| → in their own country 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
| OMIT 1872 |
|
| → two forms together by others having intermediate characters, 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
| by means of intermediate links any two forms, 1872 |
|
|
like to rank them as distinct species, are in several respects the most important for us. We have every reason to believe that many of these doubtful and
forms have permanently retained their characters
→in their own country
for a long time; for as long, as far as we know, as have good and true species. Practically, when a naturalist can unite
→two forms together by others having intermediate characters,
he treats the one as a variety of the
ranking the most common, but sometimes the one first described, as the species, and the other as the variety. But cases of great difficulty, which I will not here enumerate, sometimes
in deciding whether or not to rank one form as a variety of another, even when they are closely connected by intermediate links; nor will the commonly-assumed hybrid nature of the intermediate
always remove the difficulty. In very many cases, however, one form is ranked as a variety of another, not because the intermediate links have actually been found, but because analogy leads the observer to suppose either that they do now somewhere exist, or may formerly have existed; and here a wide door for the entry of doubt and conjecture is opened. |
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| Hence, in determining whether a form should be ranked as a species or a variety, the opinion of naturalists having sound judgment and wide experience seems the only guide to follow. We must, however, in many cases, decide by a majority of naturalists, for few well-marked and well-known varieties can be named which have not been ranked as species by at least some competent judges. |
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| That varieties of this doubtful nature are far from uncommon cannot be disputed. Compare the several floras of Great Britain, of
or of the United States, drawn up by different botanists, and see what a
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