Origin of Species Variorum

→ causing 1859 1860 1861 1866

when used against an enemy often causing 1869

when used against an enemy, causing 1872

→ with the great majority 1860 1861 1866

and being then 1859 1869 1872

→ variation 1859 1860 1861 1866

acknowledged variations 1869

the production of varieties 1872

→ so-called specific forms. 1859 1860 1861 1866

so-called specific differences. 1869

distinct species. 1872

→ but little direct effect; yet when varieties enter any zone, they occasionally assume some of the characters of the species proper to that zone. 1859 1860 1861 1866

some direct and definite effect, but how much we cannot say. 1869 1872

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1866; present in 1869 1872

Thus when varieties enter any new station, they occasionally assume some of the characters proper to the species of that station.

→ hybrids! 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

hybrids! How simply is this fact explained if we believe that these species are all descended from a striped progenitor, in the same manner as the several domestic breeds of the pigeon are descended from the blue and barred rock-pigeon! 1872

the sting of the

bee,

bee

→causing the

bees

bee's

own death; at drones being produced in such

great

vast

numbers for one single act, →with the great majority slaughtered by their sterile sisters; at the astonishing waste of pollen by our fir-trees; at the instinctive hatred of the

queen-bee

queen bee

for her own fertile daughters; at ichneumonidæ feeding within the

living

live

bodies of caterpillars;

and

at other such cases. The wonder indeed is, on the theory of natural selection, that more cases of the want of absolute perfection have not been

detected.

observed.

The complex and little known laws governing →variation are the same, as far as we can

judge,

see,

with the laws which have governed the production of →so-called specific forms. In both cases physical conditions seem to have produced →but little direct effect; yet when varieties enter any zone, they occasionally assume some of the characters of the species proper to that zone. ↑

With

both varieties and species, use and disuse seem to have produced

a considerable

some

effect; for it is

impossible

difficult

to resist this

con-

....

clusion

conclusion

when we look, for instance, at the logger-headed duck, which has wings incapable of flight, in nearly the same condition as in the domestic duck; or when we look at the burrowing

tucu-tucu,

tucutucu,

which is occasionally blind, and then at certain moles, which are habitually blind and have their eyes covered with skin; or when we look at the blind animals inhabiting the dark caves of America and Europe.

With

In both

varieties and

species,

correlated

variation

seems to have played

important part, so that when one part has been modified other parts