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1859
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1859
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them becoming inarched 1859 1860 1861 1866
their inarching 1869 1872

between pure species, which have their reproductive systems perfect, seems to depend on several circumstances; in some cases largely on the early death of the embryo. 1859 1860 1861
and of their hybrid progeny has not, as far as we can judge, been increased through natural selection so as to attain that high degree which is universal with species when rendered widely distinct. 1866
and of their hybrid progeny has not, as far as we can judge, been acquired through natural selection. 1869
and of their hybrid progeny has not been acquired through natural selection. In the case of first crosses it seems to depend on several circumstances; in some instances in chief part on the early death of the embryo. 1872

1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1872; present in 1866 1869
With first crosses between pure species, in which the reproductive system is in a perfect condition, the sterility seems to depend on several circumstances; in some cases largely on the early death of the embryo, but this apparently depends on some imperfection in the original act of impregnation.

The sterility of hybrids, which have their reproductive systems imperfect, and which have had this system and their 1859 1860 1861
With hybrids, in which the reproductive system is in an imperfect condition, and in which this system as well as the 1866
In the case of hybrids, it perhaps depends on their 1869

disturbed 1859 1860 1861
has been disturbed 1866
having been disturbed 1869

species, seems 1859 1860 1861
forms, the sterility apparently is 1866
forms; the sterility being 1869

the crossing of forms only slightly different is favourable to 1859 1860 1861
the crossing of forms only slightly differentiated favours 1866
first, the crossing of forms only slightly differentiated favours 1869
firstly, slight changes in the conditions of life add to 1872

their offspring; and that slight changes in the 1859 1860 1861 1866
their offspring, whilst close interbreeding is injurious; and secondly, that slight changes in the 1869
all organic beings; and secondly, that the crossing of forms, which have been exposed to slightly different 1872

are apparently favourable to the 1859 1860 1861
apparently add to the 1866 1869
or which have varied, favours the size, 1872

all organic beings. 1859 1860 1861 1866
all organic beings, whilst greater changes are often injurious. 1869
their offspring. 1872

generally correspond, though 1859 1860 1861
in most cases correspond, even if 1872

of some kind 1859 1860 1861
OMIT 1872

from it, and 1860 1861
and 1859 1872

attempts to express 1859 1860 1861
includes resemblances of 1872

quite uni- versally, 1860
quite universally, 1859
as is so often falsely stated, universally 1861
as is so often stated, universally 1866
as is so often stated, invariably 1869 1872

somewhat analogous degrees of difficulty in being grafted together in order to prevent them becoming inarched in our forests.
The sterility of first crosses between pure species, which have their reproductive systems perfect, seems to depend on several circumstances; in some cases largely on the early death of the embryo. The sterility of hybrids, which have their reproductive systems imperfect, and which have had this system and their whole organisation disturbed by being compounded
from
of
two distinct species, seems closely allied to that
sterility
sterility
which so frequently affects pure species, when
exposed to
their
unnatural
natural
conditions of
life.
life
have
have
been
been
disturbed.
disturbed.
This view is
strongly supported
supported
by a parallelism of another
kind:—
kind:
kind;—
namely,
that,
that
the crossing of forms only slightly different is favourable to the vigour and fertility of their offspring; and that slight changes in the conditions of life are apparently favourable to the
vigour,
vigour
and fertility of all organic beings. It is not surprising that the
degree of
degree of
difficulty in
crossing any
uniting
two species, and the
sterility
degree
of
sterility of
sterility of
their
hybrid-offspring,
hybrid offspring,
hybrid-offspring
should generally correspond, though due to distinct causes; for both depend on the amount of difference of some kind between the species which are crossed. Nor is it surprising that the facility of effecting a first cross,
and the
the
fertility of the hybrids
produced,
thus produced,
produced
from it, and the capacity of being grafted together— though this latter capacity evidently depends on widely different circumstances— should all run, to a certain extent, parallel with the systematic affinity of the forms
which are
which are
subjected to experiment; for systematic affinity attempts to express all
kinds.
kinds
of
of
resemblance
resemblance
between
between
all
all
species.
species.
First crosses between forms known to be varieties, or sufficiently alike to be considered as varieties, and their mongrel offspring, are very generally, but
not,
not
quite uni- versally,