RECORD: Darwin, C. R. [1873].09.15. Chloride of caesium / Magnesium nitrate, acetate, chloride / Lithium. CUL-DAR56.69-78. (John van Wyhe ed., 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)
REVISION HISTORY: Text prepared and edited by John van Wyhe. RN1
NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volumes CUL-DAR 54-61 contain material for Darwin's book Insectivorous plants (1875).
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Sept 3rd. 10. 10' Chloride of Caesium 1 gr. to 1 oz.. 30 minimum to each leaf — 4 leaves
(11. 15', glands darkened
(2. 30' a trace if inflection)
(4º 50', 2 leaves greatly, but not closely : the other 2 considerably inflected)
(9. very considerable inflection)
Sept 4th 8. 30' — immense inflection — lamina of 2 leaves inflected— in one young leaf the extreme marginals not inflected, all others inflected — glands rather dark — put into pure water
Sept 5' 8. 30' largely reexpanded; one alone partially inflected
do. 10. 30' Nitrate of Magnesium (as above)
(4º 50' no effect
Sept 4th 8. 30. No more action in the 3 salts of Magnesium than often occurs with pure water when aft so many hour — One leaf in the Acetate considerably inflected— a little inflection in some of the Chlorides— I have Phosphate of Amm 1 gr to 20 oz. to all 3 plates
Phosphate
(9th 8. some inflection — (10. 25' moderate infl.) (1. very considerable inflection in all 4 leaves)
Sept 5' 8. 30' — all leaves very moderately inflected
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Sept 5th 10. 38'
Acetate of Magnesium 1 gr. to oz. 30 minim to leaf— 4 leaves all as before
(4º 50' no effect)
(See last page) Phosphate
9. 5' some inflection
10. 30' rather decided
(1. very moderate inflection in all)
Sept 5th 8. 30' greatly, but not extremely inflected
do 10. 45' Chloride of Magnesium as above. — 4 leaves.
(2. 30', a trace of inflection)
(4º 55', some slight inflection, chiefly round discs of 2 leaves; but not more than sometimes, even often occurs with water)
(See last page) Phosphate
9. 5'. enormous inflection from the Phosphate, 2 of lamin quite close)
1. all 4 leaves with almost all tents closely inflected)
Sept 5th 8. 30' all leaves greatly inflected:
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Sept. 4th 8. 52' Lithium Acetate 1 gr. to 1 oz 4 leaves with 2 dr.
10. 20' no action nor below
8 [x] 2 [=] 16 1/16.
(1º, O)
Sept 5' 8. 40', no inflection added Ph of Ammonia.
― 9. 10' all leaves immensely inflected.
― 10. 55' enormously inflected — lamina of one, thrown away
do. 9. Nitrate of Lithium do. do. do.
(1. ,O) 10. 30' P.m. a little inflection in all 4 leaves
Sept 5th 8. 40' — very considerable inflection in all 4 leaves added pure water
― great infl
Sept 6th 8. 30; still inflected
― 7th 10. 30' still somewhat inflected
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Sept 4th 11. A m. Rubidium Chloride
1 gr. to 1 oz — 1/2 dr. as usual
(1º, O action)
Sept 5th 8. 40' no inflection added Phosphate of Am.
― 9. 10' all leaves enormously inflected
11. do do— (Thrown away)
Sept. 5 8. 55' Chloride of Aluminium as above. 4 leaves.
11. no inflection
4º. 40' no inflection
Sept 6' 9. 30', 1 leaf closely inflected, 2d moderately, 3d & 4th hardy at all perhaps not more than water in effect or only a little more
― 9. 8' put into Phosphate of Ammonia
4º 45' at least 3 of leaves pretty closely fairly closely inflected & a few large number tents on the 4th
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Sept 5' 9.. Nitrate of Aluminium 1 gr to 437.5 water 4 leaves—. each with 1/2 dr. of above
11. no inflection
4º 45' no inflection worth speaking of
Sept 6 8. 30' one leaf moderately inflected
― 9. 10' put into Ph of Ammonia
― 4º 45' in many same state as at 8. 30'
Sept 7' 10' 40', all four leaves moderately very considerably inflected, one quit closely almost all the younger tentacles in the other leaves
one leaf pretty closely inflected, some slight inflection in the other 3 leaves; but very slight— but perhaps not more than by water
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Sept 5th 10. 23' Acetate of Borytes 4 leaves. 2 dr of soln 1 to 437.5 water
(11º', O) (4º 45' no inflection)
Sept 6th 8. 40' hardly no inflection— glands blackened showing absorption added Phosphate of Ammonia at 8. 40'
4º 50' a little inflection in 2 leaves
Sept 7th 10. 45' same state
Nitrate of Borytes. do do do.
10. 25'.
(11º, O) (4º 45', some slight inflection in 2 leaves, none in other two)
Sept 6th 8. 40' no inflection worth speaking of; added Phosphate of Ammn (1' gr. to 20 oz) at 8. 43'
9. 13' grt. inflection in one leaf; some in 2 other leaves
4º 50' do . do
Sept 7th 10. 40; — in nearly same states as last night
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Sept 5th. 10. 30' Acetate of Strontia 4 leaves 2 dr of sol. 1 gr to 1 oz
(11º, O) (4º 45' no inflection)
Sept 6' 8. 45' no inflection except some tent. over pedicel— put in Phosphate of Ammonia at 8. 48'
9. 13' great inflection in 2 leaves
4º 50' do do ; considerable in a third; a trace in a 4th
Sept 7th 10. 45' in exactly same states
10. 35' Nitrate of Strntia do. do.. do. 5 leaves
(11º, O) (4º 45' some slight inflection in 4 out of the 5 leaves.)
Sept 6th 8. 45' no inflection worth speaking of, not more than last night ,put in to Phosphate of Ammon at 8. 50'
― 9. 15, hardly any more inflection.
— 4º 50' — moderate inflection in 3 leaves.
Sept 7th 10. 45 very moderate inflection in all 5 leaves; not close in any one leaf — glands dark red
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Sept 15 10. 45' Acetate of Quinine 4 leaves with 1/2 dr of sol. of 1 gr. to 1 oz of W.
10. 5'5' great inflection !! (sol is not acid )
4º, 45 enormous inflection; put into pure water
Sept 6th 8. 50' as closely inflected as ever; glands somewhat whitened.
― 7' 10. 30' do do .do — glands white manifestly killed
Nitrate of Quinine do do. do
10. 48'.
10. 58' a trace of inflection over pedicel in only 2 leaves.
4º 48' 50 hardly a trace if inflection, —perhaps a trace
Sept/ 6th 8. 50' all 4 3 of leaves pretty closely inflected far more than wd have occurred in water; but not like those in the Acetate the 4th leaf very slightly
Put into plain water at 9..
Sept 7th 10. 31' Now somewhat expanded; but 2 of the leaves still somewhat inflected; most of the gland whitish or pale brown— evidently much injured
Sept 8th 8. 45' most of the leaves with tents almost completely reexpanded but the glands discoloured
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Sept 5th. 11. 13' 4 leaves in 2 dr. of Hydrochloric 1 part to 2 oz of water or (437.5 (x) 2 (=) 875.0 ) 1 to 875 acid.
2. 30' one leaf out of the 4 rather inflected
4º 50 the above leaf greatly inflected; some inflection in the two others.
9. 40, mod. inflection in 2 leaves; slight in a 3d leaf
Sept 6th 8. 15' 20' aft 21h — all 4 leaves moderately inflected, put into pure water. —
Sept 7th 10. 35' some inflection in 3 of leaves — a trace in 4th glands red— I think are recovering
Sept 8th 8. 40' all 4 leaves fully reexpanded & look quite healthy.
Put them in Ph. of Amm. 1 gr to 20 oz
Sept 8th 8. 20' The Ph of Amm has produced no effect the leaves still remain fully reexpanded — such long immersion has injured them; as indeed does pure water for 24º.
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Sept 9' 8. 57'
Chloride of Platina 30 minim to each leaf m. to 3 leaves 1 gr. to 1 oz of water
9. 13' splendid inflection
9. 45 immensely inflected
12. glands rather brown pale — but spec looks fresh & good
2. Sept 10th 8. 30' glands all white — closely inflected.— otherwise leaves look healthy
Sept 11. 8. glands colourless, none expanded
13th 8. evidently dead still closely inflected, but not much discoloured except glands
no plain segregation
Chloride of Gold. do do do (8. 58' )
9. 6' some inflection — (9. 13' in 1 leaf
9. 45 immensely inflected
(12. glands discoloured— fluid coloured purple
(2. 50' into pure water) Film of gold — some of excessive teeming after the fluid.
the glands are I think coated, & I thought so ▿2 or ▿3 hour ago
(I can see no gold on the dried glands.)
Sept 10 8. 30' excessively discoloured — evidently killed— The little points on disc & hair on pedicels all coloured black
Nitrate of Silver do. do
8º. 9 2'
9. 7' slight inflection — (9. 13' very strong inflection glands excessively blackened & have exuded blackened fluid & viscid secretion blackened— also Hair on peduncle & little points & on the tentacles before the tentacles on the disc —(see to these) All the water coloured.) They are little projecting Points. & apparently are absorbent
9. 45 immensely inflected & blackened
(11. the black is spreading from the little points
(2. 55' put into pure water) There were films on black fluid which looked silvery whether really so, I know not .)
Sept 10th 8. 30' Astonishing black — evidently killed.
78v
Sept 19th 9. A m — the fluid is now dingy purple & there is much more inherent golden films on surface & apparently on the gland— So that I do not know whether some may not aggregate in the fluid. — I can see quite plainly layer of gold over disc of 2 leaves which I discovered yesterday— This looks as if falls on disc— Perhaps safest wd be to say is precipitated on or near the glands which go on secreting & probably some aggregation in the generally fluid
(Sept 19 20th In course of day ie the 19th the oily golden film certainly increased so that the gold does aggregate from the secretion, but I think most energetically from the on or close to the glands— These golden films when lifted off on paper are purple with a metallic coat on the surface — Plenty of gold on disc & glands of other leaves— the paper from bit being coarse enough does not shine, but this case shows surface of gr purple matter becomes metallic — The bottom of saucer in which fluid was is all fairly gilded. —
(I put a drop of nitrous Muriatic A. on the fairly gilded saucer & it entirely removed the gilding & this left white spot)
Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)
File last updated 9 January, 2026