49

The American Naturalist

May 1871.

p 166. Distrib of Land & F. W. shells in Pacific

— Frogs & Snake on Viti Isld

— 167 Land-Birds far out at sea.

[A. Garrett. Distribution of animals in the South Seas.]

July 71 p 275 Gradation in Plantago in anemophious & insect food of Plantago.

[H. Müller. Application of the Darwinian theory to flowers and the insects which visit them. Translated from Italian by R. L. Packard.]

Sept. (American Assoc) (71) p 562 Cope extinct crustaceous Tortoises generalized forms.

p 593 Cope, Laws of Organic Development

[E. D. Cope. On the extinct tortoises of the cretaceous of New Jersey.]

Decem (71) p 751 to 761 Blind inhabitants of Mammoth Cave; Eyes not perfect in grey then in Red.

p 758 On Anguilla in W. Indies, cave [illeg] with lays mammal, showing isld formerly connected.

[By the editors. The Mammoth Cave and its inhabitants.]

Jan 1872

p 9-24 On Blind animals of mammoth cave – very good

[F. W. Putnam. The blind fishes of the Mammoth Cave and their allies.]

p 406 Cope on do

[E. D. Cope. On the Wyandotte Cave and its fauna.]

p 32 Shaler on Rattle-snakes

[Vibrations of the tail in snakes.]

p 305 Snapping of unborn Turtle, in egg – very [illeg] state. [Agassiz, 1857.]

307 My error on Cope's acceleration & Retardation.

[Z: Error in Darwin's Origin of Species. In the last edition of the above work, p. 149, Mr Darwin misstates Hyatt and Cope's law of Acceleration and Retardation in the following language.

"There is another possible mode of transition, namely, through the acceleration or retardation of the period of reproduction. This has lately been insisted on by Prof. Cope and others in the United States. It is now known that some animals are capable of reproduction at a very early age, before they have acquired their perfect characters," etc.

(Darwin, C. R. 1872. The origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life.)

Prof. Cope and others have not insisted on the above proposition, which we imagine to be supported by very few facts. Their theory of acceleration and retardation states; that, while the period of reproductive maturity arrives at nearly the same age or period of the year in most individuals of a single sex and species, the portion of the developmental scale which they traverse in that time, may vary much. That an addition to the series of changes traversed by the parent, would require in another generation, a more rapid growth in respect to the series in question, which is acceleration. A falling short of accomplishing that completeness, would result from a slower growth, hence the process is termed retardation. Vast numbers of observed facts prove that this is the great law of variation towards which little progress has yet been made (307v) by students who are yet chiefly occupied with the cooperative law of natural selection.

Acceleration and retardation of the period of reproduction may possibly have occurred; but the only case in which it has been recognized in connection with the above law, has been in regard to sex. In the human species at least, differences in several characters, mostly metaphysical, seen in the sexes and it certain races, may be consequences of the earlier or later appearance of maturity in this point.]

1873

June 351 Geolog formation in distinct parts of the world are often intermediate between our great stages.

[Jules Marcou. On a second edition of the geological map of the world.]

p 358 Lesquereux on relation if Tertiary & Cretaceous flora of N. America (always land)

July 405 A. Agassiz n Homologies of Pedicellariæ, showing that of care & not suddenly produced

[Alexander Agassiz. The homologies of Pedicellariæ.]

Aug. 456 Packard the Californian– Lepidopt be as same relation to that of E. States & Japan as with plants – My view on shells from Polar regions

[A. S. Packard. On the distribution of Californian moths.]

November p 695 Struggle for existence between allied species with introduction of new species.

[Moses Barrett, M. D., Milwaukee, Wisconsin.]

1874

Jan. 21 Stockton Hough on developments of sex in Plants

- proportion in maize plants – Disputes Meehan

[John Stockton-Hough. On the relationship between development and the sexual condition in plants.]

Feb. p 108 Ridgways many American water Birds differ from European representation in rump spotted instead of pure white.

[Robert Ridgway. Notes upon American water birds.]

March. 190 Lesquereux – Land plants, Sigillaria in Cincinnati group of Lower Silurian

[M. Lesquereux. Remains of land plants in the Lower Silurian.]