Origin of Species Variorum

→ which had 1869 1872

though it would have 1859 1860 1861

though it might have 1866

→ with the many 1869 1872

in stature with a 1859 1860 1861

on a continent with many 1866

→ growing on a continent, might, when 1869 1872

when 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ gain an advantage 1869

and having to compete with herbaceous plants alone, might readily gain an advantage 1859 1860 1861 1866

gain an advantage over other herbaceous plants 1872

→ by 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872

over them by 1866

→ taller and overtopping the other herbaceous plants. 1869

taller and overtopping the other plants. 1859 1860 1861

overtopping them. 1866

taller and overtopping them. 1872

→ In this case, 1869 1872

If so, 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ OMIT 1869 1872

when growing on an island, 1859

when growing on an oceanic island, 1860 1861

when growing on oceanic islands, 1866

→ convert it first into a bush and then into a 1869

convert them first into bushes and ultimately into 1859 1860 1861 1866

first convert it into a bush and then into a 1872

→ of animals on 1869 1872

on 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ true, with the exception of New Zealand, of the Andaman Islands, and perhaps of the Salomon Islands. 1866 1869

true. 1859 1860 1861

true, with the exception of New Zealand, New Caledonia, the Andaman Islands, and perhaps the Salomon Islands and the Seychelles. 1872

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1869 1872; present in 1859 1860 1861 1866

I have, however, been assured that a frog exists on the mountains of the great island of New Zealand; but I suspect that this exception (if the information be correct) may be explained through glacial agency.

→ ought 1869

and New Caledonia ought 1872

→ groups. 1869

groups and the Seychelles. 1872

→ known to be 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

OMIT 1872

→ by sea-water, 1861 1866 1869

by sea-water, on my view we can see that 1859 1860

(with the exception, as far as known, of one Indian species) by sea-water, 1872

whatever

what- ever

the cause may be, confined ranges. Hence trees would

little likely to reach distant oceanic islands; and an herbaceous plant, →which had no chance of

suc- cessfully

successfully

competing →with the many fully developed

tree,

trees,

trees

→growing on a continent, might, when established on an

island

island,

→gain an advantage →by growing taller and →taller and overtopping the other herbaceous plants. →In this case, natural selection would

often

....

tend to add to the stature of

herbaceous

the

plants

plant,

→OMIT to whatever order

they

belonged, and thus →convert it first into a bush and then into a

trees.

tree.

Absence of Batrachians and Terrestrial Mammals on

Oceanic

Oceania

Islands .

With respect to the absence of whole orders →of animals on oceanic islands, Bory St. Vincent long ago remarked that Batrachians (frogs, toads, newts)

have

are

never

been

....

found on any of the many islands with which the great oceans are studded. I have taken pains to verify this assertion, and

....

have found it

~~strictly~~

strictly

→true, with the exception of New Zealand, of the Andaman Islands, and perhaps of the Salomon Islands. ↑ But I have already remarked that it is doubtful whether New Zealand →ought to be classed as

oceanic

islands;

island;

and this is still more doubtful with respect to the Andaman and Salomon →groups. This general absence of frogs, toads, and newts on so many

true oceanic

oceanic

islands cannot be accounted for by their physical

conditions:

conditions;

indeed it seems that islands are peculiarly

~~well~~

well

fitted for these animals; for frogs have been introduced into Madeira, the Azores, and Mauritius, and have multiplied so

as to

as-to

become a nuisance. But as these animals and their spawn are →known to be immediately killed →by sea-water, there would be great difficulty in their transportal across the sea, and therefore