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1859
1860
1861
1866
1869
1872

Compare with:
1859
1861
1866
1869
1872

analogous facts. 1859 1860 1861 1866
nearly similar cases. 1869
nearly parallel cases. 1872

certain 1859 1860 1861
animals of certain whole 1866 1869 1872

the other inhabitants; 1859 1860 1861
animals belonging to other classes; thus 1866
other classes: thus 1869
other classes; thus 1872

the 1859 1860 1861 1866
or recently took, the 1869 1872

1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861; present in 1866 1869 1872
Although New Zealand is here spoken of as an oceanic island, it is in some degree doubtful whether it should be so ranked; it is of large size, and is not separated from Australia by a profoundly deep sea: from its geological character and the direction of its mountain-ranges, the Rev. W. B. Clarke has lately maintained that this island, as well as New Caledonia, should be considered as appurtenances of Australia.

In the plants of the Galapagos Islands, 1859 1860 1861 1866
Turning to plants, 1869 1872

the 1859 1860 1861 1866
in the Galapagos Islands the 1869 1872

Such cases 1859 1860 1861
All such cases 1866
All such differences in number, and the absence of certain whole groups of animals and plants on islands, 1869
All such differences in number, and the absence of certain whole groups of animals and plants, 1872

the 1859 1860 1861 1866
supposed differences in their 1869
supposed differences in the 1872

of the islands; 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872
OMIT 1869

seems to me 1859 1860 1861
is 1866 1869 1872

I believe, has been at least 1859 1860
seems to have been at least 1861 1866
seems to have been fully 1869 1872

mammals, 1859 1860 1861 1866
a single mammal, 1869 1872

the adaptation of hooked seeds for transportal by 1859 1860 1861 1866
that hooked seeds are adapted for transportal in 1869
that hooks serve for the transportal of seeds in 1872

This case presents no difficulty on my view, for 1859 1860 1861 1866
But 1869 1872

but still retaining its hooked seeds, 1859 1860 1861 1866
OMIT 1869 1872

having as useless an appendage as any rudimentary organ,— for instance, as 1859 1860 1861 1866
which might still retain the hooks, which would not form a more useless appendage than 1869
still retaining its hooks, which would form a useless appendage like 1872

though it would have 1859 1860 1861
though it might have 1866
which had 1869 1872

The different orders of insects
inhabiting
in
Madeira
apparently
apparently
present analogous facts.
Oceanic islands are sometimes deficient in certain classes, and their places are
apparently
apparently
occupied by the other inhabitants; in the Galapagos Islands reptiles, and in New Zealand gigantic wingless birds,
take,
take
the place of mammals. In the plants of the Galapagos Islands, Dr. Hooker has shown that the proportional numbers of the different orders are very different from what they are elsewhere. Such cases are generally accounted for by the physical
conditions;
conditions
of the islands; but this explanation seems to me not a little doubtful. Facility of
immigration
immigration,
I believe, has been at least as important as the nature of the conditions.
Many remarkable little facts could be given with respect to the inhabitants of
oceanic
remote
islands. For instance, in certain islands not tenanted by mammals, some of the endemic plants have beautifully hooked seeds;
and
yet
few relations are more
manifest
striking
than the adaptation of hooked seeds for transportal by the wool
or
and
fur of quadrupeds. This case presents no difficulty on my view, for a hooked seed might be
carried
transported
to an island by
some
some
other means; and the plant then becoming
slightly
slightly
modified
modified,
but still retaining its hooked seeds, would form an endemic species, having as useless an appendage as any rudimentary organ,— for instance, as the shrivelled wings under the soldered
wing-covers
elytra
of many insular beetles. Again, islands often possess trees or bushes belonging to orders
which
which
elsewhere
including
include
only herbaceous species; now trees, as Alph. de Candolle has shown, generally have,
what- ever
whatever
the cause may be, confined ranges. Hence trees would
he
be
little likely to reach distant oceanic islands; and an herbaceous plant, though it would have no chance of