Origin of Species Variorum

→ wholly 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

may be attributed 1872

→ cave-rat (Neotoma), two of which were captured by 1861 1866 1869

cave-rat, the eyes are of immense size; and 1859 1860

cave rat (Neotoma), two of which were captured by 1872

→ at above half a mile distance from the mouth of the cave, and therefore not 1861 1866 1869 1872

thought that it regained, after living some days 1859 1860

→ profoundest depths, the eyes were lustrous and of large size; and these animals, as I am informed by Professor Silliman, after having been exposed for about a month to a graduated light, acquired a dim perception of objects. 1869 1872

light, some slight power of vision. 1859 1860

profoundest depths, the eyes were lustrous and of large size; but these animals, as I am informed by Professor Silliman, having been exposed for about a month to a graduated light, acquired a dim perception of objects when brought towards their eyes, and blinked. 1861 1866

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1861 1866 1869 1872; present in 1859 1860

In the same manner as in Madeira the wings of some of the insects have been enlarged, and the wings of others have been reduced by natural selection aided by use and disuse, so in the case of the cave-rat natural selection seems to have struggled with the loss of light and to have increased the size of the eyes; whereas with all the other inhabitants of the caves, disuse by itself seems to have done its work.

→ on the common 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

in accordance with the old 1872

→ OMIT 1869 1872

but, as Schiödte and others have remarked, 1859 1860

OMIT 1861 1866

→ OMIT 1869 1872

and the cave-insects of 1859 1860

if we look at 1861 1866

→ OMIT 1869 1872

continents are not more closely allied than might have been anticipated from the general resemblance of the other inhabitants of North America and Europe. 1859 1860

whole faunas; and with respect to the insects alone, Schiödte has remarked, " 1861 1866

→ in most cases ordinary 1861 1866 1869 1872

ordinary 1859 1860

→ "We accordingly look upon the subterranean faunas as small ramifications which have penetrated into the earth from the geographically limited faunas of the adjacent tracts, and which, as they extended themselves into darkness, have been accommodated to surrounding circumstances. Animals 1861 1866 1869 1872

"animals 1859 1860

→ darkness, and whose formation is quite peculiar." 1861 1866 1869 1872

darkness." 1859 1860

loss →wholly to disuse. In one of the blind animals, namely, the →cave-rat (Neotoma), two of which were captured by Professor Silliman →at above half a mile distance from the mouth of the cave, and therefore not in the →profoundest depths, the eyes were lustrous and of large size; and these animals, as I am informed by Professor Silliman, after having been exposed for about a month to a graduated light, acquired a dim perception of objects. ↑

It is difficult to imagine conditions of life more similar than deep limestone caverns under a nearly similar climate; so

that

that,

→on the common view of the blind animals having been separately created for the American and European caverns,

very close

similarity in their organisation and affinities might have been

expected;

expected.

→OMIT

this

This

....

not

certainly not

....

the

....

case,

case

....

→OMIT

the

....

two

....

→OMIT This is certainly not the case if we look at the two whole faunas; and with respect to the insects alone, Schiödte has remarked,

"We

are accordingly prevented from considering the entire phenomenon in any other light than something purely local, and the similarity which is exhibited in a few forms between the Mammoth cave (in Kentucky) and the caves in Carniola, otherwise than as a very plain expression of that analogy which subsists generally between the fauna of Europe and of North America." On my view we must suppose that American animals, having →in most cases ordinary powers of vision, slowly migrated by successive generations from the outer world into the deeper and deeper recesses of the Kentucky caves, as did European animals into the caves of Europe. We have some evidence of this gradation of habit; for, as Schiödte remarks, →"We accordingly look upon the subterranean faunas as small ramifications which have penetrated into the earth from the geographically limited faunas of the adjacent tracts, and which, as they extended themselves into darkness, have been accommodated to surrounding circumstances. Animals not far remote from ordinary forms, prepare the transition from light to darkness. Next follow those that are constructed for twilight; and, last of all, those destined for total →darkness, and whose formation is quite peculiar."