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Sexual Selection

8vo Pamph

(235) Brongniart p 156 on difference in flower of two sexes.

(335) Walsh Sexual Selection Insects

(334) [do] Males of Clythra different - females identical

(360) Bates new form of Sexual Selection

4to Pamp.

(56) Lubbock - sexual differences, I suppose in Crust.

Annals & Mag. of N. Hist.

VI. 1840 p. 444. on slight or incipient difference in color of Male & female Charrs

VIII. 1841. p 494. on widowed magpies soon mating with references

Nat. Hist. Selbourne Old Edit. Vol. I

p 139 one Bird shot other pairing soon.

p 246 Birds singing from Rivalry

Bronn Gesichte B. 2 p. 164. (a) Mares will only take donkeys in dark - paints donkey like zebra

Isidore Geoffroy Suites a Buffon p. 491. Spots &c on young quadrupeds.

Wagner's Anat. p. 109 on difference & similarities of tracheæ in males of several orders.

Gould Introduction to Trochilidæ several good references.

Swainson Birds Vol. 2. p. 112 - Vidua is name, I think, of Widow Bird.

Allen Thompson in Todds Encycl. Ant. Generation p. 472. Persians said to have improved beauty by purchase of Circassian & Georgian slaves. Man

Rudolphi Beitrage - much on Birds & Lower animals. Reptiles & Insects.

P. Lucas II. p. 162. sexual differences & colours of Mammals.

[5v]

All used except Vertebrata

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Sexual Selection

Quadrupeds of America. Audubon p. 269 Squirrels fighting savagely at mating season.

Fritz Muller p. 112. Tr. sexual characters go on modifying with increasing age.

Shuckard Foss. Hymenopt. p. 39 Neuration of wings differs in sexes.

Bechstein Naturges. Cape Birds p. 4 singing to charm females p 252 canaries sing till kill selves

B p. 230 easiest to pair siskin & canary of same colour

Couch Illustrat of Instincts p. 238 male redstart killed & at once replaced - seasons on.

Thompson N. Hist. Ireland Vol. I. p. 39 on Peregrine falcon getting mate

vol. 2. p. 327 Waterhen fighting violently for females

Isid Geoffroy Anomalies I. p. 294. Young Mammals spotted.

B Charlesworth Mag. of N. Hist. Vol. I p. 304 Blyth on sexual plumage of Birds - good

Westwood Class. vol I. p. 104. var. in female Dyticus

p. 187 Battles of Lucanus

Vol. 2 p. 422 Musical instrument of Cicada. How old fossil - good for times for selection

526 Males of Tipulæ fight. Dancing of gnats.

541. Males alone of Tabonidæ blood-sucker Butterflies clicking is this sexual.

Nat. Hist review No VI. p. 122 sexual struggle in Hymenoptera - fight & the females accept victor

B Yarrell's Bird Vol. I. p. 159 Discussion on Sexual plumage in relation to young

B White's Selborne. Jenyns' Edit p 140 Both male & female swallow have forked tail, but former longest.

Transact. Ent. Soc. (10) p. 125 Strepsiptera jaws rudimentary in male, absent in ♀

Vol I (3d series) 1863 Part 8 p 169 Proc. on males fighting.

Vol. 2 Part 6 1866 Carboniferous insect with stridulating instrument.

Huxley's Man's Place in N. p. 32 Drawing of Male Orang, with great Beard.

B Swinhoe, Birds China p 6 curious courting way of Hoopoe by voice & tapping wood.

p. 52 Ibis for Blyth, on certain Herron undistinguishable in winter dress, but distinct in summer ie nuptial plumage; from being common probably primordial plumage.

Godron de l'Espece Tom. 2. p. 300 Huns deforming head & noses.

p. 322 argues against Turks modified by Circassian women.

Lucas Hered. Tom. I p. 195 ancient laws in Crete of beautiful men pairing.

2. p. 129 on difference of Monoicous & dioicous flowers.

= 158 on differences in sexes throughout animal K.

296 on Horses & Bulls Pigeons & Fowls selecting their females good

B Proc. Zoolog. Soc. 1835 p. 54 on Pea-hen courting male & preferring one.

1836. p. 4 & 3 Rudimentary canines in male antelopes & deer good

8vo Pamph. (176) p 4 Guide Zoolog Gardens On Bower bird ornamenting Bower

Garden p. 20 on var. of Mane of Lion.

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Sexual Selection

Man

Prichard Phys R. New Edit Vol I. p. 321 Beauty. Vol 4. several references Vol 5 do.

Anthropolog. R No VII. Nov. 1864 p. 237. Somali of Africa put their women in a row & pick out those who project most a tergo - good

everyone has heard of the peculiarities of the Hottentot Venus; now

{Capt. Burton Man

p. 245 Capt. Burton says the idea of beauty of women the same everywhere

Anthropolog. R. No 2. p. 311. on change of Hair with man in colour by sexual selection, even if not true shows how wd act with man

Journal of Linn. Soc. Vol. VI. no 22 p. 73 Bates on mimetic insects - sexual differences

B Loudons Mag. 8 p. 50 Blyth on change of colour & adaptation in Birds & Mammals.

Annals & Mag. 1854. 13/157 Lafresnaye on Birds of Paradise displaying themselves to female

Layard 14/63 wild Gallus Stanlyii fight most desperately over the male

1848 1/379 Doubleday on difference in degrees of development of front feet in 2 sexes of Butterflies, & in neuration of wings - very curious & inexplicable.

Riedel Taubenzucht S. 86 some she pigeons prefer strange pigeons to own husband

B (Mem. Hewitt in Poultry Book on Hens or Pheasants taking individual fancies)

B Ferguson on the Fowl. p 27 on power of Shangai cock in subduing & tempting a furious & [cry] Hen. good. - He is a liar.

B p 284. males in excess of females born as 6 - 4

Boitard & C. p. 12 females show antipathy to certain males.

F & B Agassiz & Gould p. 165. Arctic Regions, not one bright Bird or Fish.

Dixon Poultry p. 8 Peacocks in full plumage will not fight & Pea-hen makes first advances to cock.

B 137 goose apt to pair with distant species (profligacy)

B Richardson Birds p 343, 359, 361. account of Drumming & "dancing" of Grouse for females

Mammals p 241 Female Rein-deer small Horns

p. 252. Wapiti & Moose & Rein deer fd dead with horns locked

236 weight of Horns. 60 lb

274 Horns of female Ovis montana much smaller than of male & differently curved

268 Antelope [illeg] - a mere process in female representing Horns

Medical Times. Huxley. no 312 p. 619 Actinia sexes distinct, but differ in no character (yet splendid colour)

 v. Annelids & Echinoderms dioicous.

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Sexual Selection

Macgillivray Bird 1/570 Magpie getting 3 females & another 6 new females

B Vol. 5. Sexes alike in Gulls Lestrus, Sterna, Puffin, Razor Bill - Cormorants Gannets, Uria.

B p 266 In ♀ Podiceps tuft & ruff smaller than in male, & so with tuft on Mergansers. Musk til male larger crest. Fine crested wren male heads most crest.

The Poultry Book Tegetmeier p. 165 Pheasants selecting particular hen to pair with

139 Comb a fearful vantage to foe

B 241. Description of Sebright Bantam

Indian Sporting R. Part. VI. p. 23 9 case of Antilope cervicapra India, female with thin horns anomalous case.

B p. 252. In Ceriornis in 2 species there is naked skin on head of males alone; whilst, as he says, it seems in both sexes in Turkeys-Birds with naked head have this part feathered in young. In both sexes peacock has crest.

Harris Treatise on insects of N. England. 1842. p. 121 Males of Grasshopper Achætadæ alone are musical, produced by rubbing together of wing coverts

p. 124. Male of Æcanthus is ivory white - Female almost white, or greenish yellow or dusky. Belongs to the Achætadæ

p. 128. Katydid, platyphyllum, concavum, one of the Grillidæ at twilight mounts on an upper branch "begins his noisy babble, while rival notes issue from the neighbouring trees.

132. Males of Locustadæ produce sounds by rubbing the thigh against the edges & veins of wing coverts.

p 165. Males of Cicadadæ have instruments which may be compared to a pair of kettle-drums, the membrane of which is made to vibrate by certain muscles. The 3 families just mentioned belong to the Orthoptera & this is a curious instance of the same general end of music being produced in 3 very different manners.

p 315. He remarks on night-flying Lepidoptera being dull coloured. see to this. Add this

Bates' Amazon I. p. 250-53 a much better account are known to be call notes - music pleasing even to man in some cases: Cicadidae no doubt belong to very different group.

p. 20 on sexes of the beautiful butterflies generally different in Tropics

52 on males & females haunting different parts of forest

Vol. 2 p 228 females of several sp. of Butterflies living in woods & males in more open places p. 347 males 100 to one female

Kirby & Spence 2. p. 35 male Termites contend for females omitted No of Sexes

IV. p. 500 Lethrus a vegetable feeding Coleopt - at pairing time sometimes violent battles, encouraged by the female, take place between the male & a stranger of that sex desirous of admission into the burrow, which cease only with the death or flight of the stranger.

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Sexual Selection (Abstracts not Periodicals)

M Scrope Art of deer. H. [Hunting] (17) Stags found locked together & dead. Also about the younger stags coming in & leaving some offspring.

Lloyd. Scand. Adventure (18) Hooks to male salmon jaws

B do do p 452 Remarkable attachment of ♂ Shieldrake & Duck ♀

M Bells Quadrupeds (25) p. 99. Moles (& guanacos) fight much for females & even kill each other

M do do p. 395 Female Rein-deer has horns

B Yarrell. British Birds (41) Much on sexual difference of Birds & M. S. notes - male

p. 193 Swans trachea not so deep in sternum as female as in male Ca….. of Falklands female heads ornament

Audubon Biolog. (43) Wild Turkeys fight - - display, gobble, hens court males, & seems [illeg] of wild males with pleasure

p. 174 American male Goldfinch loses beauty in winter, when young & old of [2 words illeg] resemble each other of both sexes resemble each other: yet spec closely allied to European species

191 Picus auratus, males do not fight, but H. selects one out of many which pursue her.

349 Icterus do do do

221 Many male birds have sexual plumage in winter in U. States

222 Icterus redouble song & tricks to gain females

229 Bombycilla young females do not gain waxen tips so soon as young males

vol. 2 42 Cathartes love gesticulations - relentlessly court female & do all they can to please her who chooses - Canadian Jay, young unlike parents

87 Sylvia sialis sexes different, but young no like old female

219 Sternus fight & like mad rush after Hen

275 Caprimulgus many males court female & when she has chosen, others are driven off

492 Tetrao cupido - love matches - noises & battles

vol 3. p. 9 Anser canadensis males struggle - long coquetting - wd sometimes abandon own female & mate with common goose

89 Ardea struts about & bids defiance to other males

381. Pelicanus & scolopax fight

B Gould. Birds of Australia (44) Habits of Bower-Bird

Periodicals

Zoologist (11 p.1) Waterton describes 2 male Hares fighting till one killed the other.

(p. 3) singing an act of defiance - good evidence (p. 5 do.)

I (p. 7) Males & female Bees often differently coloured - female of one has 2 red spots on scutellum

B (p. 11) on partridge fan of gay colours recognizing every one & taking dislikes - so in Z. Grdn

I (p. 12) on 2 forms of Dytiscus & Hydroporus in 4 species in females. (Q)

X Annal. des Sc. Nat. (1st series) Tom. 2. p. 369. Bailly argues that Horns are not much used as defence (see paper)

Journal of the Indian Arch. (13) Vol IV. p. 357 In Malacca it is said all the male elephants have tusks & that even the females are not altogether without them

In Ceylon the tuskers are few & seldom to be seen. N.B Tusk used for scorching ground & other purposes.