[149]

Hildebrands Book [Geschlechter-Vertheilung bei den Pflanzen, 1867]

p. 13 Lower flowers have separated sexes — The separation of sexes may have favoured their preservation to present time.

32 More Dichogamous than non Dichogam sp. "say extremely numerous" & Quote

[Cross and self fertilisation, pp. 381-2: "I have also given reasons for believing that the inefficiency of a plant's own pollen is in most cases an incidental result, or has not been specially acquired for the sake of preventing self-fertilisation. On the other hand, there can hardly be a doubt that dichogamy, which prevails according to Hildebrand* in the greater number of species ,—that the heterostyled condition of certain plants,—and that many mechanical structures—have all been acquired so as both to check self-fertilisation and to favour cross-fertilisation.
* 'Die Geschlechter Vertheiling' etc. page 32."]  

54 Viola tricolor carefully described

90 Law of avoided self-fertilisation very old, for applies to many Cryptogams the oldest plants.

[Cross and self fertilisation, p. 400: "That some of the most ancient plants, such as ferns, possessed true sexual organs there can hardly be a doubt; and this shows, as Hildebrand remarks,† at how early a period the sexes were separated..
† 'Die Geschlechter-Vertheilung' 1867 pages 84-90."]

H. Müller

p. 426 429. 443. 445 {About very small flowers, perhaps perfect by self fert Colour & size of corolla 2 most variable elements

[Cross and self fertilisation, p. 383: "Hermann Müller has proved by his valuable observations, that large conspicuous flowers are visited much more frequently and by many more kinds of insects, than are small inconspicuous flowers. He further remarks that the flowers which are rarely visited must be capable of self-fertilisation, otherwise they would quickly become extinct.*
* 'Befruchtung' etc. page 426. 'Nature' 1873 page 433."]

430 remarks that oldest plants wind-flowers, but I previously remarked this M. gives instances.

& 412 → on Ent. become anemoph, Thiselton

― Honey is the chief attraction

434 Solanum — very little attraction. (*to above) Protection of another very important Kerner

149 willows descended from old anemophilous plants.

173 On Abutilon (for self-sterile Plants)

306. More fertilisation by a distinct plant — F. Mullers (Bignonia) pollen from other sp more effective [illeg] than own

412 on entomophilous plants easily becoming anemophilous

I have never doubted about importance of self-fert how small of proportion but quote him p. 445 & [illeg]

[150]

Melastomaceæ — p. 412 entomophilous easily become anemophilous. — Compositæ Delpino

[Cross and self fertilisation, p. 400: "* Delpino 'Ult. Osservazioni sulla Dicogamia' part ii. fasc. 1 1870 and 'Studi sopra un Lignaggio anemofilo' etc. 1871. H. Müller, 'Die Befruchtung' etc. pages 412, 442."]

165

289

412

426 the end Big & conspicuous & [illeg] flowers reference

429

443

445

p 431. *quote H. Muller advantage of visits confined to certain insects? nectar

See note discussion on about whole subject

Rhubarb — Plantago 2 species in same genus

[Cross and self fertilisation, p. 382: "It may be admitted as almost certain that some structures, such as a narrow elongated nectary, or a long tubular corolla, have been developed in order that certain kinds of insects alone should obtain the nectar. These insects would thus find a store of nectar preserved from the attacks of other insects; and they would thus be led to visit frequently such flowers and to carry pollen from one to the other.†
† See the interesting discussion on this subject by H. Müller, 'Die Befruchtung' etc. page 431."]

442 passage of Ericaceæ & many Leguminosæ Entomophile into anemophilous

[Cross and self fertilisation, p. 400: "Anemophilous Plants.—The nature and relations of plants which are fertilised by the wind have been admirably discussed by Delpino* and H. Müller; and I have already made some remarks on the structure of their flowers in contrast with those of entomophilous species.
* Delpino 'Ult. Osservazioni sulla Dicogamia' part ii. fasc. 1 1870 and 'Studi sopra un Lignaggio anemofilo' etc. 1871. H. Müller, 'Die Befruchtung' etc. pages 412, 442. Both these authors remark that plants must have been anemophilous before they were entomophilous. H. Müller further discusses in a very interesting manner the steps by which entomophilous flowers became nectariferous and gradually acquired their present structure through successive beneficial changes."]

430 & Secretion of Nectar origin of.— quote

427 Instinct of Bees

[Cross and self fertilisation, p. 478: "Müller, Dr. H., hive-bees occasionally perforate the flower of Erica tetralix, 427".]

Orchid Book or Origin about Iris & Orchids & Delpino — Marcgraviaceæ

see Bundle of Nature