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A846
Beagle Library:
Dalyell, Thomas. 1814. Observations on some interesting phenomena in animal physiology, exhibited by several species of Planariae. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable.
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contrary, spontaneous division succeeds in animals, a thousand, nay, a million times exceeding the inhabitants of infusions in size; of which the parts and proportions being visible to the naked eye, contribute to the dissipation of doubts, and display in detail the progress of regeneration. Besides, the severed portion, condemned to quiescence, and destitute of alimentary organs, survives independent of the mutilated trunk, until their evolution follows by the regular and gradual operation of
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A846
Beagle Library:
Dalyell, Thomas. 1814. Observations on some interesting phenomena in animal physiology, exhibited by several species of Planariae. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable.
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in the history of the genus, no less remarkable than those distinguishing the individual species that compose it. Still, it is a conclusion which we should beware of adopting, without the test of rigorous experiment. The powerful reproductive principle resident in the various parts of the arethusa is seen in its multiplication, from artificial sections. All are speedily regenerated into entire animals, their progress and perfection being dependent on the usual laws which regulate the evolution
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A846
Beagle Library:
Dalyell, Thomas. 1814. Observations on some interesting phenomena in animal physiology, exhibited by several species of Planariae. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable.
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. Naturalists, who take these animals indiscriminately from their native abodes, may therefore find discrepancies, resulting from a state of abstinence; and variations still more conspicuous may appear, from the unequal evolution of nascent parts. But experience will speedily inculcate, where, after passing all the successive stages, perfection at length is gained. Nevertheless, the size is somewhat less than life, because Planari always decline in a state of confinement. The name of any species distinctly
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A846
Beagle Library:
Dalyell, Thomas. 1814. Observations on some interesting phenomena in animal physiology, exhibited by several species of Planariae. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable.
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: they are attached in a cluster either to the sides of the vessel, or to any floating substance in the vicinity. Probably weeks are required for their exclusion. Such seemed the result of observations made in November, when I found the shell broke, and the young that had escaped. Minute crimson specks were perceptible in one of the parent planari , and having previously remarked the same appearance in several individuals, I was induced to consider them the incipient evolution of an ova [page] 13
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A774.02
Beagle Library:
Flinders, Matthew. 1814. A voyage to Terra Australis undertaken for the purpose of completing the discovery of that vast country, and prosecuted in the years 1801, 1802, and 1805 in His Majesty's ship the Investigator. 2 vols. London: G. and W. Nicol. vol. 2.
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these it differs chiefly in the want of Albumen and greater evolution of its Embryo. Jussieu has combined Rhizophora and Bruguiera with Loranthus and Viscum, neglecting some very obvious, and, as they appear to me, important differences in the flower, and probably never having had an opportunity of comparing the very distinct structures of their ovaria; the affinity too of Rhizophore to Cunoniace is unquestionable, and it will hardly be proposed to unite both these tribes with Loranthus, which I
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A793.2
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 2.
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directions backwards, and to the right and left, as well as forwards. This ability to fly all ways, without having to turn, must be very useful to them when pursued by a bird. Leeuwenhoek once saw a swallow chasing an insect of this tribe, which he calls a Mordella, in a menagerie about a hundred feet long. The little creature flew with such astonishing velocity to the right to the left and in all directions that this bird of rapid wing and ready evolution was unable to overtake and entrap it; the
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A793.3
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 3.
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evolution of the f tus, as from microscopical observations it appears that they areb, if the teeth, horns, and other parts, c. to be acquired in his progress to that state are already in him in their embryos, we may also conclude that the butterfly and its organs, c. are all in the newly-hatched caterpillar. Again, if the blossom and its envelopes are contained in the gemma, the bulb, c. where they have been discoveredc, it follows analogically that the butterfly and its integuments all preexist in
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A793.3
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 3.
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subjected. Like those of other animals, they require a certain degree of heat for the due evolution of the included larva. This heat in much the greater number of instances is derived from the temperature of the air, but often also from other sources. The eggs of the gad-fly tribe are hatched principally by the heat of the body of the animal to which they are committed; and doubtless the vital heat of various larv , small as it may be, must contribute something to the hatching of the eggs
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A793.3
Beagle Library:
Kirby, William and Spence, William. 1815-26. An introduction to entomology. 4 vols. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. vol. 3.
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toothc. You will admire the wisdom of this admirable contrivance, when you reflect that these larv are not fitted to pursue their prey with rapidity, like most predaceous animals; but that they steal upon them, as De Geer observesd, as a cat does upon a bird, very slowly, and as if they counted their steps; and then, by a sudden evolution of this machine, take them as it were by surprise, when they think themselves safe. De Geer says, it is very difficult for other insects to elude their attacks
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A911
Beagle Library:
Jameson, Robert. 1816. A treatise on the external, chemical and physical characters of minerals. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable & Co.
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agents, we have further to observe, iii. Their relation to the Fluxes. Here we have to attend to a. The solubility or insolubility of minerals in the fluxes. During the solution we have to observe, whether it is effected calmly; with the evolution of gas, as in the solution of [page] 28
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A767.08
Beagle Library:
Anon. 1816-30. Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles. Par plusieurs Professeurs du Jardin du Roi. 60 vols (and 8 vols plates). Strasbourg: F.G. Levrault. vol. 8.
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; que de ce trou partent immédiatement cinq spirales qui sont coupées un peu après par un profond sillon, marque restante du point d'insertion de ce qu'on a nommé les cinq stigmates. Les spirales continuent ensuite leur évolution autour de la gyrogonite, et lui ont fait donner ce nom par M. de Lamarck qui croyoit voir en eux un genre de coquille. Des fruits du chara vulgaris ont été examinés par nous, et ilous avons reconnu non-seulement les faits ci-dessus, mais encore que ce qu'on nomme
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A710.02
Beagle Library:
Mariner, William. 1817. An account of the natives of the Tonga Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. 2 vols. London: printed for the author. vol. 2.
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recite the sentences as before. The other ranks did the same successively, till that which at first was the front became the rear; and the evolution continued in the same manner till the [page] 31
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A731.02
Beagle Library:
Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 2.
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activity and zeal for our service. As no ship could with propriety venture near us to assist in turning the Esk over, on account of the hazardous position of the ice around her, we had no other means of performing this singular evolution than by attaching purchases to the ice from the ship. We proceeded as follows: A new hawser of 9 inches circumference, was taken under the ship's bottom, the end clenched to the main-mast, and the [page] 45
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A731.01
Beagle Library:
Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 1.
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February or March; and their period of gestation about nine or ten months. In the latter end of April 1811, a sucker was taken by a Hull whaler, to which the funis umbilicalis was still attached. The whale has one young at a birth. Instances of two being seen with a female are very rare. The young one, at the time of parturition, is said to be at least ten, if not fourteen feet in length. It goes under the protection of its mother, for probably a year, or more; or until, by the evolution of the
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A731.02
Beagle Library:
Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 2.
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eastward (wind at north), the distance of about two miles; but in attempting to wear and return, the ship, instead of performing the evolution, scudded a considerable distance to leeward, and was then reached out to sea; thus leaving fourteen of her crew to a fate the most dreadful, the fulfilment of which seemed almost inevitable. The temperature of the air was 15 or 16 of Fahr. when these poor wretches were left upon a detached piece of ice, of no considerable magnitude, without food, without
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A731.02
Beagle Library:
Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 2.
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safe and permanent release. But in this we were grievously disappointed: for, when we attempted to ware the ship, which soon became necessary, she refused to turn round, notwithstanding every effort, in a space which, in ordinary circumstances, would have been twice sufficient for the evolution. In consequence of this accident, which arose partly from the bad trim of the ship, and partly from the great violence of the wind, she fell to leeward into a close body of ice, to which we [page] 44
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A731.02
Beagle Library:
Scoresby, William. 1820. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale-fishery. 2 vols. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Hurst, Robinson and Co. vol. 2.
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could see no termination. The Mars of Whitby, and another vessel, which closely followed us as we penetrated the exterior of the ice, being in better trim than the Esk, performed the evolution with ease, and were in a few minutes out of sight. In this dreadful situation, we lay beating against the opposing ice, with terrible force, during eight successive hours; all which time, I was rocked, with no agreeable feeling whatever to console me, at the top-gallant-mast-head, directing the
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A755
Beagle Library:
DeCandolle, Augustin Pyramus and Sprengel, Kurt Polycarp Joachim. 1821. Elements of the philosophy of plants: containing the principles of scientific botany, nomenclature, theory of classification, phytography; anatomy, chemistry, physiology, geography, and diseases of plants: with a history of the science and practical illustrations. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and London: T. Cadell.
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situation and folding of the flower before its evolution. These are called Estivation. It is with respect to flowers, what the interior structure of the leaf-buds is to the leaves. We observe, 1. An tivatio valvaris, when the parts of the corolla, before evolution, only touch one another with their margins, like the valves of the capsule. We observe this, for instance, in compound flowers. 2. The tivatio contorta. Here the parts of the corolla stand so obliquely, that they cover the margins of each
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A755
Beagle Library:
DeCandolle, Augustin Pyramus and Sprengel, Kurt Polycarp Joachim. 1821. Elements of the philosophy of plants: containing the principles of scientific botany, nomenclature, theory of classification, phytography; anatomy, chemistry, physiology, geography, and diseases of plants: with a history of the science and practical illustrations. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and London: T. Cadell.
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shewn, that in the Naiad and in some other families, the thickened cotyledonous end of the germ, and, in the Palm and Junce , the lateral tubercles, furnish the apparatus, by the help of which the further evolution of the embryon takes place. In the Scitamine and in the Grasses, the vitellus or the scutellum are the organs by which the sap, when prepared, is conducted to the embryon, and by which its evolution is favoured. We must here also, as in most of the lower families, take into account the
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A755
Beagle Library:
DeCandolle, Augustin Pyramus and Sprengel, Kurt Polycarp Joachim. 1821. Elements of the philosophy of plants: containing the principles of scientific botany, nomenclature, theory of classification, phytography; anatomy, chemistry, physiology, geography, and diseases of plants: with a history of the science and practical illustrations. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and London: T. Cadell.
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PLATE VII. Fig. 1. Bunchy panicle of Hirtella glandulosa (Neue Entdeck. 1. s. 303.) Reflex bracte . Bush of petiolated glands. 2. Ovate-oblong, somewhat pointed, leaf of the same plant, full of veins. 3. The flower magnified. The calyx quinque-partite, reflex, internally set with silky hairs. The corolla fallen off. Five long, linear filaments. The pistillum ciliated below. The dry berry set with rough hairs. 4. The flower opened before the evolution. The filaments convoluted. 5. Alyssum
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