CUL-DAR8.(1-102)    Draft:    1856   'Natural selection' chapter 3 (On the possibility of all organic beings occasionally crossing and on the remarkable susceptibility of the reproductive system to external agencies)   Text   Image

(Ch. 3 all animals cross) animals. In all cases of aquatic In parasitic worms or Entozoa, some many are bisexual unisexual but some which are hermaphrodite (Dr. Creplin in appendix to Steenstrup's Untersuchungen über das vorkommen des Hermaphroditismus Dr. Hornschuch 1846. A bran I have seen a translation of this owing to the kindness of Mr. Busk) require mutually unite; Dr. Creplin sa remarks that in those in which von Siebold discovered an internal passage from the male to the female organs

F1583    Book:     Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.   Text   Image   PDF

, generally most useful: different plants are visited by different kinds of Bees; some by none, but which absolutely require other insects in order to produce seed. Worms I believe1 play an important part for plants in turning up the ground, in burying seeds. I have often thought when seeing the quantities of manure collected under the most shady tree in a field during hot weather that even this in the great war of nature/40/might make a sensible difference in the vigour spreading of a tree: on the

F1583    Book:     Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.   Text   Image   PDF

Miller, Sonnerat's cock x common pheasant, 435 n 7 Milne, John Single record of siskins breeding in captivity, 427 n 3 Milne-Edwards, Henri Division of labour: Tends to perfection of every function, 73, 233; Crustacean limbs for swimming and respiration, 355; Nereid worms respire through vascu-larised areas of limbs, 356; Lower animals use same tissue for nutrition and respiration, 355 Embryology: More widely two animals differ, the earlier their embryonic similarity ceases, 303; Most

CUL-DAR10.1.(1-78)    Draft:    1857   'Natural selection' chapter 5 (The struggle for existence as bearing on natural selection)   Text   Image

of the utmost importance to the plant; of which I shall presently give a curious instance. Though Bees devour much pollen, They a they are sometimes indispensable to the fertilisation of some plants, generally most useful: different some plants are visited by one different kinds of Bees; some by none, but which absolutely require use other insects in order to produce seed. Worms I believe (Geological Transactions vol.    ) I believe play an important part for plants in turning up, over in short

F373    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 1st ed., 1st issue.   Text   Image   PDF

the whole world. Hence we may look with some confidence to a secure future of equally inappreciable length. And as natural selection works solely by and for the good of each being, all corporeal and mental endowments will tend to progress towards perfection. It is interesting to contemplate an entangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing on the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth, and to reflect that these

F373    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 1st ed., 1st issue.   Text   Image   PDF

When a species, owing to highly favourable circumstances, increases inordinately in numbers in a small tract, epidemics—at least, this seems generally to occur with our game animals—often ensue: and here we have a limiting check independent of the struggle for life. But even some of these so-called epidemics appear to be due to parasitic worms, which have from some cause, possibly in part through facility of diffusion amongst the crowded animals, been disproportionably favoured: and here comes

PC-Virginia-Francis-F373    Printed:    1859   On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. [Francis Darwin's copy]  London   Text   Image   PDF

When a species, owing to highly favourable circumstances, increases inordinately in numbers in a small tract, epidemics—at least, this seems generally to occur with our game animals—often ensue: and here we have a limiting check independent of the struggle for life. But even some of these so-called epidemics appear to be due to parasitic worms, which have from some cause, possibly in part through facility of diffusion amongst the crowded animals, been disproportionably favoured: and here comes

F373    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 1st ed., 1st issue.   Text   Image   PDF

RIPA'S (FATHER) Memoirs during Thirteen Years' Residence at the Court of Peking, in the Service of the Emperor of China. Translated from the Italian. By FORTUNATO PRANDI. Post 8vo. 2s. 6d. ROBERTSON'S (REV. J. C.) History of the Christian Church, From the Apostolic Age to the Pontificate of Gregory the Great, A.D. 590. Second and Revised Edition. Vol. 1. 8vo. 16s. —————— Second Period, from A.D. 590 to the Concordat of Worms. A.D. 1123. Vol. 2. 8vo. 18s. ROBINSON'S (REV. DR.) Biblical

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

, but from an accident failed. Parts of the lake seen from a short distance appeared of a reddish colour, and this perhaps was owing to some infusorial animalcula. The mud in many places was thrown up by numbers of some kind of worm, or annelidous animal. How surprising it is that any creatures should be able to exist in brine, and that they should be crawling among crystals of sulphate of soda and lime! And what becomes of these worms when, during the long summer, the surface is hardened into a

F376    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 2d ed., second issue.   Text   Image   PDF

When a species, owing to highly favourable circumstances, increases inordinately in numbers in a small tract, epidemics—at least, this seems generally to occur with our game animals—often ensue: and here we have a limiting check independent of the struggle for life. But even some of these so-called epidemics appear to be due to parasitic worms, which have from some cause, possibly in part through facility of diffusion amongst the crowded animals, been disproportionably favoured: and here comes

A18    Review:     [Wollaston, T. V.] 1860. [Review of] On the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection; or, the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.- By Charles Darwin, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., &c. London, 1859. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5: 132-143.   Text   Image   PDF

insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth, and to reflect that these elaborately constructed forms, so different from each other, and dependent on each other in so complex a manner, have all been produced by laws acting around us these laws, taken in the largest sense, being Growth with Reproduction; inheritance, which is almost implied by reproduction; variability from the indirect and direct action of the external conditions of life, and from use and disuse; a

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

animals are of so simple a structure, that Cuvier has arranged them with the intestinal worms, though never found within the bodies of other animals.Numerous species inhabit both salt and fresh water; but those to which I allude were found, even in the drier parts of the forest, [page] 27 PLANARI . 1832

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

These holuthuri , the fish, the numerous burrowing shells, and nereidous worms, which perforate every block of dead coral, must be very efficient agents in producing the fine white mud which lies at the bottom and on the shores of the lagoon. A portion, however, of this mud, which when wet strikingly resembled pounded chalk, was found by Professor Ehrenberg to be partly composed of siliceous-shielded infusoria. April 12th. In the morning we stood out of the lagoon on our passage to the Isle of

F376    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 2d ed., second issue.   Text   Image   PDF

informed me that he finds that the rule does not hold in Australia; and I have made these few remarks on the sexes of trees simply to call attention to the subject. Turning for a very brief space to animals: on the land there are some hermaphrodites, as land-mollusca and earth-worms; but these all pair. As yet I have not found a single case of a terrestrial animal which fertilises itself. We can understand this remarkable fact, which offers so strong a contrast with terrestrial plants, on the view of

F380    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. The origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. New York: D. Appleton. New edition, revised and augmented.   Text   Image   PDF

hermaphrodites, as land-mollusca and earth-worms; but these all pair. As yet I have not found a single case of a terrestrial animal which fertilises itself. We can understand this remarkable fact, which offers so strong a contrast with terrestrial plants, on the view of an occasional cross being indispensable, by considering the medium in which terrestrial animals live, and the nature of the fertilising element; for we know of no means, analogous to the action of insects and of the wind in the

A18    Review:     [Wollaston, T. V.] 1860. [Review of] On the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection; or, the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.- By Charles Darwin, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., &c. London, 1859. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5: 132-143.   Text   Image   PDF

of fact, never created at all, but was merely, in the fulness of time, a development from an ape; and not merely from an ape, but that he was originally derived from the same source as bears, cats, rats, mice, geese, mussels, periwinkles, beetles, worms, and sponges (nay, even, perhaps, from the same as the very plants themselves); that, in all probability, he will at length beget some higher creature still, and will himself become utterly extinct, like each of the beasts (throughout time and

F20    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1860. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy R.N. London: John Murray. Tenth thousand. Final text.   Text   Image   PDF

Emperor of China. Translated from the Italian. By FORTUNATO PRANDI, Post 8vo. 2s. 6d. ROBERTSON'S (REV. J. C.) History of the Christian Church, From the Apostolic Age to the Pontificate of Gregory the Great, A.D. 590. Second and Revised Edition. Vol. 1. 8vo. 16s. Second Period, from A.D. 590 to the Concordat of Worms. A.D. 1123. Vol. 2. 8vo. 18s. Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury; a Biography. Illustrations. Post 8vo. 9s. ROBINSON'S (REV. DR.) Biblical Researches in the Holy Land. Being a Journal of

A562    Review:     [Hall]. 1860. [Review of] On the Origin of Species. New York Times 9 (2658) (28 March): 3.   Text   Image   PDF

GEOFFROY ST. HILAIRE'S great work (Anomalies.) What can be more singular than the relation between blue eyes and deafness in cats, and the tortoise-shell color with the female sex; or again, the relation between the hair and teeth in the naked Turkish dog though here probably homology comes into play? It is interesting, says Mr. DARWIN, to contemplate an entangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with worms crawling through the damp earth, with birds singing on the bushes, and with

F381    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1861. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 3d ed. Seventh thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

singing on the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth, and to reflect that these elaborately constructed forms, so different from each other, and dependent on each other in so complex a manner, have all been produced by laws acting around us. These laws, taken in the largest sense, being Growth with Reproduction; Inheritance which is almost implied by reproduction; Variability from the indirect and direct action of the external conditions of

F381    Book:     Darwin, C. R. 1861. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. 3d ed. Seventh thousand.   Text   Image   PDF

When a species, owing to highly favourable circumstances, increases inordinately in numbers in a small tract, epidemics—at least, this seems generally to occur with our game animals—often ensue: and here we have a limiting check independent of the struggle for life. But even some of these so-called epidemics appear to be due to parasitic worms, which have from some cause, possibly in part through facility of diffusion amongst the crowded animals, been disproportionally favoured: and here comes

CUL-DAR205.11.120    Note:    1861.01.13   The higher animals at least man have strong instinct to avoid death   Text   Image

The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [120] Jan 13. 61. The higher animals at least man have strong instinct to avoid death — Some of the lower animals have instinct leading each individual to certain immediate death— as these parasitic worms which crawl out of body that their ova may be disseminated. Ch

A2576    Review:     Anon. 1862. [Review of] On the formation of mould. The earth-worm –its use. Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste, 17 (August): 349-350. [From the Scottish Farmer]   Text   PDF

droppings or worm-casts caused in a few years a considerable increase in the depth as well as in the quality of the soil. Mr. Darwin, the naturalist, gives an account of a case of this kind which he tested, and from experiments, he clearly proved, that in an old pasture, a layer of cinders and lime had been covered in a few years to the depth of an inch, by the castings of worms. On carefully examining, he also wrote, between the blades of grass in the field above described, I found scarcely a space

A2097    Review:     Strakhov, Nikolai. 1862. [Review of Origin in Russian] Durnye priznaki [Bad Signs]. Vremia [Time], No. 11 (November): 158-172. Translated by Brendan G. Mooney.   Text   PDF

different worms are changed into flies and butterflies. We might divert ourselves with this for lack of something better to do… (4) The philosopher betrays an obvious misunderstanding here. The study of nature still seems to him to be to some extent a mystery. It's strange to him how one can seriously busy oneself with such trifles as bugs and worms; he finds it much better to discuss God. But the naturalist is completely within his rights to mock the philosopher, as soon as he manages to turn his

A282    Book:     Lyell, Charles. 1863. The geological evidences of the antiquity of man with remarks on the origin of species by variation. 3d ed., revised. London: John Murray.   Text   Image

of the amount of sediment formed in a century, which they suppose not to exceed on the average five inches. When the waters subside, this thin layer of new soil, exposed to a hot sun, dries rapidly, and clouds of dust are raised by the winds. The superficial deposit, moreover, is disturbed almost everywhere by agricultural labours, and even were this not the case, the action of worms, insects, and the roots, of plants would suffice to confound together the deposits of two successive years. All

CUL-DAR70.54    Note:    1863.07.10--1863.07.23   Bee Ophrys from coarse grassy field [table and comments]   Text   Image

] for [illeg] to [illeg] what fat gaper - Colour [illeg] [illeg] plants Black [illeg]. - [illeg] [illeg] by [illeg] c parasites longer [illeg] to Verbena colour of grapes - colour of silk-worms) what red Hyacinths [illeg] fruit trees - colour of flesh. - Curculio Colour of fruit attractive to birds.- yellow red very [illeg]. Mountain-Ash. Turkey Rye 2. vars. Leafing [illeg] of chart. soft-coloured [illeg] same case peculiarities Zilbert runt. White-fruit gooseberry leaves