Origin of Species Variorum

→ Hence, perhaps, it comes that the flora of Madeira, according to Oswald Heer, resembles the extinct tertiary flora of Europe. 1860

On a small island, the race for life will have been less severe, and there will have been less modification and less exter- mination. 1859

On a small island, the race for life will have been less severe, and there will have been less modification and less extermination. 1861 1866 1869 1872

→ All fresh-water basins, taken together, make a small area compared with that of the sea or of the land; and, consequently, the competition between fresh-water productions will have been less severe than elsewhere; new forms will have been more slowly formed, and old forms more slowly exterminated. 1860

Hence, perhaps, it comes that the flora of Madeira, according to Oswald Heer, resembles the extinct tertiary flora of Europe. 1859 1861 1866

Hence, perhaps, it is that the flora of Madeira, according to Oswald Heer, resembles the extinct tertiary flora of Europe. 1869

Hence, we can understand how it is that the flora of Madeira, according to Oswald Heer, resembles to a certain extent the extinct tertiary flora of Europe. 1872

→ And it is in fresh water that we find seven genera of Ganoid fishes, remnants of a once preponderant order: and in fresh water we find some 1860

All fresh-water basins, taken together, make a small area compared with that 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

→ most anomalous forms now known in the world, as the Ornithorhynchus and Lepidosiren, which, like fossils, connect to a certain extent orders now widely separated in the natural scale. 1860

sea or of the land; and, consequently, the competition between fresh-water productions will have been less severe than elsewhere; new forms will have been more slowly formed, and old forms more slowly exterminated. 1859 1861 1866 1869

sea or of the land. Consequently, the competition between fresh-water productions will have been less severe than elsewhere; new forms will have been then more slowly produced, and old forms more slowly exterminated. 1872

→ These 1860

And it is in fresh water that we find seven genera of Ganoid fishes, remnants of a once preponderant order: and in fresh water we find some of the most 1859 1861 1866 1869

And it is in fresh-water basins that we find seven genera of Ganoid fishes, remnants of a once preponderant order: and in fresh water we find some of the most 1872

→ may almost be called living fossils; they have endured to the present day, from having inhabited a confined area, and from having thus been exposed to less severe competition. 1860

now known in the world, as the Ornithorhynchus and Lepidosiren, which, like fossils, connect to a certain extent orders now widely separated in the natural scale. 1859 1861 1866

now known in the world, as the Ornithorhynchus and Lepidosiren, which, like fossils, connect to a certain extent orders at present widely separated in the natural scale. 1869

now known in the world, as the Ornithorhynchus and Lepidosiren, which, like fossils, connect to a certain extent orders at present widely sundered in the natural scale. 1872

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1860; present in 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

These anomalous forms may almost be called living fossils; they have endured to the present day, from having inhabited a confined area, and from having thus been exposed to less severe competition.

→ up the circumstances favourable and unfavourable to natural selection, 1859 1860 1861 1866

up the circumstances favourable and unfavourable for the production of new species through natural selection, 1869

up, 1872

→ permits. 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

permits, the circumstances favourable and unfavourable for the production of new species through natural selection. 1872

→ looking to the future, 1859 1860

OMIT 1861 1866 1869 1872

→ and which consequently will exist for long periods in a broken condition, is 1860

and which consequently will exist for long periods in a broken condition, will be 1859

and which consequently has existed for long periods in a broken condition, has been 1861 1866

will have been 1869 1872

→ long 1859 1860 1861 1866

for a long time 1869 1872

→ first 1860 1861 1866

will first have 1859

OMIT 1869 1872

→ at this period 1859 1860 1861 1866

will have been 1869 1872

→ species will thus be 1859 1860

species will thus have been 1861 1866

new species will have been 1869 1872

→Hence, perhaps, it comes that the flora of Madeira, according to Oswald Heer, resembles the extinct tertiary flora of Europe. →All fresh-water basins, taken together, make a small area compared with that of the sea or of the land; and, consequently, the competition between fresh-water productions will have been less severe than elsewhere; new forms will have been more slowly formed, and old forms more slowly exterminated. →And it is in fresh water that we find seven genera of Ganoid fishes, remnants of a once preponderant order: and in fresh water we find some of the →most anomalous forms now known in the world, as the Ornithorhynchus and Lepidosiren, which, like fossils, connect to a certain extent orders now widely separated in the natural scale. →These anomalous forms →may almost be called living fossils; they have endured to the present day, from having inhabited a confined area, and from having thus been exposed to less severe competition. ↑

To sum →up the circumstances favourable and unfavourable to natural selection, as far as the extreme intricacy of the subject →permits. I

conclude

conclude,

→looking to the future, that for terrestrial productions a large continental area,

which,

which

has

will probably

undergone

undergo

many oscillations of level, →and which consequently will exist for long periods in a broken condition, is the most favourable for the production of many new forms of life,

fitted

likely

to endure →long and to spread widely.

Whilst

For

the area →first existed as a continent,

~~and~~

and

the

inhabitants

inhabitants,

→at this period numerous in individuals and kinds,