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A272
Review:
[Wallace, Alfred Russel]. 1867. [Review of Origin 4th edn] Mimicry, and other protective resemblances among animals. Westminster and foreign quarterly review 88, no. 173, n.s. 32 No.1 (1 July): 1-43.
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surface. It is probable that if we watched their habits sufficiently we should find the under surface of the wings of butterflies very frequently imitative and protective. Mr. T. W. Wood has pointed out that the little orange-tip butterfly often rests in the evening on the green and white flower heads of an umbelliferous plant, and that when observed in this position the beautiful green and white mottling of the under surface completely assimilates with the flower heads and renders the
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CUL-DAR81.129-130
Abstract:
[Undated]
Wood T.W `Proceedings Entomological Society' 1868: xxvii
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Proc. Ent. Soc. July 6 - 1868. Mr T. W. Wood The attitudes habits of certain Saturniæ furnished with fine ocelli similar to those of Papilio, as the gentle waving up down of the wings, as if for display, as observed in these moths, was more characteristic of diurnal than of nocturnal Lepidoptera. [Darwin quoted this in Descent 1: 397-8
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [132] The Student [and Intellectual Observer, Volume 2] 1868 Sept p 81. Mr T. W. Wood Insects in Disguise - remark on under surface of wings serving as protection. The Orange-tip Anthocharis cardamines is protected on Parsley flower when going to rest at night for sleep Clear Pages (Linn Soc
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CUL-DAR81.129-130
Abstract:
[Undated]
Wood T.W `Proceedings Entomological Society' 1868: xxvii
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The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online [129] Proc. Ent. Soc. July 6 - 1868 p. XXVII. Mr T. W. Wood, speaking of the Saturniidae says that they resemble the Papilionidae both in form habits for instance, the gentle waving up down of the wings, as of for display, as observed in these moths, which is more characteristic of diurnal than of nocturnal Lepidoptera. The Saturnia include some of the most beautiful of all moths, on females their wings decorated with fine ocelli, as in our Brit
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A1013.1
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1869. The Malay Archipelago: The land of the orang-utan, and the bird of paradise. A narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature. London: Macmillan and Co. vol. 1.
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. Leaf-butterfly in flight and repose T. W. WOOD 204 18. Female Hornbill and young bird T. W. WOOD 212 19. Grammatophyllum, a gigantic Orchid. (From a sketch by the Author) FITCH 216 [page] xx
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A1013.1
Book:
Wallace, A. R. 1869. The Malay Archipelago: The land of the orang-utan, and the bird of paradise. A narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature. London: Macmillan and Co. vol. 1.
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. VOLUME II. DRAWN ON WOOD BY PAGE 1. Natives shooting the Great Bird of Paradise T. W. WOOD Front. 2. Wallace's Standard Wing, a new Bird of Paradise KEULEMANS 41 3. Sago Club BAINES 118 4. Sago-washing in Ceram. (From a sketch by the Author) BAINES 119 5. Sago Oven. (From a sketch by the Author) BAINES 120 6. Cuscus Ornatus, a Moluccan Marsupial ROBINSON 143 7. Moluccan Beetles ROBINSON 154 8. Great Black Cockatoo T. W. WOOD 228 9. Dobbo in the Trading Season (From a
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F937.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. vol. 2.
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Australia,' vol. i. 1865, p. 308-310. See also Mr. T. W. Wood in the 'Student,' April, 1870, p. 125. 40 See remarks to this effect in Gould's 'Introduction to the Trochilid ,' 1861, p. 22. 41 'The Sportsman and Naturalist in Canada,' by Major W. Ross King, 1866, p. 144-146. Mr. T. W. Wood gives in the 'Student' (April, 1870, p. 116) an excellent account of the attitude and habits of this bird during its courtship. He states that the ear-tufts or neck-plumes are erected, so that they meet over the crown
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F937.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. vol. 1.
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be in drawing conclusions on this head. The common yellow under-wings 6 See the interesting observations by Mr. T. W. Wood, 'The Student,' Sept. 1868, p. 81. 7 Mr. Wallace in 'Hardwicke's Science Gossip,' Sept. 1867, p. 193. [page] 39
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F937.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. vol. 2.
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of the highest importance. Shortly after the meeting they all separated, and were then observed by Mr. Fox and others 3 Quoted by Mr. T. W. Wood in the 'Student,' April, 1870, p. 125. 4 Gould, 'Handbook of Birds of Australia,' vol. i. p. 300, 308, 448, 451. On the ptarmigan, above alluded to, see Lloyd, ibid. p. 129. [page] 103 UNPAIRED BIRDS. CHAP. XIV
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F937.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. vol. 2.
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the shading of the ball-and-socket ocelli ought to be slightly different on the different feathers, in order to bring out their full effect, relatively to the incidence of the light. Mr. T. W. Wood, who has the experienced eye of an artist, asserts ('Field,' Newspaper, May 28, 1870, p. 457) that this is the case; but after carefully examining two mounted specimens (the proper feathers from one having been given to me by Mr. Gould for more accurate comparison) I cannot perceive that this acme of
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F1065.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1.
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Gelbbandeulen (Triphaena) fliegen oft während des Tags oder des frühen Abends herum und sind dann wegen der Farbe ihrer Hinterflügel sehr auffallend. Man würde natürlich hier denken, dass dies eine Quelle der Gefahr sei; aber Mr. Jenner Weir glaubt, dass dies factisch ein Mittel zur Sicherung ist. Denn die Vögel stossen 8 s. die interessanten Beobachtungen von Mr. T. W. Wood, The Student , Sept. 1868, p. 81. ' Mr. Wallace in Hardwicke's Science Gossip, Sept. 18U7, p. l'J3. [page break
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F1065.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1.
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Beispiel von einigen frei in seinem' Garten in Paris lebenden Amseln an (Amial. des sciene. natur. 3. Ser. Zool. Tom. X,-p. 118), welche von einem im Käfig gehaltenen Vogel ein republikanisches Lied lernten. 37 Bishop, in: Toihl's Cyclopaedia of Anat. and Physiol. Vol. IV, p. 1490. 3S Nach der Angabe von Barrington in den Philosoph. Transact. 1773, p. 202. 39 Gnu hl, Hamlbook to the Birds of Australia. Vol. I. 1805, p. 308—310. s. auch T. W. Wood, in dem Student , April, 1870, p. 125. [page
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F1065.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1.
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jenem Acte einnahm. Der Schwanz und die Flügelfedern dieses Vogels sind mit wunderschönen Augen- 82 Journal of the Roy. Geograph. Soc. Vol. X. 1840, p. 236. 81 Aunals and Magaz. of Natur. Ilist. Vol. XIII. 1854, p. 157, auch Wallace, ebenda. Vol. XX. 1857, p. -112, und The llalay Arehipelago, Vol. II. 1809, p. 252; auch Dr. Renne», citirt von Brehm, Tbierleben. Bd. 3, S. 320. 1-4 Mr. T. W. Wood hat im Student , April, 1870, p. 115, eine ausführliche Schilderung der Art und Weise dieser Entfaltung
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F1065.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1.
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früher gegehen worden. Ueber Paradisea s. Wallace, in: Annais and Magaz. of Natur. Hist, 2. Ser. Vol. XX, 1857, p. 412. Ueber die Becassinen: Lloyd, a. a. 0. p. 221. 3 citirt von T. W. Wood, in: Student , April 1870, p. 125. [page break
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F1065.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1.
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volle Wirkung hervorzubringen. Mr. T. W. Wood, welcher das erfahrene Auge eines Künstlers besitzt, behauptet (Zeitsehrift Field , May 28., 1870, p. 457), dass dies der Fall ist. Nachdem ich aber sorgfältig zwei ausgestopfte Exemplare (von welehem einen Mr. Gould mir die betreffenden Federn zur genaueren Vergleiehimg gegeben hat) untersucht habe, kann ich nicht wahrnehmen, dass dieser Gipfel der Vollendung in der Schattirung erreicht worden ist; auch können Andere, welchen ioh diese Federn
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F937.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. vol. 2.
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. xiii. 1854, p. 157; also Wallace, ibid. vol. xx. 1857, p. 412, and 'The Malay Archipelago, vol. ii. 1869, p 252. Also Dr. Bennett, as quoted by Brehm, 'Thierleben,' B. iii. s. 326. 84 Mr. T. W. Wood has given ('The Student,' April, 1870, p. 115) a full account of this manner of display, which he calls the lateral or one-sided, by the gold pheasant and by the Japanese pheasant, Phversicolor. [page] 90 SEXUAL SELECTION: BIRDS. PART II
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F1065.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1871. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1.
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geneigt sein, da es kleiner ist und die Anhänge und die nackten Hautstellen am Kopfe viel weniger hell gefärbt sind; auch hat mir Mr. Bartlett mitgetbeilt, dass es im zoologischen Garten sicher allein das Männchen ist, welches auf den Eiern sitzt und die Sorge um die Jungen übernimmt21. Mr. T. W.Wood gibt an22, dass das Weibchen während der Paarungszeit von ausserordentlich kampfsüchtiger Disposition ist; seine Fleischlappen werden dann ver-grössert und brillanter gefärbt. Ferner ist das Weibchen von
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F1142
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1872. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. London: John Murray. First edition.
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have already expressed my obligations to Dr. Duchenne for generously permitting me to have some of his large photographs copied and reduced. All these photographs have been printed by the Heliotype process, and the accuracy of the copy is thus guaranteed. These plates are referred to by Roman numerals. I am also greatly indebted to Mr. T. W. Wood for the extreme pains which he has taken in drawing from [page] 2
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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most beautiful species the head is bald, and of a rich cobalt blue, crossed by several lines of black velvety feathers. 74 Fig. 47. Paradisea Papuana (T. W. Wood). 74 Wallace, 'The Malay Archipelago,' vol. ii. 1869, p. 405. [page] 38
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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eyes of the admiring female in one grand bespangled expanse. To whichever side she may turn, the expanded wings and the obliquely-held tail are turned towards her. The male Tragopan pheasant acts in nearly the same manner, for he raises the feathers of the body, though not the wing itself, on the side Fig. 51. Polyplectron chinquis, male (T. W. Wood). [page] 39
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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spots, each of which consists of two or three black dots with a surrounding dark zone. But the chief ornament is a space parallel to the dark-blue shaft, which in outline forms a perfect second feather lying within the true feather. This inner part is coloured of a lighter chesnut, and is thickly dotted with minute Fig. 52. Side view of male Argus pheasant, whilst displaying before the female. Observed and sketched from nature by Mr. T. W. Wood. [page] 40
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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male of another kind of grouse (Telrao urophasianus), whilst courting the female, has his bare yellow sophagus inflated to a prodigious size, fully half as large as the body; and he then utters various grating, deep, hollow tones. With his neck-feathers erect, his wings lowered, and buzzing on the gound, and his long pointed tail spread out like a fan, he displays a variety of grotesque attitudes. The sophagus of the female is not in any way remarkable.42 Fig. 39. Tetrao cupido: male. (T. W
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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. The space was from four to five feet in diameter, and appeared to have been cleared of every blade of grass and smoothed as if by human hands. A male was capering, to the apparent delight of several others. Now spreading its wings, throwing up its head, or opening its tail like a fan; now strutting about with a hopping gait until tired, when it Fig. 50. Rupicola crocea, male (T. W. Wood). [page] 39
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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Sportsman and Naturalist in Canada,' by Major W. Ross King, 1866, pp. 144 146. Mr. T. W., Wood gives in the 'Student' (April, 1870, p. 116) an excellent account of the attitude and habits of this bird during its courtship. He states that the ear-tufts or neck-plumes are erected, so that they meet over the crown of the head. See his drawing, fig. 39. [page] 37
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F944
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Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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. These have been so numerous, that I have been able to use only the more important ones; and of these, as well as of the more important corrections, I will append a list. Some new illustrations have been introduced, and four of the old drawings have been replaced by better ones, done from life by Mr. T. W. Wood. I must especially call attention to some observations which I owe to the kindness of Prof. Huxley (given as a supplement at the end of Part I.), on the nature of the differences between the
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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. bifurcus, we can hardly doubt that they serve the same general purpose in the economy of these two animals. The first conjecture, which will occur to every one, is that they are used by the males for fighting together; and as these animals are very quarrelsome,69 this is probably a correct view. Mr. T. W. Wood also informs me that he once watched two individuals of C. pumilus, fighting violently on the branch of a tree; they flung their heads about and tried to bite each other; they then rested for
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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by Mr. T. W. Wood, 'The Student,' Sept. 1868, p. 81. 11 Mr. Wallace in 'Hardwicke's Science Gossip,' Sept. 1867, p. 193. 12 See also, on this subject, Mr. Weir's paper in 'Transact. Ent. Soc.' 1869, p. 23. [page] 31
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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Wallace, ibid. vol. xx. 1857, p. 412, and 'The Malay Archipelago,' vol. ii. 1869, p. 252. Also Dr. Bennett, as quoted by Brehm, 'Thierleben,' B. iii. s. 326. 89 Mr. T. W. Wood has given ('The Student,' April 1870, p. 115) a full account of this manner of display, by the Gold pheasant and by the Japanese pheasant, Ph. versicolor; and he calls it the lateral or one-sided display. [page] 39
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F944
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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assemblages cannot, of course, be held, and the same species may have 3 Quoted by Mr. T. W. Wood in the 'Student,' April, 1870, p. 125. 4 Gould, 'Handbook to the Birds of Australia,' vol. i. pp. 300, 308, 448, 451. On the ptarmigan, above alluded to, see Lloyd, ibid. p. 129. [page] 40
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F944
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Darwin, C. R. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray. 2d ed.; tenth thousand.
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There still remains another very curious point, first observed by Mr. T. W. Wood,51 which deserves attention. In a photograph, given me by Mr. Ward, of a specimen mounted as in the act of display, it may be seen that on the feathers which are held perpendicularly, the white marks on the ocelli, representing light reflected from a convex surface, are at the upper or further end, that is, are directed upwards; and the bird whilst displaying himself on the ground would naturally be illuminated
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F1066.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. 3d ed. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 2
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Cap. 13. Entfaltung des männlichen Schmucks. oft durchgesteckt worden wäre. Mr. Wood glaubt auch, dass Männchen von der Seite her über den Band des I eh dem Weibchen hinschielen könne. Die Augenflecke auf den Schwungfedern -inil wunderbare Objecte; sie sind so schattirt, dass, wie der Herzog von Abgyll bemerkt . sie - r dem Weibchen T. W. Wood, ie in einer Aushöhlung liegende Engel en \ls ich semplar im liritisli Museum mir Ix ' aus- gebreiteten und abwärts hängenden Flügeln atisgest war ich
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F1050.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 2.
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Meddelelse (se »Annales des Se- Nat,«,, tredie R kke, Zoolog., Tom. X, S. 118) om nogle vilde Solsorter i hans Have i Paris, som af en fangen Fugl af sig selv l rte en republikansk Vise. 2) Bishop i: Todd's »Cyclop. of Anat. and Phys.«, Vol. IV, 1496. 3) Se: Barrington i »Philosoph. Transact«, 1773, S. 262. *) Gould: »Haandbook to the Birds of Australia«, Vol. I, 1855, S. 308 —310. Jevnf r ogsaa Hr. T. W. Wood i: »The Student«, April 1870, S. 125. [page] 5
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F1050.2
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Darwin, C. R. 1875. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 2.
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saa Henseende Bem rkninger i Gould's »Introduction to the Trochilid ., 1861, S. 22. 2) Major W. Ross King: »The Sportsman and Naturalist in Canada«, 1866, S. 144—146. Hr. T. W. Wood har en fortrinlig Beretning om denne Fugls Stillinger og Manerer under dens Bejlen. Han siger, at reduskene og Nakkefjerene rejses saaledes, at de m des over Toppen af Hovedet. [page] 5
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F1050.2
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Darwin, C. R. 1875. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 2.
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. Geograph. Soc«, Vol X, 1840, S. 236 2) »Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.., Vol. XIII, 1854, S. 157; ogsaa Wallace, ibid., Vol. XX, 1857, S, 412, og »The Malay Archipelago«, Vol, II, 1869, S. 252. Ligeledes Dr. Bennet, citeret i: Brehm: »Thierleben«, B. III, S. 326. 3) Hr. T. W. Wood har (»The Student«, April 1870, S. 115) givet en fyldig Beretning om denne Maade at vise sin Pynt paa (hvilken han kalder den laterale eller eensidige) for Guldfasanens og den japanesiske Fasans (Ph. versicolor
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F1050.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 2.
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, sladdrende, undertiden k mpende, larmende og flyvende omkring blandt Tr erne. Den hele Affaire blev aabenbart af Fuglene anseet for at v re af den st rste Vigtighed. Kort efter M det skiltes de Alle ad, og Hr. Fox og Andre lagde da M rke til, at de 1) Citeret af Hr. T. W. Wood i »Student«, April 1870, S. 125. 2) Gould: -Handbook to the Birds of Australi «, Vol. I, S. 300, 308, 448, 451 Om den ovenfor omtalte Rype, se Lloyd: ibid., S. 129. [page] 10
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F1050.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Menneskets Afstamning og Parringsvalget. Translated by J. P. Jacobsen. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Volume 2.
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v re forskjellig paa de forskjellige Fjer for at gj re den fulde Virkning, fordi Lyset falder forskjelligt paa dem. Hr T. W. Wood, der har en Kunstners vede je, forsikkrer (»Field«, Avis, 28 Maj 1870, S. 457), at dette er Tilf ldet, men jeg har omhyggeligt unders gt to udstoppede Exemplarer (og Hr. Gould havde givet mig de dertil n dvendige Fjer for at Unders gelsen kunde blive n jagtigere) og kan ikke se, at denne Fuldkommenhedstilstand er bleven naaet, hvad heller ikke Andre, til hvem jeg har
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F1066.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. 3d ed. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1
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von Correspondenten, die mir eine überraschend grosse Menge neuer Thatsacben und Be- merkungen mitgetheüt haben. Diese letzten sind so zahlreich gewesen, dass ich nur die wichtigeren habe benützen können. Einige neue Ab- bildungen habe ich zugefügt, und vier von den alten sind durch bessere, von Mr. T. W. Wood nach dem Leben gezeichnete ersetzt worden. Auserdem muss ich die Aufmerksamkeit auf einige Bemerkungen rich- ten, die ich der Güte des Prof. Huxlky verdanke und die als Anhang zum T
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F1066.1
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. 3d ed. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 1
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folgende Thatsache zeigt uns, wie vorsichtig wir sein müssen beim Ziehen von Schlüssen über einen derartigen Gegenstand. Die gemeinen Gelbbandeulen (Triphaena) flie- gen oft während des Tages oder des frühen Abends herum und sind dann wegen der Farbe ihrer Hinterflügel sehr auffallend. Man würde 10 s. die interessanten Beobachtungen von Mr. T. W. Wood, The Student , Sept. 136S, p. 81. Mr. Wallace in Hardwicke's Science Gossip, Sept 1867, p. 193. [page break
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F1066.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. 3d ed. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 2
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erwähnten Falle. Hier scheint die Unvollkominenheit mit der That- sache in Verbindung zu stehen, dass die Flecken an dieser Feder weniger als gewöhnlich die Neigung zeigen, zu Streifen zusammenzu- fliessen; sie werden im Gegentheile oft in kleinere Flecken aufgelöst, so dass zwei oder drei nach abwärts zu jedem Augenflecken laufen. Noch ein anderer, sehr merkwürdiger Punkt, den Mr. T. W.Wood zuerst bemerkt hat51, verdient unsre Aufmerksamkeit. Auf einer mir von Mr. Wabd gegebenen Photographie eines
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F1066.2
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1875. Die Abstammung des Menschen und die geschlechtliche Zuchtwahl. Translated by J. V. Carus. 2 vols. 3d ed. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Volume 2
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nackten Hautstellen am Kopfe viel weniger hell gefärbt sind: auch hat mir Mr. Rakti.ktt mitgetheilt, dass es im zoologischen Harten sicher allein das Männchen ist. welches auf den Eiern sitzt und die Sorge um die Jungen übernimmt-1. Mr. T, W. WOOD gibt 19 Ibis, 1866, p. 298. -u In Rezug auf diese verschiedenen Angaben s. liould, Birds of G tain. Professor Newton tbeilt mir mit, er sei nach seinen eigenen Beobachtun- gen wie nach denen Änderet schon lange überzeugt gewesen t uneben der oben genannten
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F948
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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eyes of the admiring female in one grand bespangled expanse. To whichever side she may turn, the expanded wings and the obliquely-held tail are turned towards her. The male Tragopan pheasant acts in nearly the same manner, for he raises the feathers of the body, though not the wing itself, on the side Fig. 51. Polyplectron chinquis, male (T. W. Wood). [page] 39
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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most beautiful species the head is bald, and of a rich cobalt blue, crossed by several lines of black velvety feathers. 74 Fig. 47. Paradisea Papuana (T. W. Wood). ———————————— in 'Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.' vol xiii. 1854, p. 157: see also Mr. Wallace's much fuller account in vol. xx. 1857, p. 412, and in his 'Malay Archipelago.' 74 Wallace, 'The Malay Archipelago,' vol. ii. 1869, p. 405. [page] 38
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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spots, each of which consists of two or three black dots with a surrounding dark zone. But the chief ornament is a space parallel to the dark-blue shaft, which in outline forms a perfect second feather lying within the true feather. This inner part is coloured of a lighter chestnut, and is thickly dotted with minute Fig. 52. Side view of male Argus pheasant, whilst displaying before the female. Observed and sketched from nature by Mr. T. W. Wood. [page] 40
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F1189
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. Der Ausdruck der Gemüthsbewegungen bei dem Menschen und den Thieren. 3d ed. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Ch. Darwin's gesammelte Werke. Aus dem Englischen übersetzt von J. Victor Carus. Autorisirte deutsche Ausgabe, vol. 7.
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gedruckt worden und hierdurch wird die Genauigkeit der Copie garantirt. Diese Tafeln sind stets mit römischen Zahlen citirt worden. Ich bin auch Mr. T. W. WOOD zu großem Danke verbunden für die außerordentliche Mühe, welche er sich beim Zeichnen des Ausdrucks [22] verschiedener Thiere nach dem Leben gegeben hat. Ein ausgezeichneter Künstler, Mr. RIVIÈRE, hat die Freundlichkeit gehabt, mir Fig. 1. Darstellung der Gesichtsmuskeln, nach Sir Ch. B e l l . zwei Zeichnungen von Hunden zu geben, eine
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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male of another kind of grouse (Tetrao urophasianus), whilst courting the female, has his bare yellow œsophagus inflated to a prodigious size, fully half as large as the body; and he then utters various grating, deep, hollow tones. With his neckfeathers erect, his wings lowered, and buzzing on the ground, and his long pointed tail spread out like a fan, he displays a variety of grotesque attitudes. The œsophagus of the female is not in any way remarkable.42 Fig. 39. Tetrao cupido: male. (T. W
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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. The space was from four to five feet in diameter, and appeared to have been cleared of every blade of grass and smoothed as if by human hands. A male was capering, to the apparent delight of several others. Now spreading its wings, throwing up its head, or opening its tail like a fan; now strutting about with a hopping gait until tired, when it Fig. 50. Rupicola crocea, male (T. W. Wood). [page] 39
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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Sportsman and Naturalist in Canada,' by Major W. Ross King, 1866, pp. 144-146. Mr. T. W. Wood gives in the 'Student' (April, 1870, p. 116) an excellent account of the attitude and habits of this bird during its courtship. He states that the ear-tufts or neck-plumes are erected, so that they meet over the crown of the head. See his drawing, fig. 39. [page] 37
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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. These have been so numerous, that I have been able to use only the more important ones; and of these, as well as of the more important corrections, I will append a list. Some new illustrations have been introduced, and four of the old drawings have been replaced by better ones, done from life by Mr. T. W. Wood. I must especially call attention to some observations which I owe to the kindness of Prof. Huxley (given as a supplement at the end of Part I.), on the nature of the differences between the
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F1266
Book:
Darwin, C. R. 1877. Die Wirkungen der Kreuz- und Selbst-Befruchtung im Pflanzenreich. Translated by J. V. Carus. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart. Ch. Darwin's gesammelte Werke. Aus dem Englischen übersetzt von J. Victor Carus. Autorisirte deutsche Ausgabe, vol. 10.
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Kindern, und Dr. Waixicb für ein reizendes Negativ ein' lächelnden Mädchens. Meinen Dank an Dr. Duchenne für die gegebene liberale Erlaubnis, einige seiner groszen Photographien copiren und verkleinern zu lassen, habe ich bereits früher ausgesprochen. Alle diese Photographien sind durch den Process der Heliotypie worden und hierdurch wird die Genauigkeit der Copie garantirt. Di Tafeln sind stets mit römischen Zahlen citirt worden. Ich bin auch Mr. T. W. Wood zu groszem Danke verbunden
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Darwin, C. R. 1877. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. Twelfth thousand, revised and augmented. (final text). London: John Murray.
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appearance from the two great prolongations of the skull in C. bifurcus, we can hardly doubt that they serve the same general purpose in the economy of these two animals. The first conjecture, which will occur to every one, is that they are used by the males for fighting together; and as these animals are very quarrelsome,69 this is probably a correct view. Mr. T. W. Wood also informs me that he once watched two individuals of C. pumilus, fighting violently on the branch of a tree; they flung
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