Origin of Species Variorum

→ modified. 1859 1860

modified in relation to its new habits of life; whereas the woodpecker of La Plata has its structure only slightly modified. 1861 1866

modified in relation to its new habits of life; whereas the woodpecker of La Plata has had its structure only slightly modified. 1869 1872

↑ 2 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861; present in 1866 1869 1872

In the case of the water-ouzel, the acutest observer by examining its dead body would never have suspected its sub-aquatic habits; yet this anomalous member of the terrestrial thrush family wholly subsists by diving,—grasping the stones with its feet, and using its wings under water. All the members of the great order of Hymenoptera are terrestrial, excepting the genus Proctotrupes, which Sir John Lubbock has recently discovered to be aquatic in its habits; it often enters the water and dives about by the use not of its legs but of its wings, and remains as long as four hours beneath the surface; yet not the least modification in its structure can be detected in accordance with such abnormal habits.

→ other hand, 1859 1860

case of the waterouzel, 1861

→ of the water-ouzel 1859 1860

OMIT 1861

→ of 1859 1860 1861

not furnished with membrane, of the 1866 1869

not furnished with membrane of the 1872

→ yet the water-hen 1859 1860

— yet the water-hen 1861

—the water-hen and landrail are members of this order, yet the first 1866 1869

— the water-hen 1872

→ is 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

and landrail are members of this order, yet the first is 1872

berardi, in its general habits, in its astonishing power of diving,

in its

its

manner of

swimming

swimming,

and of flying when

made to

unwillingly it

take

takes

flight, would be mistaken by any one for an auk or

a grebe;

grebe;

nevertheless

nevertheless,

it is essentially a petrel, but with many parts of its organisation profoundly →modified. ↑

the →other hand, the acutest observer by examining

its

the

dead body →of the water-ouzel would never have suspected its sub-aquatic habits; yet this anomalous member of the

~~strictly~~

strictly

terrestrial thrush family wholly subsists by diving,— grasping the stones with its

feet,

feet

and using its wings under water.

He who believes that each being has been created as we now see it, must occasionally have felt surprise when he has met with an animal having habits and structure not

~~at all~~

at all

in agreement. What can be plainer than that the webbed feet of ducks and geese are formed for swimming?

Yet

yet

there are upland geese with webbed feet which rarely

~~or never~~

or never

go near the water; and no one except Audubon has seen the frigate-bird, which has all its four toes webbed, alight on the surface of the

ocean.

sea.

On the other

hand

hand,

grebes and coots are eminently aquatic, although their toes are only bordered by membrane. What seems plainer than that the long

toes,

toes

→of

Grallatores

grallatores

are formed for walking over swamps and floating

plants?

plants,

→yet the water-hen →is nearly as aquatic as the

coot,

coot;

and the

second

landrail

nearly as terrestrial as the quail or partridge. In such cases, and many others could be given, habits have changed without a corresponding change of structure. The webbed feet of the upland goose may be said to have become

almost rudimentary

rudimentary

in function, though not in structure. In the frigate-bird, the

deeply scooped

deeply-scooped

membrane between the toes shows that structure has begun to change.

He who believes in separate and innumerable acts of creation

may

will

say, that in these cases it has pleased the