon that announce the arrival of a stranger, the slaves who begin the day's work by singing a hymn. The thought of slavery had always been abhorrent to him. Now he records his emotion when a slave thought Darwin's gesticulation was going to be a blow: I shall never forget my feelings of surprise, disgust, and shame at seeing a great powerful man afraid even to ward off
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A258
Book:
Osborn, Henry Fairfield. 1928. Charles Darwin. In ibid., Impressions of great naturalists. New York, London: Charles Scribner.
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simplicity of character and of language, in love of truth, in abhorrence of slavery, and especially in unconsciousness of their power. Both were at a loss to understand their influence over other men. I am nothing and truth is everything, once wrote Lincoln. In concluding his autobiography Darwin wrote: With such moderate abilities as I possess, it is truly surprising that I should have influenced to a considerable extent the belief of scientific men on some important points. My success as a man of
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A258
Book:
Osborn, Henry Fairfield. 1928. Charles Darwin. In ibid., Impressions of great naturalists. New York, London: Charles Scribner.
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by complex and diversified mental qualities and conditions. Of these, the most important have been the love of science, unbounded patience in long reflecting over any subject, industry in observing and collecting facts, a fair share of invention as well as of common sense. APOSTLE OF FREEDOM OF TRUTH Lincoln's greatest single act was his deathblow to slavery. Man had been fighting for centuries for freedom, in labor, in government, in religion, and in mind. It is certainly notable that the
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A536
Periodical contribution:
Barlow, N. 1932. Robert FitzRoy and Charles Darwin. Cornhill Magazine (April): 493-510.
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were not more than 'several serious quarrels.' One of these was on the subject of slavery, but we never hear of any open disagreement on intellectual or religious subjects. Both admired and upheld missionary enterprise, Darwin as a quiet observer, but FitzRoy with all the zeal of his uncompromising nature. Indeed his ardour had led him far afield, and readers of the Beagle will remember that intriguing figure Jemmy Button, and his compatriots from Tierra del Fuego. In his earlier command of the
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A536
Periodical contribution:
Barlow, N. 1932. Robert FitzRoy and Charles Darwin. Cornhill Magazine (April): 493-510.
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sense. He was very kind to me, but was a man very difficult to live with on the intimate terms which necessarily followed from our messing by ourselves' in the same cabin. We had several quarrels, for when out of temper he was utterly unreasonable. For instance, early in the voyage at Bahia in Brazil he defended and praised the slavery which I abominated, and told me that he had just visited a great slave owner, who had called up many of his slaves and asked them whether they were happy, and
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Book:
Barlow, Nora ed. 1933. Charles Darwin's diary of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. Cambridge: University Press.
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formation. p. 493... Geology of Ascension. p. 499... Slavery. [Map of ... Darwin's principal inland expeditions
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