(1

Drosera round-leaved Hartfield

July 17 between 1 P.m & 7 — put 4 flies on open flat leaves — in few hours many hairs had clasped over — These 4 flowers marked by white thread — Even a gnat caused leaves to curl in. Edges of leaf curl over — This is subsequent process

July 18' at 7° 45' put spider on (white Thread) in 2 hours found several H hairs collapsed over it— leaf carry spider quite flat— Back of leaf in same plane with footstalk 11° 30' 3 hairs near tail

18th— 10 Am. Blue-Thread — a bit of paper, dry stick, quill & moss—

― 10°. 30' Red Thread — raw meat 11° 30' many hairs sucking

― 11°. 30' (red) irritation 3° Pm Hairs closed in no more irritation middle hairs all inflexed some of Flies put in on 17' were found dead, some were killed, so that hardly kicked — one was naturally caught by feet & so kicked long — no difference in result so not irritation — I see now extreme hair is all turned in at least at ∟ angle

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Drosera rotundifolia

July 19 11' A.m. The leaf which had green-eyed small fly caught 6 P.m on 17th naturally by feet on one side of leaf, first closed over during 18th & in evening of that day had from from sympathy the hairs on other side half of leaf closed over, now this morning has the hairs resuming natural position on this unoccupied half; but all the marginal hairs are still firmly closed over the little fly itself

July 19th 11 A.m. The hairs all remain closed over the 3 other flies put in between 1 P.m. & 7 7° on the 17th.—

do The spider put in on 18th 8 Am. which was very little covered up, now has hairs closed over it, but affected far slower & less efficiently than in other cases perhaps old leaf

[2v]

[continuation of p. 3]

July 19th

(Ju 20th. 10 A.m. all Hairs straight)

when leaf inflected

July 20 10 A m. all hairs straight again ie in 17 hours. On 20' 10 A. m. put in fly — July 21 All Hairs now closed in perfectly over fly; shows certainly that after closing in once & opening will energetically close again. 25th. 12°. 30' —

(Hairs now all expanded again & viscid & pink)

(on this day none of leaves with meat or flies were at all open again)

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[July 19th] the bit of quill, paper & moss (now in for 25 hours) are very little covered up quite differently from flies; but one bit of short stick pretty well covered up. — perhaps owing to my having pressed stick in well in. 11°. 15 put bit of leaf meat by side of moss & paper, where marginal hairs straight.

The bit of beef caused the hairs to turn in wonderfully quickly & completely — The plane of leaf turn in with respect to footstalk.

11°. 20' (double red Thread) irritated leaf with several Hair bent.

12 30' several hairs turned in (4. 30 all central hairs inflected)

12 35 do long Thread (moth specn not one hair crooked.) in 20' some hairs turned in (4°30' all hairs turned in, even most of marginal hairs—)

11°. 27' 23 (double blue-thread) bit of dry & then wetted stick Hairs straight 12° 30' several Hairs turned in many hairs inflected.

July 21'. 3 P.m almost all hairs f reflexed again. — so with all stick put in on 18th.

11. 27 (three red Thread) bit of beef on large old leaf

Hairs were all straight — 23d. Hairs nearly straight

2.. 10' (4 red Thread) irritated all hairs after touching nearly upright / 2° 50' irritated again. 4° 30' several hairs depressed

July 20th 10 Am all hairs straight: 10° 15' put fly on marginal hairs.

[3v]

July 19th Conclusions Evening —

Irritation with stiff camel-hair pencil-brush causes hairs (& margin of?) to ne inflected — as does dead flies small & large — as does bit of dead stick. — Raw beef meat certainly seem to do it more quickly than any other object. — Old leaves slower — Hairs on one lateral side of leaf will turn in first & subsequently by sympathy those on other side then latter become straight soon again: after hairs inflected, edge of leaf become inflected, the extreme marginal hairs subsequent to those more central, & whole leaf with respect to footstalk.—

(4

July 20' the leaves on which paper & moss were put & on which I subsequently put meat, certainly had hairs in consequence much depressed. — The lea hairs which begin to uncurl after having had fly, seem to have extra quantity of viscid juice on the beads at end.—

July 20' 10° 30' Black thread bit of meat on marginal Hairs

(July 20. 1. 15 meat on long-leaved D. all hairs erect)

1. 25 put meat — Pea — Paper & Moss on leaves

3°. 30' leaves all equally clasped over meat & these other substances, which were all wet —

July 21. I now must say certainly close equally over wet organic substances like moss- feather, paper as over meat.— Hard to judge, for age of leaf affecting process, but I think closure more energetic over meat than over these substances

(The narrow-leaved Drosera behave in same manner & catches flies, but leaves bows over more exclusively from tip towards footstalk.)

I may say objects put on marginal hairs tend to be rolled in & enclosed

[4v]

As flies put on marginal hairs are rolled in — & as flies put in centre are lastly clasped by marginal hair secretion is conveyed centripetally & centrifugally — also laterally as in Fly put on one side.

40 1/2

7 1/2

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July 21. 2°. 45' 3 bits of dry cinder (Double Rush)

Ju 22. 9. 45 am. On one of these bits the hairs closed pretty well; on 2 other in very slight degree.— Removed these two & put on flies. 5° 45'; 7 1/2 & now these are fairly well embraced by hairs — Hence bearing in mind my former experiment, when I put flies on side of leaf with bit of paper moss &c & saw the hairs collapse so much more vigorously over them — we may conclude there is some knowledge. (over)

The rolling inward action of external Hairs I look at now as certain, though in one case it was not very effective

July 22d. 9. 45

Single blue 18th 10 & double blue Thread 19. 11° 30' the bits of sticks are now quite perfectly loose, put on 9° 50' bits of flies. 5. 45 these bits of flies now partially embraced by Hairs: July 22d 7° 30' A m.— now well embraced by all central hairs & some few marginal ones

July 22d. 10 A. m. Rush in loop fly on one side of leaf 5. 45 well embraced on one side of leaf alone

22d 10 A.m. red & blue thread.— leaf which had naturally caught already 2 small flies & had naturally reopened — put on fresh-fly — 5°. 45' pretty well embraced — (The flies seem digested, & subsequently torn to pieces by subsequent retraction or expansion of hairs.) 23d. 7° 30' Am. now thoroughly well embraced & edge of leaf itself turned over.

25th. 12 now nearly reexpanded.

[5v]

I think certainly hair-gland secrete more, when fly on leaf & when some hairs have begun to suck.

The two bits of cinder had been on 19 hours & hairs had not in least clasped them; & when taken off & bits of flies put on, in 8 hours they were fairly well clasped by hairs. These two leaves were evidently inactive leaves, for the third clasped well the cinder, yet these inactive leaves were excited by animal matter. July 23 7° 30' Am these two leaves now splendidly curled in, both limb of leaf & all the hairs — Whereas the 3d leaf which had well clasped the cinder, has now quite loosed it!! & all hairs straight. — put on 21st at 2°. 45'

say 2°. P.m on 21' — 24

7' A.m. on 23. 24 less 7 / 17 [+] 24 [=] 41

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July 23rd 10 Am.— The one leaf with fly put on nearly nearly 5 days & 1/2 ago begin to has almost all hairs expanded again: another slightly so, & another bit little — Bit of meat put on leaf under 4 days ago expanded.— Two bits of stick put on leaves & causing inflection, were again fully expanded in 3 days 6h & the other in 2 days — 3h..

(The long-leafed kind Drosera unrolled leaf after fly put in 2 days─ 18 hour is now open again)

It seems that when some of hairs are addressed on prey, the others secrete more copiously — after being for some days in contact with prey — the terminal glands & pedicel become intense red— finally glands shrinks & becomes almost opake & is surrounded with slightly opake matter, inspissated secretion — the pedicel now contain cells elongated cylindrical & almost spherical cells of intense red— I believe that glands ultimately assume their former more transparent appearance & secrete again. — Sometime after attacking meat, the heads drop off.—

[sketch] This had meat on it & has self expanded

July 23d 11 AM — Dark dots near dry dark gland— circles secreting more transparent ones (thick Thread & zinc)

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25th 12. 30 The flies put on 17th are now some quite loose & often nearly loose — The inorganic substance put on 18' have been for some days utterly loose & roll off & glands recovered with viscid matter & bright pink

The head of fly put on 22d 10 a.m. looped rush on one side of leaf has now hairs again all expanded.

Glands & pedicel in natural state all bright pink after food colour concentrates in cell (?) cylindrical & subspherical— or say broken up

The meat seems too strong & sometimes often covered with mold.

25. 1˚ Double rush & zinc put on bit of sponge

The flies seem quite tender & decayed after being put on.—

26' 10. 30 red & blue 3d fly put on. 27' caught fly very imperfectly

Gamboge & smashed fly made leaf flaccid — indigo no effect. 28' Hair on one side pretty well closed in Hairs which had collapsed for. (I think) 2 days over bit of sponge, were nearly all red; a few were slightly mottled; but red colour not much broken up.─

[21v]

Sometime hair never recover expand themselves after having caught fly — Innumerable instances of opening after catching flies

[data not transcribed]

But this does not give full amt form some catch double & some of [illeg] have been young & wd have caught flies

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28th

In leaf which has never closed colour uniform— broken up into spheres & cylinders in those which have: the extreme marginal hair less than others — I believe after breaking up came uniform again

I believe that Hair, recover uniform colouring but cannot be certain— some have become almost colourless —

[illeg] of acetic acid & spirit caused leaf to collapse violently, but very slowly

On paper some colour excreted — Hairs with broken colour collapsed over paper — Bark of twig of Heath stained — surprising quantity of viscid fluid—

over moss & Heath colour broken up into cylinders & spherical.—

Try wing of small fly & mere touch with needle.

Creosote — Spirit of wine vapour— Ether

Fly on back of leaf

10)

28th 2. 30 body of most minute gnat (near Basin) in 2 1/2 hrs most hairs curled in

― one prick with needle 5° P.m is 2 1/2 hrs a prick in centre caused leaf to curl in —

― do. no effect

― touch with fine Brush no effect

A leaf caught a small = Heath Butterfly

(6 leaves 6 insects —) in one large leaf remains of at least 12 13 Flies

Flys on back in 5 2 1/2 hour caused hairs & edges of leaf itself to curl in, as much as if fly put on firmly— Marginal hairs were previously directed backwards now almost all (all in one) curled in —

Edges of limb of leaf curled in.—

This Shows not glands solely sensitive; but they are so as shown by marginal-hairs with flies

Next morning hairs on these leaves straight again

Pin driven through 2 leaves near base of footstalk no effect — 2 pins driven through upper part of footstalk no effect

12. 40. Chloroform in 1/2 hour flaccid, no curling nearly killed & blackened in 1. 15 put on flies

(11

Sunday 29th

4°. 3' — Exposed one poor plant to 7' minutes vapour & then put on flies, ie 4°. 10' P.m. These seven' made leaves droop & flaccid.—) Killed

Monday 30th 9°. 30' Exposed for 1' to chloroform & then put on flies — excellent plant} not killed injured

Monday 1°. Exposed for 30" to vapour under large [hereafter] & put on flies / 10 P.m. no leaf shut (except one near young leaf) (Tuesday 31st 8. A.m. no more closed) (1°. P m not closed in now 24 hours.—)

Wednesday Aug. 1st. a young leaf had opened 9 A.m put on fly to see is plant still sensitive. 1 P.m (ie in 4 hours) hair pretty well turned in — (No other leaves moved in now 48 hours.—) 2° 15' well closed the one leaf in 5° 15' hours — This shows plant not injured for the leaf which opened on 2d day was as capable of seizing leaf as any other. — I may say other leaves did not close in nearly 2 days as long as watched.

Little fly on middle Hairs shows that these are sensitive