Origin of Species Variorum

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1866; present in 1869 1872

Rudimentary organs declare their origin and plain meaning in various ways.

→ The meaning of rudimentary organs is often quite unmistakeable: for instance, 1866

The meaning of rudimentary organs is often quite unmistakeable: for instance 1859 1860 1861

OMIT 1869 1872

→ of 1859 1860 1861 1866

belonging to closely allied species, or even to 1869 1872

→ genus (and even of the same species) resembling each other most closely in all respects, one of which will have full-sized wings, and another mere 1859 1860 1861 1866

identical species, which have either full-sized and perfect wings, or mere minute 1869

identical species, which have either full-sized and perfect wings, or mere 1872

→ and here 1859 1860 1861 1866

not rarely lying under wing-covers firmly soldered together; and in this case 1869

which not rarely lie under wing-covers firmly soldered together; and in these cases 1872

→ and are merely not developed: this seems to be the case 1859 1860 1861 1866

this occasionally occurs 1869 1872

→ for many instances are on record of these organs having 1859 1860 1861 1866

for they have been known to 1869

which have been known to 1872

→ in full-grown males, and having 1859 1860 1861 1866

and to 1869 1872

→ there are normally four developed and two rudimentary teats 1859 1860 1861 1866

OMIT 1869 1872

→ but in our domestic cows the two sometimes become 1859 1860 1861 1866

there are normally four 1869 1872

→ give 1859 1860 1861 1866

two rudimentary teats; but the latter in our domestic cows sometimes become well developed and yield 1869 1872

→ plants of the same species 1860 1861 1866

individual plants of the same species 1859

regard to plants 1869 1872

→ sometimes occur as mere 1859 1860 1861 1866

are sometimes 1869 1872

→ in a well-developed state. 1859 1860 1861 1866

well-developed in individuals of the same species. 1869

well-developed in the individuals of the same species. 1872

→ some plants with their sexes separated, 1866

plants with separated sexes, 1859 1860 1861

certain diœcious plants Kölreuter found that by crossing a species, in which 1869

certain plants having separated sexes 1872

→ the male flowers include a rudiment of a pistil; and Kölreuter found that by crossing a species of this kind with another hermaphrodite species, the rudiment of the pistil 1866

the male flowers often have a rudiment of a pistil; and Kölreuter found that by crossing such male plants with an hermaphrodite species, the rudiment of the pistil 1859 1860 1861

the male flowers included a rudiment of a pistil, with an hermaphrodite species, having of course a well-developed pistil, the rudiment 1869

Kölreuter found that by crossing a species, in which the male flowers included a rudiment of a pistil, 1872

→ in 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

with an hermaphrodite species, having of course a well-developed pistil, the rudiment in 1872

→ clearly shows how essen- tially alike in nature 1866

shows that 1859 1860 1861

clearly shows that 1869 1872

the presence of teeth in fœtal whales, which when grown up have not a tooth in their heads;

and

the

~~presence of~~

presence of

teeth, which never cut through the gums, in the upper jaws of

~~our~~

our

unborn

calves?

calves.

It has even been stated on good authority that rudiments of teeth can be detected in the beaks of certain embryonic birds. Nothing can be plainer than that wings are formed for flight, yet in how many insects do we see wings so reduced in size as to be utterly incapable of flight, and not rarely lying under wing-cases, firmly soldered together! ↑

→The meaning of rudimentary organs is often quite unmistakeable: for instance,

There

there

are beetles →of the same →genus (and even of the same species) resembling each other most closely in all respects, one of which will have full-sized wings, and another mere rudiments of

membrane,

membrane;

→and here it is impossible to doubt, that the rudiments represent wings. Rudimentary organs sometimes retain their

potentiality:

potentiality,

→and are merely not developed: this seems to be the case with the mammæ of male mammals, →for many instances are on record of these organs having become well

developed,

developed

→in full-grown males, and having

secrete

secreted

milk. So again →there are normally four developed and two rudimentary teats in the udders

the genus

Bos,

Bos;

→but in our domestic cows the two sometimes become developed and →give milk. In →plants of the same species the petals →sometimes occur as mere

rudimental,

rudimentary,

rudiments,

and sometimes →in a well-developed state. In →some plants with their sexes separated, →the male flowers include a rudiment of a pistil; and Kölreuter found that by crossing a species of this kind with another hermaphrodite species, the rudiment of the pistil →in the hybrid offspring was much increased in size; and this →clearly shows how essen- tially alike in nature the

rudimentary

rudiment

and

~~the~~

the

perfect