Origin of Species Variorum

→ but still retaining its hooked seeds, 1859 1860 1861 1866

OMIT 1869 1872

→ having as useless an appendage as any rudimentary organ,— for instance, as 1859 1860 1861 1866

which might still retain the hooks, which would not form a more useless appendage than 1869

still retaining its hooks, which would form a useless appendage like 1872

→ though it might have 1866

though it would have 1859 1860 1861

which had 1869 1872

→ on a continent with many 1866

in stature with a 1859 1860 1861

with the many 1869 1872

→ when 1859 1860 1861 1866

growing on a continent, might, when 1869 1872

→ and having to compete with herbaceous plants alone, might readily gain an advantage 1859 1860 1861 1866

gain an advantage 1869

gain an advantage over other herbaceous plants 1872

→ over them by 1866

by 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872

→ overtopping them. 1866

taller and overtopping the other plants. 1859 1860 1861

taller and overtopping the other herbaceous plants. 1869

taller and overtopping them. 1872

→ If so, 1859 1860 1861 1866

In this case, 1869 1872

→ when growing on oceanic islands, 1866

when growing on an island, 1859

when growing on an oceanic island, 1860 1861

OMIT 1869 1872

→ convert them first into bushes and ultimately into 1859 1860 1861 1866

convert it first into a bush and then into a 1869

first convert it into a bush and then into a 1872

→ on 1859 1860 1861 1866

of animals on 1869 1872

→ true, with the exception of New Zealand, of the Andaman Islands, and perhaps of the Salomon Islands. 1866 1869

true. 1859 1860 1861

true, with the exception of New Zealand, New Caledonia, the Andaman Islands, and perhaps the Salomon Islands and the Seychelles. 1872

→ But I have already remarked that it is doubtful whether 1866

I have, however, been assured that a frog exists on the mountains of the great island of 1859 1860 1861

→ ought to be classed as an oceanic island; and this is still more doubtful with respect to the Andaman and Salomon groups. 1866

but I suspect that this exception (if the information be correct) may be explained through glacial agency. 1859 1860 1861

an island by

~~some~~

some

other means; and the plant then becoming

~~slightly~~

slightly

modified

modified,

→but still retaining its hooked seeds, would form an endemic species, →having as useless an appendage as any rudimentary organ,— for instance, as the shrivelled wings under the soldered

wing-covers

elytra

of many insular beetles. Again, islands often possess trees or bushes belonging to orders

~~which~~

which

elsewhere

including

include

only herbaceous species; now trees, as Alph. de Candolle has shown, generally have,

what- ever

whatever

the cause may be, confined ranges. Hence trees would

little likely to reach distant oceanic islands; and an herbaceous plant, →though it might have no chance of

suc- cessfully

successfully

competing →on a continent with many fully developed

tree,

trees

trees,

→when established on an

island,

island

→and having to compete with herbaceous plants alone, might readily gain an advantage →over them by growing taller and →overtopping them. →If so, natural selection would

~~often~~

often

tend to add to the stature of

the

herbaceous

plant,

plants

→when growing on oceanic islands, to whatever order

they

belonged, and thus →convert them first into bushes and ultimately into

tree.

trees.

Absence of Batrachians and Terrestrial Mammals on

Oceania

Oceanic

Islands .

With respect to the absence of whole orders →on oceanic islands, Bory St. Vincent long ago remarked that Batrachians (frogs, toads, newts)

are

have

never

~~been~~

been

found on any of the many islands with which the great oceans are studded. I have taken pains to verify this assertion, and

....

have found it

~~strictly~~

strictly

→true, with the exception of New Zealand, of the Andaman Islands, and perhaps of the Salomon Islands. →But I have already remarked that it is doubtful whether New

Zealand;

Zealand

→ought to be classed as an oceanic island; and this is still more doubtful with respect to the Andaman and Salomon groups.