Origin of Species Variorum

→ rain-water. 1859 1860

rain-water charged with carbonic acid. 1861 1866 1869 1872

→ I suspect that but few 1859 1860

Some 1861 1866 1869 1872

→ animals 1859 1860

kinds of animals 1861 1866 1869 1872

→ are 1859 1860

seem to be rarely 1861 1866 1869 1872

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1866; present in 1869 1872

Lastly, many great deposits requiring a vast length of time for their accumulation, are entirely destitute of organic remains, without our being able to assign any reason: one of the most striking instances is that of the Flysch formation, which consists of shale and sandstone, several thousand, occasionally even six thousand feet, in thickness, and extending for at least 300 miles from Vienna to Switzerland; and although this great mass has been most carefully searched, no fossils, except a few vegetable remains, have been found.

→ from fossil remains 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

OMIT 1872

→ not 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

until recently not 1872

→ is 1859 1860 1861 1866

until quite recently was 1869

was 1872

→ of one species discovered 1860 1861 1866 1869 1872

discovered 1859

→ and Dr. Dawson in 1860 1861 1866 1869 1872

in 1859

→ America, of which shell several specimens have now been collected. 1860

America. 1859

America, of which shell above a hundred specimens have now been collected. 1861 1866 1869

America; but now land-shells have been found in the lias. 1872

→ the Supplement to 1859 1860 1861

OMIT 1866 1869 1872

by the percolation of →rain-water. →I suspect that but few of the

~~very~~

very

many →animals which live on the beach between high and low

water mark

watermark

→are preserved. For instance, the several species of the Chthamalinæ (a

sub-family

subfamily

of sessile cirripedes) coat the rocks all over the world in infinite numbers: they are all strictly littoral, with the exception of a single Mediterranean species, which inhabits deep

water,

water

and

this has

has

been found fossil in Sicily, whereas not one other species has hitherto been found in any tertiary

formation;

formation:

yet it is

~~now~~

now

known that the genus Chthamalus existed during the

Chalk

chalk

period. The molluscan genus Chiton offers a partially analogous case. ↑

With respect to the terrestrial productions which lived during the Secondary and Palæozoic periods, it is superfluous to state that our evidence →from fossil remains is fragmentary in an extreme degree. For instance, →not a land shell →is known belonging to either of these vast periods, with

one

the

exception →of one species discovered by Sir C. Lyell →and Dr. Dawson in the carboniferous strata of North →America, of which shell several specimens have now been collected. In regard to mammiferous remains, a

~~single~~

single

glance at the historical table published in →the Supplement to

Lyells

Lyell's

Manual

Manual,

will bring home the truth, how accidental and rare is their preservation, far better than pages of detail. Nor is their rarity surprising, when we remember how large a proportion of the bones of tertiary mammals have been discovered either in caves or in lacustrine deposits; and that not a cave or true lacustrine bed is

know

known

belonging to the age of our secondary or palæozoic formations.

But the imperfection in the geological record

largely

mainly

results from another and more important cause than any of the foregoing; namely, from the several

forma- tions

formations