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Botany

Annales des Sciences (2d Seri) Bot. Tom. I [1834]

p. 16. Monograph. de Balbisia & Robinsonia (Compositæ) J. Decaisne — These two genera & Rea from 14 species of the plants peculiar & most remarkable of Juan Fernandez. — (Rea described in Archives de Bot. II p. 330) — Arborescent compositæ. —

p 19. Robinsonia remarkable though being dioicous yet they have flowers

(Mem. the Elizabeth Isd. plant.) of same sex of different forms.— viz both "ligulés ou flosculeux" (passage by jump)

p 24. Compositæ described generally as without perisperm, yet some of the species of Robinsonia show traces of it — so that within same genus this character varies — These genera from which small tribe in the Seneciones very distinct & group.

Nearest affinity to two allied genera from Sandwich Islands!! 1 Balbisia 4. Robinsonia \ 9 Rea!

[J. Decaisne. Monographie des genres Balbisia et Robinsonia, de la familes des Composées, pp. 16-30.]

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2d. Ser. Bot. Tom I. p. 333 (Q) Obser. sur plusieurs genres des Salicarées Aug. St. Hilaire. — Diplusodon offers another example of balancement between stamens & petals.

p 380 Guthnick states that Phyteumia pauciflorum & P. globulariæfolium are not distinct; a humid & dry year makes the difference in their leaves. (jump or passage). Agar Ph. ellipticum & orbiculare are not distinct — the difference in the flowers & leaves disappears in autumn

Tom 2. p. 8. Decaisne Florula Sinaica

[Énumération des plantes recueillies par M. Bové dans les deux Arabies, la Palestine, la Syrie et l'Égypte.]

Some plants mentioned on top M. Sinai 6000 & 7000 ft do not appear like Europæan Alpine plants — do. Tom 3. p. 289. & Tom p. 2-57 The Cuscuta arabica of M. Fresenius differs from C. epithymum in form of calyx & Corolla but specimens collected in south of France presented intermediate forms. — The height of stamens with (a)

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respect to corolla varies, according to maturity of flowers, as happens in the Primulaceæ& Borraginnes.

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Bot. 2d S. An. S. N. Tom 2. (Q)

(Q) p. 119. Koch sur le Taraxicum officinale et palustre. — sowed seeds of T. palustre & next year raised — T. palustre, T erectum, T. nigricans T. corniculatum T. officinale. — the leaves known to be variable & has ascertained that the colour of plant, form & colour of scales of involucrum & of the fruit are not less subject to vary

p. 308. Obser. sur la Flore du Japon par C. Morren & Decaisne. — The vegetation unites genera, belonging to Tropics & to the northern regions of new & old world.

Tom 3. p. 26. Lessing sur la Flore de l' Oural disputes Gmelins fact of the Jenisei separating Siberian & Europ. floras.— Ledebour Flora Altaica shows considerable difference between Altai & Europe — out 301 Oural plants only 60 not found in Europe

p 27. vegetation very different on E & W flank

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20 Siberian plants not found on West flanck

p 29. Flora of Oural & Caucasus very different the few in common are the Siberian mountain plants.— (ie nearly same longitude) The proportion in orders of plants on Oural & on surrounding steppes very different — Flora of steppes much less Europæan

p. 50 Prodromus Floræ Norfolkicæ Aut S. Endlicher (review) —

p. 55 of 35 ferns 10 new — of 25 monocot. 15 new — 77 Dicot. 45 new — remarks on wider ranges of ferns & hence numerical great proportion in islands & hence if all islands are taken (as Forster has done) in one glance proportion to other plants not so vary — viz 1: 5 1/12 In Norfolk Isld Ferns to phanerogam. 1: 3. in New Zealand 1: 4 &c. — (This bears on the creation of Ferns) — All the N. Isd plants not new are common to N. Zealand & Australia

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& not common to N. Caledonia, but only 80 plants known from there.— p 52. Thelychiton (a new genus of Orchid) has 3 species — Piper has 4 new, — Ipomœa 3 new & 1 old.— See Geograph. Journal for Machonichies paper on small size & height of isld. best case — compare size with (a) St. Helena (see my geology)

p. 129. Schouw geographie des Plantes (from Linnæa) Reg. sup de Java has most relation with the sub-alpine Himmalaya — form extra-tropical replace tropical — forests of oak.— Plantago veronica gentiana Vaccinium, Bellis Galium &c &c &c. — (Must have been a cool mundane climate).

p 139. S. America. East of Andes from Tropics to 40°S.— More than 1/2 the genera common to Europe.

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(a) Such facts are very good, as we may feel sure in these cases not introduced from some foreign land & there since exterminated — apply this to the Galapagos genera, where many species.

[figure] Orthosperm

[figure] Coelosperm

[figure] Carnopylosperm

[other figures]

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H. Mohl sur le pollen p. 305 — that plants of same family have same form of pollen cannot be taken as true in any extension.

(Q) p. 375. Koch. Flora d' Allemagne — the seed of same species of Isatis has produced I. linatoria, campestris, præcox dasycarpa D. Cand, & others of various authors

(Q) p 378 With respect to Sisyrubrium Austracus, from author, concludes that following forms belong to it viz S. eckartsbergense, multisiliquasum taraxacifolium, D. Cand acutangulum D. Can.—

Tom IV. J. Tausch Class: des Ombelliferes

(Q) p. 41 — the form of Albume has serves M. Koch & Decandolle for classification of Umbelliferes — but the Hasselquistia bears 2 kinds of seeds, those of that f rayon sont orthospermes, & celles des disques cœlospermes — the same (relation to flower)

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(Q) thing one sees in Coriander (Speculate on this & give it as instance of a secondary change, for we cannot suppose this difference in structure of seed of any use, whilst we know in Compositæ that apparently from difference in space flowers differ in disk & centre (& so Umbelliferes?) & are aborted in guelder rose — Spengel even fancies a use in this to attract insects.—

Why may not presume equally affect seeds as flowers?) The author gives several cases showing the orders for albumen do not always hold good.—

p 48 Al. Braun Notice sur les Lolium en general.—

p. 49. The var. aristée of the L. temulantum is found in fields of barley & oats — var. mutique in those of summer-corn —

p 50 the L. canadense. which is a var. of L. arvense only is found in fields of flax.

p. 64. The Linaria cymbelaria wh. now covers walls of Bâle, was not found in whole district in time of Baulin (Hagenbach)

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Tom. V. Edwards & Colin — Vegetation des Céréales. p. 11.— size of seed determine period modifies powerfully the development of plant under a certain heat. (ie whether they will throw up stalks or not when planted out of their proper time).

[insertion:] Give my case of Grass & wheat on Coast of Chile with respect to rain

p. 12. as winter-wheat sowed in Spring merely make leaves, so Spring wheat sowed in July only make leaves — so in hot countries wheat only makes leaves —

p 22 — There is var. in England which may be sown either in Autumn or Spring (& will produce seed). but M. Bella at Grignon found it would not succeed at Grignon, that greater heat there, wd not allow it to make stalks, just as if it had been a true winter wheat— curious & good case of exact adaptation of a var. wheat to its own climate.

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Tom. V. p. 109. Enumeration des plantes en Corse par. U.— de Salis-Marschlins (from Flora 1833. & 1834 vol 2)— The similarity of veg. of the mountains between 5, & 8000 ft. not nearly so close as supposed with Alps — X  some species exist only here in Corsica only under the form of vars. & there are several doubtful species.— X Primula Gentiana Campanula, Pedicularis &c are not found on these mountains.—

p 113 The Scabiosa grandiflora common near Bastia presents an autumnal form viz. B. macrocalycina. (Good proof of effects of climate; & & of sudden manner of variation? see to description). Several of the indigenous species seem Alpine, worth looking to Book & counting.)

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p. 377. quotes from Flora 1835. p. 106. Wiegmann gives case of variation of Iris from M. Berg — & of Calceolaria— Editor refers to Bon Cultivateur Dec. 1835 for paper by M. Soyer-Willemet on great variation of Fuchsia globosa (all these worth referring to. —)

Tom VI. p. 260. Ed. Spach sur les Cistacées in the tribe of Léchidées — in some species only, the primordial flower in each inflorescence is ordinary 5-petaled, whilst all the other flowers are apetalous. Bears on carrot??

p. 273 Steinheil — "genres Scilla et Urginea"— remarks that it is only owing to the number of varieties which have been produced that one owes the existence of such genera, as "Prunus Cerasus, Malus Pyrus &c"

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Tom vi. J. B. Guillemin "Plantes des îles de la Société"

p 298. in Bot. of. V. of Beechey Hooker & Arnott have published a Flora of Society Isles. "Bemerkungen über die Flora der sud-seeinseln. von Steph. Endlicher"

p 300 Flora has chief relation to India (including Mauritius & Madagascar!) none with America, whilst Juan Fernandez is Chilean has, but yet with traces of the Oceanic Flora as in case of the Santalum common to Sandwich Islds. — in Tahiti also relation, with Australia & N. Zealand.—

p 300. Geographical distance has little to do with Geographical distribution of plants!!!!!! — (Guillemin wrote article Geograph. Bot. in Dict. Classique)

p. 303 Tahiti has numerically a tolerably rich Flora — the proport number of Urticaceæ, greater than on Continents, & so the Nyctaginées, though their absolute number is only 4 or 5

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The case of atolls almost shows (though we must not forget ## former included land) that Hooker's argument that chance wd not bring all families about equally is somehow faulty.

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p. 303— the proport. number of Orchideæ remarkable; but the most remarkable fact is small proport of Compositæ, a fact common to Guyana & Indian Archipelago.—

p 304. One has reason to be astonished in not finding here more plants, belonging to certain tropical families, as the Palms, Passiflora, (Hooker remarked that these are exclusively American!!) Meliacees, Zanthoxylees, Aurantiacees Mimosees (only one species of latter).

(From all these remarks I gather proport. numbers different from most Tropical countries with same conditions; hence, perhaps, we may conclude that Tahiti was never united to an existing continent. It is evident that dissimilarity of proport. numbers, (seeing the dissimilarity in the Steppes & Oural) is no argument against former continuity:— I am astounded Galapagos, even if it had been connected, shd have same proport. numbers.

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Tom IX. p. 193. Ad. Steinheil Flora de Barbarie — many varieties of Rumex bucephalophorus, & the same parts vary in same manner as constitute species in another section of genus — These latter have wide range in almost all parts of world, whilst R. b is confined to near Mediterranean

p. 195. Emex & Urginea have each a representative species, outside Tropics in N. & S. hemisphere—

p 197. — There are 4 woody species of Rumex, one found in Chile, one 2 Canary Isd. 3 Tristan d' Acunha & 4th Sandwich isld.

p. 197. quotes Decandolle "les genres les plus nombreux en especes sont, en moyenne, ceux dont l' aire est la plus grande"

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Tom X. p 231. C. Martins Sur le mont Ventoux Provence. — The Fagus sylvatica (une circonstance assez curieuse) shows itself at first at 1132 metres stunted, at 1240 metres usual height, & which then rediminishes up to 1666 metres, its utmost limit— This takes place only on south side of mountain. It certainly appears rare a tree being stunted on so si lower side of range, which shows importance of struggle against other organic beings.—

p 234. There is an average difference of 200 to 300 metres of height to which same trees ascend on N. & S. side of mountain. — shows importance of climate.

(Q) Tom XI. p 281. A. de Candolle sur les Bignoniacees— one never finds graines ailees dans indehiscent fruit, (cd not escape to be blown) a new example of the necessity of correlations in organs.

p. 380 Harvey in his Genera of S. African plants admits 1086 genera & values species at 8500

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Tom XII. p. 130. Al. de Candolle sur les Lobeliacees

This family, (like the Compositæ & Campanulaceæ) become woody & fleshy, as at Sandwich Isd St. Helena & Tahiti— attributes it to humidity of air

Tom XIII p 377. "Schleiden et Vogel Dévelopment des fleurs des Legumineuses."— The flowers are perfectly regular in their origin — The parts united are born as free extremities

Tom XVIII p 183. L Bravais sur les Nectaires — nectar sometimes secreted before emission of pollen, always accompanies it, & often after it

p. 194 C. Martins Distrib. des Vegetaux en Suisse — The Fagus sylvaticus & other trees, in Gardens can live further north in Sweden than they grow wild.

p. 199 The order of distribution of trees differs between the North & on Swiss mountains, but agrees with it on the Grimsel

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& another analogy that on the mountain & the North the trees do not become dwarfed, as one so often sees on high mountains (This dwarfing is evidently obscure; he attributes it to wind)

p 219. C. Dareste— Monstruosite du Delphinium ajacis — l' espece existe mais tres petit, souvent même rudimentaire, souvent meme il ne se révèle que par l' existence d' une simple bosse

Tom XIX p. 178 Regel sur le genre Hypochœris — (from Linnæa 1842 p. 43) the shows that most of the characters, on which authors have founded their species, are variable shown by repeated culture — only 2 characters permanent length of the aigrette itself & respective length of Corolla & involucre

(perhaps worth consulting)