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I do not doubt that out of twenty 1859 1860
Out of twenty 1861 1866
Out of a hundred 1869
Out of a hundred kinds of 1872

as it seems to me, 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869
OMIT 1872

would be sure to 1859
if fitted for the climate, would be sure to 1860 1861 1866
if fitted for the climate, would 1869 1872

of transport, immigrants from Europe or any other continent, that a poorly-stocked island, though standing more remote from the mainland, would not receive colonists by similar means. I do not doubt that out of twenty seeds or animals transported to an island, even if far less well-stocked than Britain,
perhaps not
scarcely
more than one would be so well fitted to its new home, as to become naturalised. But
this
this,
as it seems to me, is no valid argument against what would be effected by occasional means of transport, during the long lapse of geological time, whilst
the
an
island was being
upheaved,
upheaved
and
formed, and
formed, and
before it had become fully stocked with inhabitants. On almost bare land, with few or no destructive insects or birds living there, nearly every
seed
seed,
which chanced to arrive, would be sure to germinate and survive.
Dispersal
Dispersal
during
during
the
the
Glacial
Glacial
period.
Period .
period .—
The identity of many plants and animals, on mountain-summits, separated from each other by hundreds of miles of lowlands, where
the
the
Alpine species could not possibly exist, is one of the most striking cases known of the same species living at distant points, without the apparent possibility of their having migrated from one
point to
to
the other. It is indeed a remarkable fact to see so many
plants of
of
the same
species
plants
living on the snowy regions of the Alps or Pyrenees, and in the extreme northern parts of Europe; but it is far more remarkable, that the plants on the White Mountains, in the United States of America, are all the same with those of Labrador, and nearly all the same, as we hear from Asa Gray, with those on the loftiest mountains of Europe. Even as long ago as 1747, such facts led Gmelin to conclude that the same species must have been independently created at
many
several
distinct points; and we might have remained