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is not an innate and unalterable element in the mind. 1866 1869
of what is beautiful, is not innate or unalterable. 1872

in 1866 1869
for instance, in the 1872

1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869; present in 1872
If beautiful objects had been created solely for man's gratification, it ought to be shown that before man appeared, there was less beauty on the face of the earth than since he came on the stage.

beauty in natural 1866
picturesque beauty in 1869

become through natural selection beautiful, or rather 1866 1869
been rendered 1872

greenness of the leaves, 1866
green leaves, 1869
green leaves, and in consequence at the same time beautiful, so 1872

We may safely 1866
Hence we may 1869 1872

never existed 1866 1869
not been developed 1872

obviously depends on the
nature
mind
of
the mind,
man,
irrespective of any real quality in the admired object; and that the idea is not an innate and unalterable element in the mind. We see
this,
this
in men of different races admiring an entirely different standard of beauty in their
women.
women;
neither
neither
the
the
Negro
Negro
nor
nor
the
the
Chinese
Chinese
admires
admires
the
the
Caucasian
Caucasian
beau-ideal.
beau-ideal.
The idea also of beauty in natural scenery has arisen only within modern times. On the view of beautiful objects having been created for
mans
man's
gratification, it ought to be shown that there was less beauty on the face of the earth before man appeared than since he came on the stage. Were the beautiful volute and cone shells of the Eocene epoch, and the gracefully sculptured ammonites of the Secondary period, created that man might ages afterwards admire them in his cabinet? Few objects are more beautiful than the minute siliceous cases of the diatomaceæ: were these created that they might be examined and admired under the higher powers of the microscope? The beauty in this latter case, and in many others, is apparently wholly due to symmetry of growth. Flowers rank amongst the most beautiful productions of nature;
but
and
they have become through natural selection beautiful, or rather conspicuous in contrast with the greenness of the leaves, that they
may
might
easily be
be easily
observed
and visited
and visited
by
insects.
insects,
so
so
that
that
their
their
fertilisation
fertilisation
might
might
be
be
favoured.
favoured.
I have come to this conclusion from finding it an invariable rule that when a flower is fertilised by the wind it never has a gaily-coloured corolla.
Again,
Again,
Several
several
plants habitually produce two kinds of flowers; one kind open and coloured so as to attract insects; the other
closed,
closed
and
and
not coloured, destitute of nectar, and never visited by insects. We may safely conclude that, if insects had never existed on the face of the earth,
our plants
the vegetation