Origin of Species Variorum

→ many descendants from 1859 1860 1861 1866

descendants from 1869

descendants from any 1872

→ although having few characters in common, 1859 1860 1861

although having but few characters in common, 1866

OMIT 1869 1872

→ we use descent in classing acknowledged varieties, however different 1859 1860 1861 1866

although 1869 1872

→ be 1859 1860 1861 1866

have but few characters in common; we use descent in classing acknowledged varieties, however different they may be 1869 1872

→ between the descendants from a common parent, 1859 1860 1861 1866

OMIT 1869 1872

→ are permitted to 1859 1860 1861 1866

OMIT 1869 1872

→ comparing 1859 1860 1861 1866

finding the relations between 1869 1872

→ with a distinct group, 1859 1860 1861 1866

and another, 1869 1872

→ in one great system; 1859 1860 1861 1866

within a few great classes; 1869 1872

so perfect a collection: nevertheless, in certain classes, we are tending

towards

this

end;

direction;

and Milne Edwards has lately insisted, in an able paper, on the high importance of looking to types, whether or not we can separate and define the groups to which such types belong.

Finally, we have seen that natural selection, which

follows

results

from the struggle for existence, and which almost inevitably

leads to

induces

extinction and divergence of character in the →many descendants from one

~~dominant~~

dominant

parent-species, explains that great and universal feature in the affinities of all organic beings, namely, their

sub-ordination

subordination

in group under group. We use the element of descent in classing the individuals of both sexes and of all

ages

ages,

→although having few characters in common, under one

species,

species;

→we use descent in classing acknowledged varieties, however different they may →be from their

parents;

parent;

and I believe

that this

this

element of descent is the hidden bond of connexion which naturalists have sought under the term of the Natural System. On this idea of the natural system being, in so far as it has been perfected, genealogical in its arrangement, with the grades of difference →between the descendants from a common parent, expressed by the terms genera, families, orders, &c., we can understand the rules which we are compelled to follow in our classification. We can understand why we value certain resemblances far more than others; why we →are permitted to use rudimentary and useless organs, or others of trifling physiological importance; why, in →comparing one group →with a distinct group, we summarily reject analogical or adaptive characters, and yet use

the

these

same characters within the limits of the same group. We can clearly see how it is that all living and extinct forms can be grouped together →in one great system; and how the several members of each class are connected together by the most complex and radiating