41

(1 1

May 27 .1874.    Phosphate of Amm 1gr to 750 ounce of water    31 minim.    8. A.m.

(5) (9., a rather large leaf lam. of leaf greatly inflected & every tent, but one)

   (2. all inflected) — (4.  5 lam. & many tentacles beginning to expand.

5. a very large no' of tents reexpanded

9. 40 P.m almost all expanded, except some over pedicel & few on one side.    & lam. of leaf fully expanded.

28' 7. 30' Sub-marginals sub-inflected like water spec.

p 1    202 tents, minus 1 (= 201)

(6) (9., all but 8 inflected.) (10., 30', all but 7)

   (2. all but 6 inflected ) or subinflcted)

9. 40 P.m. all expanded, except over pedicel & the marginals on one side & sub-marginals all round

(24th, 7. 30'    tents. over pedicel inflected & sub-marginal trc of discals forming a ring like water spec

p 2.    212 ( minus 7 (= 205)

Temp 66° in room from hot Greenhouse

very fine leaves

New Ph & water from W & Hopkins; weighed by myself Weighed by double-method & water measured as carefully as possible

(7) (9.,    a vast number inflected) (10., 30' all but 36 inflected or sub-inflected)

   (3. all but 22 inflected or subinflected.)

9. 40' P.m. a large number still inflected or sub-inflected, but not yet greatly reexpanded.

(28th 7. 30' like no 6', with tents, over pedicel inflected & sub-marg. sub-inflected forming obscure ring, like water specs.

(8)    (9., all but 32 inflected) (10.. 30    all but 21 inflected or sub-inflected)

   (2. 50' all but 4 or 5 (only sub-inflected) almost reexpanded.)

   (9. 40' fully reexpanded

(28' 7. .30'   or trace of sub-inflect. of sub-marginals)

(11. 30; all about same state I think)

41v

211

Chap. V

they were enraged. On no occasion could I see a frown on the forehead of the young orang. Twice I took two chimpanzees from their rather dark room suddenly into bright sunshine, which would certainly have caused it to frown; they blinked and winked their eyes, and on one occasion alone but only once did I distinctly saw see a very slight frown.

On another occasion, I tickled the nose of a chimpanzee with a straw, and as it crumpled up its face, slight vertical furrows appeared between the eyebrows. I have never seen a frown on the forehead of the orang.

The enraged gorilla in a state of nature is described as erecting its crest of hair, throwing down the its under lip, and with dilating its nostrils, & uttering terrific yells. Messrs. Savage and Wyman*(19) state that the scalp can be freely moved backwards and forwards, and, that it is said to be strongly contracted when the animal is excited; but I presume that they mean by this expression that the scalp is much lowered; for they likewise speak of the young chimpanzee, when crying out, "as having the eyebrows strongly contracted." The great power of movement in the scalp of the gorilla, of many baboons and other monkeys, for instance of the Cynopitecus niger deserves notice in relation to the power possessed by some few men, either through through reversion or persistence, of voluntarily moving their scalps.*(20)

42

1A (1A

   May 27th    1874     Water    30 minms

7. 54'.  

(1)    9.. (45 inflected) (10. 30'. do)    (2.    beginning to reexpand

   (3., only after 7h  before '2.' above about 10 more considerably inflected, & some others slightly inflected.)

(5., 4 Water leaves all almost completely expanded)

28th 7. 30' A.m submarginals inflected all round disc, & more inflection than at 5. P.m yesterday

(2) (9., 7 inflected) (10.. 30' do)

28th    7. 30 A. m.    good ring on disc

(3) (9., .)    — (28th    7. 30'    slight ring on disc

(4) (9.  5    6 or 7 inflected or sub-inflected) (10. 30', do)

   (2. aft 6h almost reexpanded)

   28th 7. 30' A m. — trace of sub-inflection in sub-marginals

(11. 30, all same)

42v

(103

(We thus see that the nine salts of ammonia which have been tried are all potent, though in different degrees, in causing the tentacle & sometimes the laminæ of the leaf leaves to become inflected. Of these salts those which have been were observed all caused the purple fluid within the cells of the tentacle to undergo segregation, though at very different rates. In the various nitrogenous organic & nitrogenous fluids formerly specified all not in the same manner cause evidence inflection desegregation whilst other organic & non-nitrogenous fluids to produce no such effect, we may reasonably suspect that it is the nitrogen in the salts of ammonia which acts, is efficient. On the other hand, nevertheless, as we shall immediately see, solution of other salts which do not contain any nitrogen, likewise cause inflection, whist equally strong solution of other salts produce no such effect.

43

2 (2

May 28 /74/    Phos. of Ammonia 1 gr to 1000 ounces of Franklands distilled water —  The Phos. from Hopkins & Williams —    weighed by Border's double method & water measured by Boys most carefully    30 minims to each leaf    (8.    6' A. m.) (Temp. 65°.)

(5) (8. 30' about 10 to inflected) (9. 35', 25 t. inflected.) (12., 35 inflected or sub-inflected)    (2. 40' all the longer sub-marginals forming a ring like no 3 water, & the next outer rows slightly sub-inflected.) (5. 30' in same state) .

(29th.    7. 30' same state)

(12. Tempt 67°

   (May 29th 2. 30' there is now hardy any difference between the Phosphate & water spec. all having ring of sub-marginals on disc, except that lamina of no' 8 is still inflected))

(May 30th 8. 30 A.m. all Phosphate & water spec. in same state)

(6) (8. 30', about 28 inflected.) (9. 35'    about 36 inflected) (12., all but 14 inflected or sub-inflected)    (2. 40 all but 18 inflected or sub-inflected.) (5. 30' beginning to reexpand, but with ring on disc.) (29th 7. 30'    mere trace of ring on disc)

(May 31'    8. A.m.    There is now no difference between water & Phosphate specimens.)

(7) (8. 30' all but 5 inflected, most of then quite closely (9.. lam. very slightly inflected)    (9. 35' do. lam certainly slight inflected.) (12. all but 5 .t. inflected & lam) (2.. 40' do.)    (5. 30'    beginning to reexpand)

(29', 7. 30'    ring on disc & a great number of tent at right angles, exterior ones fully expanded)

p 4.    233 t. less. 5 (= 228)

p 5    255 less 5 = 250

(Count tents

(8) (8. 33'    all but 25  24 inflected closely or sub-inflected; lam: sub-inflected.) (9. 35, lam. strongly inflected.    (12. do. lam.: immensely inflected) (2. 45'    all but 27 or 28 inflected.)    (5. 30'    lam still inflected.)

(29th    7. 30, lam still sub-inflected, about 31 tent fully expanded; the remainders still p closely inflected .

(Count)

44

2 2A

May 28th 74.    Franklands distilled water    30 minims

8. A.m.

(1) (8. 30' about 10 to subinflected) (8. 35, .) (9. 40' ,.)    (12., ..)    (5. 30'    traces of ring on disc)

29th    7. 30'    strong ring on disc

(2) (8. 30' about 28 inflected) (8. 35', .)    (9. 40', 1 inflected) (12. do.)    (2. 35' trace of ring on disc (5. 30'    pretty plain ring on disc)

(29th    7. 30    same state)

(added some water to all 29th spec. 7. 30 including Phosphate)

(3) (8. 30'    all but 5 inflected; most of these quite closely)    (8. 35;, 6 inflected) (12., 20 inflected, a lot of these 20 marginals)    (I saw a minute fly on one of marginal tentacles)    (5. 30' marginals have reexpanded, but sub-marginals forming ring)

(29th    7. 30'    only obscure ring on discs

after 4.    ✔

(4) (8. 33' all but 26 inflected closely or sub-inflected; lam. sub-inflected.)    (8. 35    about 38 inflected) (9. 40, do) (12. do)    (2. 40'    all but 6 expanded)    (5. 30'    all but 1 expanded)

(29th    7. 30', all expanded.)    ✔

after 4.

45

(3 (4

May 30th 1874    Phosphate of Ammonia    1 gr to 1000 oz    1/2 dr. — see before for care in proportion — 8. 10' Temp 66°

(Keep) White Thread

(15) large old leaf (9. 15', 17 inflected & some outer row sub-inflected.) (10., 30' 59 inflected, but most of them sub-marginals.) (1., all but 2 inflected, but of the inflected ones 11 are only sub-inflected, the remainder closely inflected & lam: a little inflected.) (3. tents do, lam. very much considerably inflected)

(31', 8.  some reexpansion of outer marginals.) (June 1'— 8.    considerable reexpansion)

5

(16) large old leaf, 9. 16", 36 inflected (10.. 30' same state); (1. all but 54 inflected) 6    (3. about same state) (7. about same state) (31', 8. considerable reexpansion)

(17) (9. 18', all but 12 closely inflected, & some of 12 I think a trace of do (Keep) Black The (10. 35', all but 9 inflected & with 3 or 4 exceptions quit closely inflected: lam: a little inflected.)    (1. all but 4 inflected & almost every one most closely & lam: immensely inflected/) (3. many tent. quit closely inflected except 8 & these slightly inflected; lam. quit doubled up.) (7. same state) (31', 8. lam still closely 7 inflected, hardly any reexpansion (Jun 1' 8. same state) (p 4 233 to less 9 = 224)

8 A. m    Water Frankland

(11) (9. 13',    5 inflected) (10. (10. 40    same state) (2. (3., the 5 now beginning to reexpand)    (7., almost fully reexpanded, but some few sub-marginals become inflected)

   (31', 7. 40' some sub-marginal inflected) (June 1'    8.    same state

(12) (9. 13' ,.) (10. 40' ,.) (3., .) (7. partial ring on disc.)

   (31', 7.. 40'    sub-marg. inflected .) June 1' 8.    same state)

46

May 30th 1874 Phosphate of ammonia

 2 dr. of Ph. of Ammonia 1 gr. to 1000 oz— old (with water added) on abut 4 leaves had been immersed since 28th & had fully reexpanded — 1 new leaf immersed ab. 8º 20' (9º 40'. º) (11º 50' º) ( 2º 30' º) ( 4º 30 ring on disc) (7º P.m. do)

(June 1' 8º Am. º) ( = 7º P.m. º)  (Jun 2d 8º Am ,º)

(on original piece, partly obscured by pasted piece)   

31st    7º P.m.    all on this page in nearly same state

46

May 31' 74

2 dr. of Ph. of Ammonia 1 gr. to 1000 oz— old (with water added) on about 4 leaves had been immersed since 28th & had fully reexpanded — 1 new leaf immersed ab. 8º 20' (9º 40'. .) (11. 50' .) (2º 30' .) (4º 30 ring on disc) (7. P.m. do)

(June 1' 8º Am. .) (= 7. P.m. .) (Jun 2d 8. Am ,º)

46v

[Proof sheet of Expression, published, p. 269.]

47

4 3

   May 29th 1874.    Phosphate of Ammonia    1 gr to 1500 ounces    see experiments with 1 gr. to 1000 for all precautions.    30 minims    7. 57'

(1 dr of sol. of 1 gr. to 1000 oz was taken & 4 dr. of Franklands water added to the 1 dr.) (8. — 9. Temp 67° very warm)

(13) (9., 1 inflected) (10. 30, .)    (7. P.m.    sub-marginals a trace of inflection.)

(May 30th    7. 30'    some all sub-marginals moderately inflected & about 27 of the marginals fairly well inflected    !)

(14) (9., .) (10. 30', .)

   (7. P.m. .) (May 30' 7. 35    all the sub-marginals & marginals except the 2 outer rose sub-inflected.

(15) (9º, .) (10. 30', .)

   (7. P.m., .,) (May 30th    7. 35' like no, 14 except that about 3 outer rose not affected

(16) (9º, .) (10. 30', .)

   (7. P.m. ,.) (May 30th, 7. 40' like no 13, but all slightly inflected except outermost row.)

(N.B    May 30th    7. 40. I certainly think the Phosphate show a trace more action than the water specimens, but I have sometimes seen water specs. as much affected as those 4 Phosphate, it may be chance. but I think not.)

(11. 50' .no action in any of the Phosphates)

   2. 25'    .do    do.    do.   do

3A

May 29th 1874 Water, (Frankland) 30 minims

48

4 3A

   May 29th 1874    Water, (Franklands)    30 minims    7. 50'

(9) (8. 55, .) (10. 30'    .)

   May 31st    7. 30' A.m

(10) (8. 55', .) (10. 30' .)

   (7. P.m.    sub-marginals a ring.) — 30th 7. 30' good ring & sub-marginals sub-inflected.

(11) (8. 55', 17 to inflected (I had better use this)) (10. 30', there is little decayed fly in middle

(7. P.m.    sub-marginals a ring) — 30th 7. 30 do

(12) (8. 55', .) (10. 30', .)

   (7. Pm. ,.) — 30th 7. 30. do some sub-marginals sub-inflected

11. 50'    no action in any of these spec except (11) which I may omit .

2. 20'    no action, except a trace here & there of some sub-marginals, rather upright

49

(4A 8

   Phosph May 30' 1874    Phosphate of Ammonia 1 to 1500 oz 5000 oz    1/2 drach to each leaf. (see  before for care in proportion)    Temp 66°    8.. 5' A.m

(13) (9. 14', .) (31st    7. 45'    sub-marg, good ring)

   (31' 7. 45' some sub-marg. slightly affected, not more or so much as some water spec.)

(June 1st    8. A.m. same state)

   (There can be no doubt the Phosphate after 24h has produced some effect on 2 of the leaves.)

(10. 30' no action in 3 Phosphates    10 ,.,    3.. do    7. . .)

(14) (rather old) (9. 14', 1 sub-inflected (7. 2 or 3 others sub-inflected)

   (31st    7. 45', all the marginals, (& those over pedicel) except the outermost row, & 3 or 4 11 of the extreme marginals much inflected, almost closely: no doubt some effect.

7. P.m. a vast number of marginals inflected, all but 6 or 7 sub-inflected. (June 1'. 8. all but 3 inflected, & most of these pretty closely; 4 or 5 only sub-inflected: : lam. not inflected) (p. 3 178 to less 3 = 175) (Kept) Whit & Black

(21) most (9. 14', .) (31' 7. 45', lam. on both sides sub-inflected, & all the tents, except the outermost row sub-inflected : certainly some effect.) 7. P.m. lam. well inflected, all but 9 inflected or sub-inflected.) (June 1' 8.    same state)

7. 55' Water Franklands

(9) (9. 10, 12 inflected) (10. 40; same state) (3. do & ring on disc)

   7., good ring) (31st, 7. 40' ring on disc), only submarginals sub- inflected.)

7. P.m. same state

(June 1', 8. good ring on disc)

   discals & sub-marg.

(10) (9. 10', 42 inflected.) (10. 30' same state) (3. only 31, inflected)

   (7., only 4 sub-inflected) (31st    7. 40'    none inflected only trace of ring on disc)

discals & sub-marg.    7. P.m. same state

   (June 1' 8. good ring on disc.)

(June 1' These 2 water specs, great contrast with the Phosphate specimens)