RECORD: Darwin, C. R. n.d. Chinese primrose / Tables and conclusions. CUL-DAR108.15-18. (John van Wyhe ed., 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and John van Wyhe, edited by John van Wyhe 12.2022. RN2

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volumes CUL-DAR108-111 contain material for Darwin's book Forms of flowers (1877).


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Chinese Primrose, no I. Heteromorphic seedlings from short-styled by pollen of long-styled

Plants experimented

Short-styled. (stick) No. of Plants (of no I & II, 10 were crossed Heteromorphically & 10 Homomorphically)

White thread Heteromrpic union Black thread Homorphic union

Self-fertilised Hetromphic with pollen of No 3 Red Braid & white

worsted

70 [+] 56 [+] 54 [+] 63 35 [+] 11 [+] 2 [+] 49 [=] 97 [÷] 4 [=] 24 / or omitting th 2. 95 [÷] 3 [=] 31.7 0 [+] 0 [+] 0

26 castrate & fertilised — Hetermphicaly I believe full with pollen of No 4' I believe hetermphicaly with pollen of no 4.

97 [+] 38 [=] 135 [÷] 5 [=] 27 / 50 white

Thread & String [+] 0 do do [+] 0 [+] 0 {s

is a hetromphic union with pollen of nor 3. (5 flowers were crossed) so this nearly fertile 

No II. No I Heteromrphic seedlings from long styled by pollen of short styled seed.

Long-styled No Stick

73 0 mouldy 2. [+] 10 63 White worsted & whit thread [+] 38

do do do [+] 51 do do very fine [+] 47 do do

316 336 [÷] 5 [=] 63 316 [÷] 5 [=] 63.2 — (average from 5 pods of Hom. long-styled Union insts) (1862)

These 4 flowers were crossed Hetermphiclly with pollen of short-styled seedling no 4"; & we see that they are very fertile ; showing that pollen of No' 4 is pretty good 199 [÷] 4 [=] 49.3/4 say 50 seeds average not so fertile as pure cross with heteromphic pollen.—

(There were 5 long-styled plants)

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No II. Heteromorphic seedlings from long-styled by pollen of short-styled

Stick— Short-styled seedlings

White thread

Black threads

Self-fertilised

 

 

 

50 — from last paper

74

38

0 [+] 0 [+] 0 [+] 0 [+] 0 [+] 0 [+] 0

[+] 33 white thread & red-string [+] 72 do do [+] 55 do do [=] 210 [÷] 4 [=] (52.2/4 average.) Heteromorphic from pollen of No 3.

 
No II.    No stick — Long-styled.

51 [+] 42 (very fine) [+] 74 [+] 9 [=] 250 [+] 316 ((p. 1) [=] 566 [÷] 10 [=] 56.6

21 [+] 28 [+] 35 [+] 33 [=] (155) [+] 97 (p. 1) [=] 252 [÷] 9 [=] 28

 

I have counted freely all seeds at all good    (155 [÷] 5 [=] 36.6)

56.6 average

28.0 averages

 

 

Conclusion of the Heteromorphic seedling 10 were crossed heteromorphically, & the average is 56.6 seed per pod.

Ten were crossed homomorphically & the average 9 pods were obtained containing on average 28 seed per pod.

But in each case there was one very poor pod— rejecting these we have

Heteromorphic union

566 [-] 9 [=] 557 [÷*] 9 [=] 61.8/9 average — This fairest average. 252 [-] 2 [=] 250 [÷*] 8 [=] 31.2/8=.25 average.    This fairest average

(There were 6 long-styled)

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Homomorphic seedlings no. III from long-styled with own pollen.

These are all long-styled plants (no stick) (10 crossed)

White thred Hetermrphic Union Black thred Homomrphic Union Self-fertilised Nine Plants

28 [+] 64 [+] 48 [+] 39 [+] 43 very fine [+] (Shaked off) [+] 33 [+] 66 [+] 18 very poor [+] 15 very poor [=] 354 [÷] 9 [=] average 39.75

5 [+] 13 poor [+] 21 poor [+] 29 [+] 40 [+] 14 [+] 8 [+] 0 [+] 8 [+] 18 [+] 21 [+] 9 / 11 pods

3 String Reddish [+] 69 Red & white worsted [+] 49 do do [+] 43 do do (average 53.2/3)) 4 crossed Heteromrphically with pollen from Hetromphc seedlg

 

 

 

11 String Reddish    very poor seeds [+] 47 48 do.    do [+] 44 do    very fine seeds [=] 102 [÷] 3 [=] (34 average)) crossed Homomphy with do.

 

 

 

See p. 2.    The average of 4 Heteromormphic seedlings, crossed by this pollen gave 52.5 seed per pod.    103 [÷] 3 [=] 34.

These Homomorphic unions of the Homomorphic seedlings are more fertile than the hom. unions of the Heteromorphic seedlings in proportion to 46 to 31! — It agrees with this that these 9 plants, all long-styled gave 11 pods with some seeds; whereas 11 plants of the Heteromorphic seedlings, whereas produced only 4 pods!

Possibly this agrees with considerable fertility of the mid-styled lots, when self-fertilised. It certainly appears as of plants rendered in some degree self fertile to propagate race.—

We have also seen that the pollen of no. 3, when used on the heteromorphic seedling is nearly good, as it gave average of 52 seeds, (with one very good pod)

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Homomorphic seedling no IV from short-styled by own form pollen. —

Short-styled (stick)

White thread Heteromrphic Union 8 fl. Black Thred Homomrphic 8 flowers Self fertilised

24 Bl. & Red worsted [+] 3 do. do [+] 5 do. do Red Braid shaked off (4 of these crosses made)    ) crossed with pollen of Heteromorphic seedlings, I do not know whether Homph or hetermpic

No stick ie short-long? styled

[+] 23  very poor [=] 143 [÷] 5 [=] 28 3/5 (omitting the pod with 4.)

[=] 71 [÷] 3 [=] 23 2/3 omitting pod with 3

 

4 Bl. & red. worsted [+] 4 Red Braid { Heteromphically with pollen of Heteromorphic seedlings (two made) say 6 altogether Average of all 8 seed per pod.

The results very surprising I fertilised 8 fl. heteromorphically & got only 6 pods & one of these contained only 4 seed & may be rejected in average, which is only 29 seed taking nearest whole less,less than half average (i.e 62) of similar union of Heteromorphic seedlings.

Of the Homomorphic 8 union, I got only 3 good pods, giving average of only 24 seeds.

The female organs are imperfect for I crossed 6 fl with pollen of perfect flowers of Heteromorphic seedlings & got 5 pods, which produced on average only 8 see per pod! The pollen itself is much better for I crossed heteromorphically 4 flowers of Heteromorphic seedlings with above pollen of no. 4, & got on average 50 seeds per pod! Yet the pollen not quite so good as ho the pollen of heteromorphic for this would have produced 62 seeds per pod.—

We have seen in no. 3 a very different state of things, the male & female organs being brought into some harmony, but both being with inferior degenerated in fertility except with each other.

see


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

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