RECORD: Darwin, C. R. 1869.03.21-05.27. Inside of leaves channelled with very small & separate glands. CUL-DAR60.1.149-152. Edited by John van Wyhe (Darwin Online, http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Christine Chua and edited by John van Wyhe 12.2022. RN1

NOTE: See record in the Darwin Online manuscript catalogue, enter its Identifier here. Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin. The volumes CUL-DAR 54-61 contain material for Darwin's book Insectivorous plants (1875).


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Inside of leaves channeled with very small & sessile glands —

On margin & back of leaves much larger glands seated on footstalks & like mushroom— red— arranged in straight long row, with small sessile glands—, less regularly placed in rows, between the rows of greater glands

18' to 10°. I placed atoms of meat on 2 glands & after 24° could detect no sort of movement or change — But weather cold & plants not quite recovered, yet glands secrete copiously.

March 21. 69— Drosophyllum Lusitanicum.

April 5th. — Certainly no movement, for many small diptera have been caught; & tried with meat & irritation with needle.

I can hardly doubt the viscid secretion attracts flies — Flies much softened by fluid too many for chance.—

(The secretion is distinctly acid, judged by litmus paper.) /over

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The gland is convex, close & slightly concave below, exactly like red mushroom on green footstalk—

The convex surface is formed of polygonal or hexagonal large cells, certainly much red chlorophy — which is granular & the granules together make mulberry like masses— Towards circumference, the cells drawn out rather in rays, & filled only with purplish fluid.— (I cd not detect any clear result from meat. — In some cases I think the mulberry masses became aggregated into smaller balls — but this did not always occurred, & occurred after chips of wood placed for 24° on glands— I thought meat caused absorption of viscid fluid, but this also a mistake for this followed from chip of wood.)

A bundle of spiral vessels to each gland.

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April. 4' 69 Drosophyllum.

The secretion colours Litmus paper conspicuously pink.

(The plant, though now so very few insects, about owing to cold weather catches many small Diptera in Hot-house— must be in some way attractive to them.) (The insects surprisingly softened.)

Convexity of disc & amt of fluid — Bits of Wood

(I can perceive not the slightest evidence after examining many caught insects of any sort of movement or contraction in the glands.)

Each gland furnished with bundle of spiral vessels. The whole surface of leaf studded with small colourless glands; (like Dionæa?)

Surface of gland not convex— like mushroom, beautifully circular, purple, cellular structure, with cells rather radiating: in central part red chlorophyll, aggregated in grain near surface —) I imagine this ch red chlorophyll more aggregated into granules in the heads which have caught than in others.

(The peduncle of glands, which is short, contains only green chlorophyll, & p the disc, which instead of being elongated is mushroom-shaped, appears functionally & certainly in colour /over

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to correspond with whole filament of Drosera.—

The centre of mushroom seem to have a different structure, smaller cells than the circumference.─

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Drosophyllum April 27' 69. I immersed in watch glass with sol. of Carb. of Ammonia, (2 gr. to 1 oz) for 3° part of leaf; but I could perceive afterwards no general difference in colour or contents of cells of exposed & unexposed portions — In the latter the purple contents formed in many glands compact granular mulberry masses. — Sm The very small glands with hardly any peduncles are colourless. —

In very large plants sent me by Mr G. Maw, inner surface deeply & angularly concave with the glands small— There is naked line on posterior surface — Glands very unequal in size rudely arranged in lines. —

Flower-stalk & sepals thickly covered with male secreting glands —

 like Lychnis. dioica &c &c &c

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May 17th — 1869. Drosophyllum— I have looked carefully at many leaves which had caught Flies & after removing them, could see no shortening or bending or change of colour no effect whatever.


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Citation: John van Wyhe, ed. 2002-. The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. (http://darwin-online.org.uk/)

File last updated 14 February, 2023