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some still 1866 1869
many 1859 1860 1861
some closely allied, still 1872

of some tertiary closely allied 1866 1869
tertiary representative 1859 1860 1861
extinct tertiary 1872

these two areas being now completely 1866 1869 1872
areas now 1859 1860 1861

the breadth of a whole 1866 1869 1872
a 1859 1860 1861

a wide space of 1866 1869
nearly a hemisphere of equatorial 1859 1860 1861
wide spaces of 1872

close relationship in species either now or formerly inhabiting the seas on the eastern and western shores 1869 1872
relationship, without identity, of the inhabitants of seas now disjoined, and likewise of the past and present inhabitants of the temperate lands 1859 1860 1861
close relationship in many species either now or formerly inhabiting the seas on the eastern and western shores 1866

the Mediterranean and Japan, and the temperate lands of North America and 1866 1869 1872
and 1859 1860 1861

parts of South Africa or Australia, 1866 1869 1872
the southern continents of the Old World, 1859 1860 1861

Worlds, we find very few identical species (though Asa Gray has lately shown that more plants are identical than was formerly supposed), but we find in every great class many forms, which some naturalists rank as geographical races, and others as distinct species; and a host of closely allied or representative forms which are ranked by all naturalists as specifically distinct.
As on the land, so in the waters of the sea, a slow southern migration of a marine fauna,
which
which,
during the Pliocene or even a somewhat earlier period, was nearly uniform along the continuous shores of the Polar Circle, will account, on the theory of modification, for many closely allied forms now living in
areas
marine areas
completely sundered. Thus, I think, we can understand the presence of some still existing and of some tertiary closely allied
forms,
forms
on the eastern and western shores of temperate North America; and the still more striking
case
fact
of many closely allied crustaceans (as described in
Dana's
Danas
admirable work),
of
of
some fish and other marine animals,
inhabiting
in
the Mediterranean and
in
in
the seas of Japan,— these two areas being now completely separated by the breadth of a whole continent and by a wide space of ocean.
These cases of close relationship in species either now or formerly inhabiting the seas on the eastern and western shores of North
America
America,
the Mediterranean and Japan, and the temperate lands of North America and Europe, are inexplicable on the theory of creation. We cannot
say
maintain
that
they
such species
have been created alike, in correspondence with the nearly similar physical conditions of the areas; for if we compare, for instance, certain parts of South America with parts of South Africa or Australia, we see countries closely
corresponding
similar
in all their physical conditions,
but
but
with
their
....
inhabitants utterly