Origin of Species Variorum

→ or 1869

and to 1859 1860 1861 1866

and then to 1872

→ may, in some cases, be the simple result of 1869

and higher stage may be, in some cases, due merely to 1859 1860 1866

and higher stage may be; in some cases, due merely to 1861

may, in many cases, be the simple result of 1872

→ but in most cases they may be attributed 1869

in two different regions; but I have not much faith in this view; and I attribute the passage of a variety, from a state in which it differs very slightly from its parent to one in which it differs more, 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ gradual accumulative action 1869

action 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ as hereafter to 1869

in accumulating (as will hereafter 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ on fluctuating variability. 1869

differences of structure in certain definite directions. 1859 1860 1861 1866

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869; present in 1872

the nature of the organism and of the different physical conditions to which it has long been exposed; but with respect to the more important and adaptive characters, the passage from one stage of difference to another, may be safely attributed to the cumulative action of natural selection, hereafter to be explained, and to the effects of the increased use or disuse of parts.

→ Hence a 1869

Hence I believe a 1859 1860 1861 1866

A 1872

→ considerations 1869

considerations to be 1872

→ OMIT 1869 1872

whilst in this incipient state 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ Madeira, and with plants by Gaston de Saporta. 1869 1872

Madeira. 1859 1860 1861 1866

insensible series; and a series impresses the mind with the idea of an actual passage.

Hence I look at individual differences, though of small interest to the systematist, as of

high

the highest

importance for us, as being the first

step

steps

towards such slight varieties as are barely

though

thought

worth recording in works on natural history. And I look at varieties which are in any degree more distinct and permanent, as steps

leading to

towards

strongly marked

strongly-marked

and

....

permanent varieties; and at

these

the

latter, as leading to

sub-species,

sub-species

→or species. The

passage

passages

from one stage of difference to another →may, in some cases, be the simple result of the long-continued action of different physical

conditions

conditions;

→but in most cases they may be attributed to the →gradual accumulative action of natural

selection

selection,

→as hereafter to be more fully

explained)

explained,

→on fluctuating variability. ↑ →Hence a well-marked variety may

be justly

therefore be

called an incipient species; but whether this belief

justifiable must be judged

by the

~~general~~

general

weight of the

several

various

....

facts and →considerations given throughout this work.

It need not be supposed that all varieties or incipient species

~~necessarily~~

necessarily

attain the rank of species. They may →OMIT become extinct, or they may endure as varieties for very long periods, as has been shown to be the case by Mr. Wollaston with the varieties of certain fossil land-shells in →Madeira, and with plants by Gaston de Saporta. If a variety were to flourish so as to exceed in numbers the parent species, it would

them

then

rank as the species, and the species as the variety; or it might come to supplant and exterminate the parent species; or both might co-exist, and both rank as independent species. But we shall hereafter

have

return

return to

....

this subject.

From these remarks it will be seen that I look at the term

species,

species

as one arbitrarily

given

given,

for the sake of

convenience

convenience,

to a set of individuals closely resembling