138

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   Abstract of old & new Observations, Phosphate of Ammonia (see Back)

page    First for old I think, 1872. end of Sept & Oct.

No of Leaves

59    1 leaf 10 minims of 1 gr t 24 oz, so the leaf got 1/1152 of gr.

+ 1

   after 9' plenty of inflection; after 14' immense; after 2O 37' all but 7 inflected

   ——

   (two leaves with do in one vessel)

   after 16' a good deal of inflect; after 6O 25' all except 10 tents; kept 10 for 24O

+ 2

   Second leaf — very little affected till evening

- 3

 

60    1 leaf 10 minims of gr. t 30 oz; so got 1/1440 of gr.

   after 22' some inflection; 2O 15' very consider. inflect; after 3O 45' great inflection; increased    next after 23O reexpanding

+ 4

   1 leaf with do.

   after 42' all more or less inflected except 3; after 2O abut 10 not closely & 5 not at inflected

+ 5

  1 leaf. with do

   after 36' only 14 not inflected; remained in same state

+ 6

 

60A    1. leaf 10 minim of 1 gr. to 36 oz so each leaf got 1/1728 of gr.

   after 45' almost all  inflected: no. after 1O 47', abut 28 not inflected

+ 7

   after 38'    do.   ; after 1O 35' all more or less except abut 7 t. l after 3O 20' all but 4

+ 8

 

   1 leaf 10 m. of 1 gr. to 40 oz.; so each leaf got 1.1920 of gr.

   after 1O 5' a vast number inflected; after 2O 5', from 25—30 t not inflected

+ 9

   after 55' all except 3 inflected, & remained for another 1O.

+ 10

 

60B    1 leaf 10 m. of 2 gr. t 50 oz, so each leaf got 1/2400 of grain

   after 9' great inflection; after 54' all but 3 strongly inflected & lamina.

+ 11

   after 7' grt inflection; after 57' all but none or inflect & 3 only sub-inflected

+ 12

 

do    1 leaf 10 minim of 1 gr. t 60 oz, so each leaf got 1/2880 of gr.

∗    after 17' immense inflection, all but 4 & 5 not quite close; after 1O 35', all but 3 & lamina

+ 13

 

do    1 leaf to 10 m. of 1 gr to 80 oz (2 leaves in 20 m.) so each leaf got 1/3480 of grain

   young & colorless fine red leaf, after 3' some inflection; after 1O 4' all except 2, but 15 not closely; after 1O 30' every tent ∗(2) closely except 1.

+ 14

   white leaf after 8' consider. inflection; after 50' 12' grt inflection; after 1O 20' all but 20—40 inflection; after 4O 15 all but 17.

+ 15

 

60C    1 leaf to 10 m. of 1 gr. to 100 oz (2 leaves in 20 m.) so each got 1/4800 of gr.

   after 10' consider. inflected; after 44', all except 20 t. inflection; after 1O 34' all except 11 t. & so remainder remained so for 21O

+ 16

   after 10'    do   ;    do    all except 29 t.; after 5O 46' all except 47 t. remained so from 24O

+ 17

60D    after 12' all inflected except 2 & 3 00 & so remained for some time

+ 18

 

60D    1 leaf 1 dr. t 200 oz, 10 minim, so each leaf got 1/9600 of gr.

   after 10' strong inflection; all except 11 marginals; after 24 all except 6 & 5 sub-inflect remained so for some time

+ 19

 

60D    1 leaf 10 m. of 1 gr to 400 oz. so leaf got 1/19200 of gr.

   after 9' some inflection; after 1O 9' all more or less inflected except 19 t.

+ 20

See source of error back

138v

These experiments with only 10 minim not secure because I had to push leaf abut — see corresponding water experiments?

p. 60 E

I refer to these at back of Page C

*This leaf had 235 less 3 = 232, so each gland got 1/668,160 of a grain

∗(2)    176    176 ―    1/675,840

Corrected by Emma & one done by George so trustworthy

139

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   new Abstract    Phosphate of Ammonia July 1873 Best Work

Page

   1/2 dr of 1 gr. to 100 oz, so each leaf gets 1/4800 1600 of gr. of the salt

1    (1) after 10' grt inflection; after 50' all perfectly inflected; after 8O do; after 23O, trace of reexpansion

+ 1

   (2) after 1O a few inflected, several sub-inflected; after 3O all inflected or sub; after 8O all, except 4 t. after 23O reexpanding

+ 2

   (3) ― 4 inflected      ; ― all except 9 & these sub-inflected; after 8O do; —    after 23O, sub-marginal still inflected, marginal fully expanded

+ 3

   (4) after 54' all inflect except 8 marginals; after 3O all except 4 & these sub-inflect; after 8O do. after 23O trace of reexpansion

+ 4

 

2 4 leaves in 1 dish. 2 leaves old    (1) after 36' almost all inflected; after 4O 35' same state; aft 7O 45'; all except 6; aft 24O much reexpansion in all 4

+ 5

   (2) ―    do   ; ―    do   ; all except 5;

+ 6

   (3) ―    some   ; ― all round disc & most marginals subinflected; — as before

؟ 7

   (4) ―    some   ; ― abut 30 well inflected & others sub;, as before

؟ 8

 

3    (1)      ; after 3O 10', all except 20 marginals; after 5O 10' all except 15l after 21O all except 3

+ 9

pale (2) after 28' great inflection; ― ― 18 ―; ― ― 16; ― 1/2 reexpanded

+ 10

old (3) ―    great inflect; ― ― 30, ―; ― ― 21; ― all reexpanded

+ 11

very pale (4) ―    mere trace; ― —more traces; ring on disc; marginal sub.; ― responded.

O - 12

 

4 4 in dish red (5) after 15' gr. inflect; after 3O. all but 10 t.; after 5O, all except 1 l after 21O ring

+ 13

red (6)    do   ; ― ― 16 t; ― ― 14; reexpanded

+ 14

red (7)    do.   ; ― ― 16 t; ―    18; reexpanded

+ 15

whitish (8) very little inflc; discals alone inflected; discals, trace in sub-marginals; partly reexpanded

- 16

   After 24O the glands not blackened— 16 leaves here were here tried each with 1/4600 1600 of a grain

      Of these 12 strongly affected ,&11 of them considerably or strongly under 1O; & the 12th t became so after 3O —

      Two leaves only moderately inflected, but these had more tent inflected & sub-inflected than water specimens after 4O 35' — two were hardly at all inflected, but both these were very pale & therefore weak leaves.

   (As number (1) had all tent inflected after 50'; assuming it had 160 too few tents. each gland could have got only 1/768000 1/112,000 of a grain)

1600 [x] 160 [=] 112000

      (Lime Water )

(Water 12 leaves    1 had after 40m 9 tent inflected & 3 other had few — 1 to 3 or 2 inflected..)

16 [+] 16 [+] 2 [+] 12 [+] 16 [=] 62 + 4 during 1874 = 66

140

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   New Abstract Phosphate of Ammonia July /73/ Best work

Page    1/2 dr of 1 gr to 200 oz, so each leaf got 1/3200 of a grain

5    (1) after 5' 1O. 55', 28 marginals inflected after 4O many inflected l after 8O 40' all except 9.    after 23O all inflected except 1.

(see Back for summary)    ؟ 1

   (2) after 48', 58—60 1O, 47 t. inflected; after 6O much inflection, except outer marginals

؟ 2

   (3) O after 2O, abut 21 inflected; after 6 only 8 t sub-inflected, & went on reexpading

؟ - 3

   (4) O after 2O, abut 19 inflected; after 4O submarginals & discals forming a ring; continued same

؟ - 4

——

6 (4 in dish) (1) after 6' several inflected; after 1O 50' all except 3 or 4 inflected; 3O 45' same state & remained so; after 23O, beginning to expand

+ 5

   (2)    do   ; ― many inflected   ; 3O 45 discals & sub-mrg. forming ring; rexpanding

؟ 6

   (3)    do   ; ―    do   ; 3O 45 30 or 40 inflected; a ring    do

؟ 7

   (4) O       after 1O. 50' abut 12 inflected — a slight ring on disc

— 8

——

7    (1) after 2O, all but 19 marg. (?) inflected; after 6O all but 22 inflect.; after 9. all but 6; after 24O do, with lam.

+ 9

   (2) ― ― ― 8 ,; ―    7   ; ―    5 or 6; ― almost rexpanded

+ 10

   (3) ― ― but 50   ; ― abut 59 inflected; ― reexpanding; ― only a trace

؟ 11

small (4) ―    but 4   ; ― beginning to reexpand; ― greatly reexpanded; ― do

+ 12

   (5) after 1O 20' all but 26 inflect   ; after 5O 40' beginning to reexpand; after 8O. 30; greatly reexpanded; after 23O ring

+ 13

   (6) after 1O 45' ― but 11   ; aft 4O. 40', all, but 12 only sub, lamina; after 8O 30', all exact 3 or 4; ― do

+ 14

   (7) ― ― but 7   ; after 5O. 10' all but 2   ;    do same state   ; rexpanding

+ 15

   (8) ― many inflect or sub.  ; aft 5O. 40' all but 23, & some of these sub.; all but 16 infl; rexpanding

+ 16

9 & 9A very hot day 8th    1/2 m/ of 1 dr to 300 oz — so each leaf got 1/4800 of a grain

   (1) (pale) after 1O 25' all but 8 inf; after 2O. 40' same state    ;. after 4O 15' same; after 8O 30' rexpanding; 24O fully

+ 17

   (2)    ― ― only 24 inflected; ―    same   ; af ― same; ― all reexpanded

+ 18

   (3) ―    but 5 ;∗ ― same   ;    same; all outer rexpanded; sub-mrg still inf.

+ 19

   (4) ―    but 3 ;∗ ― same   ; ― now 6 rexpanded; ― many reexpanded; still ring

+ 20

 /see Back for calculation

   (5) after 9' a good deal of inflection; after 16O extreme marginal alone not inflected; after 1O 50', all except but 23 inflected; after 6O considerably reexpanded; after 23O almost fully rexpanded

+ 21

Summary of upper lot 1 gr. t 200 oz. 1/3200 of oz, 16 18 Best leaves tried; within 2O & sometime within 15' 134 of these leaves were strongly inflected; & 3 4 only slightly inflected & 1 so slight as t be doubtful. viz 21, 19, & 12 inflected, & 1 so slightly as t be doubtful 4 at best & it shd be observed that of 16 water spec. tried at the same time, after from 2O to 12O not one had nearly so many as 12 t. inflected.

Summary of 2d lot of 1 gr to 300 oz 1/4800 of grain — only. 5 flower tried

/Very hot day Of these 5, after 1O 25', all ex tentacles inflected, except in one case all but 24 & sensitive, one had after 1O 40;, 7 inflected & another the similar number of 10 ,(but after, 4O t 7O reexpanded;— this goes for nothing, as several of the Phosphate spec, reexpanded in abut same time interval, owing I suppose to heat.)

140v

* no 3    This leaf had 236 — less 5 tents = 231

   231 [x] 4800 [=] 1,108,800    so each tentacles got 1/1,108,800 if gr.

* no' (4)    is also calculated at back of red page 9. but none worth giving 1/1,027,200 of a gr    Yes do give it

140Vv

page

   Ph. of ammn 1 gr. to 500  oz,  but only 1/3200 of grain given to each leaf as before, so only difference more diluted.

13 old leaf (1) after 1O 17' a large number, abut 80 inflected; after 5O 10' all but 38 inflected; after 8O 10, all but 32 inflected after 23O fully reexpanded

+ 17

palish (2) ― slight ring on disc; after 5O 10', many some marginals slightly inflected; after 8O 10 same; after 23O still a ring on disc

some effect    - 18

141

(4

   New Abstract Phosphate of Ammonia    July 1873

Page    1/2 dr. of 1 gr to 400 oz; so that each leaf got 1/6400 of gr.

      for Summary see back of p 10

10 all 4 very young leaves (1) after 35, only 2 or 3 inflected; after 1O 10' only 5; after 3O 35' ring on disc; after 8O 10', all sub-marginals grandly inflected; after 21O, all more or less inflected, except marginals

- 1

   (2) after 1O 10', a trace on disc; after 3O 35' outer discals; after 8O 15' ring; after 21O all except margin

- 2

∗ (3) after 10' consider. inflection; after 32' all but 6; aft 1O 5 all but 4; after 21 rexpanding

+ 3

   (4) after 9' some inflect.   ; after 35' decided alight; after 1O 10' some sub-mar also inflected; after 8O in many sub-marg, closely inflected; after 24O all except outer marginals

؟- 4

11    (5) after 26' decided trace of inflection; after 1O 4' trace of ring on disc & some sub-marg inflected; after 3O 26' good sub inflection of all sub-marginals; after 8O, all but 2 or 3 t. grandly inflected & lam, aft 21 rexpanding

؟ 5

   (6) after 53'. 7 marginal inflected; after 3O 20' a ring; after 8O, all but 2 outer rows grandly inflected & lamina — after 22O, same state

؟ 6

   (7) after 55' mere trace; after 8O a ring on disc — after 22O same state

- 7

*(8) after 13' all but 7 t.; after 55' all but 3 more or less; aft 3O 15', inflecting increased; after 7O 45' lamina inflected; aft 21O same state

+ 8

 

Highest —( these 4 experiments tried with great care) weighed at Chatham.—

12 pale (1); after 10' much inflect; after 2O 30', many marginal & sub forming a ring circle; after 4O. 30' same; after 8O 30 rexpanding

+ 9

pale (2) ―    do, ― vast proprt. inflected   ; ― all except 35; ― greatly rexpanded

+ 10

palish (3) ―    8' much inflc.; ― abut 19 well inflected   ; ― same state; ― do

؟ 11

palest young (4) ― 7 some inflect; ― 10 marg. inflc & ring; ― discals a ring; ― rexpanding

؟ 12

   N. B I add that in between 21' & 25' after immersion all these Phosphate showed much inflection

Summary    12 leaves tried with 1/6400; many of these young & pale & poor leaves. Of the 12, 3 not acted on, only 2 with almost all closely inflected within 1O; the other seven were all acted on, rapidly to a certain extent, but several of them did not become well inflected till, 3O, 4O 30 even 8O had elapsed. Yet what a contrast with the 12 water spec. only one of these had 13 marginal inflected & those began to reexpanded after 8O 25'; some other had 2 or 3 only inflected/

   (See additional remarks are p. 10 red figure)

142

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   New Abstract Phosphate of ammonia July 1873

Page

   1/2 dr. of 1 gr. t 500 oz; so each leaf got 1/8000 of grain— This strength by weight is as 1 of the Phosphate to 218,750 of water. In the 8 latter experiment, in this page the Ph. was weighed in Chatham — took special pain in all measurement — & in selecting the finest leaves which had expanded in Greenhouse; & the weather had for 3 or 4 day been very hot 75°—81°. All this applies equally to water & Phosphate experiment.

 

14 Young & pale. (1)    O    O    O    O

- 1

   (2)    O    O    O    O after 22O sub-inflect of submarginl

- 2

   (3)    O    O    O    O after 22O ring on do

- 3

   (4)       after 7O a ring on disc       after 22O sub-margins sub-inflected

- 4

15 large oldish (5)       after 6O a ring; after 11O 30' sub-marg, considerably inflected after 22 sub-marg. inflection

- 5

   (6)       O   .    O    O    O

- 6

   (7)       O    O    O    O    O

- 7

   (8)       O    O after 11O 30, some sub-marg inflected — after 22O same state

- 8

   (I state that after 11O. 40' the Phosphate, certainly differed from water specimens.

16 reddish (1) after 40'. a good deal of inflection; aft 2O 20' many marginals sub-inflected; after 4O 13' fully half the tentacles inflected — remained in same state — after 24O. still slightly inflected

+ 9

   (2) after 39' a large number inflected; 4O 22', nearly half the t. inflected (∴ abut    ); after 23O still slight inflection

+ 10

reddish (3) after 39' ― do ― ―; aft 2O 18'', all but 25 inflected; after 4O 17' all but 16 inflected    after 23O outer discals & sub-marg still inflected

+ 11

   (4) after 30' largish num ― do ―; after 2O 18', about 28 inflected beside discls; after 5O 20' abut one-third of all tents inflected; after 8O much reexpanded; after 23O trace of ring

+ ؟ 12

(I remark, that in between 8' & 4' after giving the Ph. a trace of action on all leaves]

17    (5) O after 14' some inflection; after 20', 19 inflected, same, same; after 7O 45' reexpanding

؟ + 13

   (6) — after 13' & 20' consider, inflect; after 2O a considerably no' inflected,— same; after 7O. 45' reexpanding

؟ + 14

   (7) — after 12' a good deal of inflect.; after 2O a large no' inflected ; after 4O 2' all t. inflected except the 2 outer rows; after 7O 40' same state; after 23O reexpanding

+ 15

   (8) after 8' vast inflection; after 17' all but 15 inflected; after 2O all more or less inflected all but 8 tents ∗ inflected or plainly only sub-inflected; after 4O 2' beginning to reexpand; after 7O 42', almost reexpanded

+ 16

Summary    Contrast the 8 first leaves, (yet slightly affected) poor leaves, for I had none good) & water not very hot, with the 8 under circumstances given above — I think I had better give detail in 2 parallel column. Of the 8, 12 — 11 all were affected in less than 25' 40; 5 3 were doubtfully affected; 5 plainly, but only one had almost all inflected & give proportion.—    Now of the 8 corresponding water spec. though most 1, 2, or 3 inflected for short time, one has 8, less than the doubtful ones in Phosphate & one alone had as many as 23 t. inflected — Yet we see from the poor leaves being hardly at all affected, & from only 1 out of the 8 phostes leaves on hot dry day affected, we have arrived at limit of action.

1874

(5) after 38', 28 inflected; after 3O 45' 33 inflected or sub-inflected — continued for 24O 3 days

(6) (11) after 6O 40' only a ring; after 9. 40' all but 25 t. inflected & lam: evidently inflected    after 24O lam. do & every tent except 1 inflected.; continued for 3 days

(7) 9 after 38' 42 inflected; after 3O 12', 66 inflected or sub-inflected; after 6O 40' all but 24 inflected or plainly sub-inflected, none very closely; after 9. 40' all but 17 do.    after 24O all but 4 inflected or sub-inflected & after 27O 40' lamina — continued

(8) 10 after 38', 21 inflected; after 3O 12', 46 inflected or sub.; after 6O 40' all but 17, none closely    after 24O every tent slightly sub-inflected; after 27O 40' lam. strongly inflected, continued.