Origin of Species Variorum

→ and to 1859 1860 1861 1866

or 1869

and then to 1872

→ and higher stage may be; in some cases, due merely to 1861

and higher stage may be, in some cases, due merely to 1859 1860 1866

may, in some cases, be the simple result of 1869

may, in many cases, be the simple result of 1872

→ in two different regions; but I have not much faith in this view; and I attribute the passage of a variety, from a state in which it differs very slightly from its parent to one in which it differs more, 1859 1860 1861 1866

but in most cases they may be attributed 1869

→ action 1859 1860 1861 1866

gradual accumulative action 1869

→ in accumulating (as will hereafter 1859 1860 1861 1866

as hereafter to 1869

→ differences of structure in certain definite directions. 1859 1860 1861 1866

on fluctuating variability. 1869

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869; present in 1872

the nature of the organism and of the different physical conditions to which it has long been exposed; but with respect to the more important and adaptive characters, the passage from one stage of difference to another, may be safely attributed to the cumulative action of natural selection, hereafter to be explained, and to the effects of the increased use or disuse of parts.

→ Hence I believe a 1859 1860 1861 1866

Hence a 1869

A 1872

→ views 1859 1860 1861 1866

considerations 1869

considerations to be 1872

→ whilst in this incipient state 1859 1860 1861 1866

OMIT 1869 1872

→ Madeira. 1859 1860 1861 1866

Madeira, and with plants by Gaston de Saporta. 1869 1872

are barely

though

thought

worth recording in works on natural history. And I look at varieties which are in any degree more distinct and permanent, as steps

towards

leading to

strongly-marked

strongly marked

and

~~more~~

permanent varieties; and at

the

these

latter, as leading to

sub-species

sub-species,

→and to species. The

passages

passage

from one stage of difference to another →and higher stage may be; in some cases, due merely to the long-continued action of different physical

conditions;

conditions

→in two different regions; but I have not much faith in this view; and I attribute the passage of a variety, from a state in which it differs very slightly from its parent to one in which it differs more, to the →action of natural

selection,

selection

→in accumulating (as will hereafter be more fully

explained,

explained)

→differences of structure in certain definite directions. ↑ →Hence I believe a well-marked variety may

be justly

therefore be

called an incipient species; but whether this belief

justifiable must be judged

by the

~~general~~

general

weight of the

various

~~several~~

several

facts and →views given throughout this work.

It need not be supposed that all varieties or incipient species

~~necessarily~~

necessarily

attain the rank of species. They may →whilst in this incipient state become extinct, or they may endure as varieties for very long periods, as has been shown to be the case by Mr. Wollaston with the varieties of certain fossil land-shells in →Madeira. If a variety were to flourish so as to exceed in numbers the parent species, it would

them

then

rank as the species, and the species as the variety; or it might come to supplant and exterminate the parent species; or both might co-exist, and both rank as independent species. But we shall hereafter

return

have

~~return to~~

return to

this subject.

From these remarks it will be seen that I look at the term

species

species,

as one arbitrarily

given,

given

for the sake of

convenience,

convenience

to a set of individuals closely resembling each other, and that it does not essentially differ from the term variety, which is given to less distinct and more