|
we have the means of instituting a comparison, the same laws appear to have acted in producing the lesser differences between varieties of the same species, and the greater differences between species of the same genus. ↑
The external conditions of life, as climate and food, &c., seem to have induced some slight modifications. Habit in producing constitutional
and use in
and disuse in weakening and diminishing organs,
→seem
to have been
potent in their effects. Homologous parts tend to vary in the same
and homologous parts tend to cohere. Modifications in hard parts and in external parts sometimes affect softer and internal parts. When one part is largely developed, perhaps it tends to draw nourishment from the adjoining parts; and every part of the structure which can be saved without detriment
→to the individual,
will be saved. Changes of structure at an early age
affect parts subsequently developed; and
→there are very many other correlations of growth,
the nature of which we are
unable to
→understand. Multiple parts are variable in number and in structure, perhaps arising from such parts not having been closely specialised
any particular function, so that their modifications have not been closely checked by natural selection. It
probably from this same
that organic beings low in the scale
are more variable than those
→which
have their whole organisation more
Rudimentary organs, from being useless,
→will be disregarded
by natural selection, and hence
are variable. Specific
that is, the characters which have come to differ since the several species of the same genus branched off from a common
are more variable than generic characters, or those which have long been inherited, and have not differed within this same period.
|
