Origin of Species Variorum

→ varieties, and Naudin has come to the same conclusion. 1866 1869 1872

varieties. 1859 1860 1861

→ OMIT 1869 1872

of the same species of Verbascum when 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ of the same species. 1869 1872

when fertilised with pollen from their own coloured flowers. 1859 1860 1861

when fertilised with pollen from its own coloured flowers. 1866

→ differ in no respect except in the 1869 1872

of Verbascum present no other difference besides the mere 1859 1860 1861 1866

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1866 1869 1872; present in 1859 1860 1861

From observations which I have made on certain varieties of hollyhock, I am inclined to suspect that they present analogous facts.

→ than the other varieties, when 1869 1872

when 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ glutinosa. 1859 1860 1866 1869 1872

glutinosa. Hence the reproductive system of this one variety must have been in some manner and in some degree modified. 1861

other; but only a single head produced any seed, and this one head produced only five grains. Manipulation in this

ease

case

could not have been injurious, as the plants have separated sexes. No one, I believe, has suspected that these varieties of maize are distinct species; and it is important to notice that the hybrid plants thus raised were themselves perfectly fertile; so that even Gärtner did not venture to consider the two varieties as specifically distinct.

Girou de Buzareingues crossed three varieties of gourd, which like the maize has separated sexes, and he asserts that their mutual fertilisation is by so much the less easy as their differences are greater. How far these experiments may be trusted, I know not; but the forms

experimentised

experimented

on,

are ranked by

Sagaret,

Sageret,

who mainly founds his classification by the test of infertility, as →varieties, and Naudin has come to the same conclusion.

The following case is far more remarkable, and seems at first

quite

....

incredible; but it is the result of an astonishing number of experiments made during many years on nine species of Verbascum, by so good an observer and so hostile a

witness,

witness

as Gärtner:

namely,

namely

that

yellow

the yellow

and white varieties →OMIT

intercrossed

when crossed

produce less

seed,

seed

than

do either

does either

the similarly

coloured

variety

varieties

→of the same species. Moreover, he asserts

that

that,

when yellow and white varieties of one species are crossed with yellow and white varieties of a distinct species, more seed is produced by the crosses between the

same

similarly

coloured flowers, than between those which are differently coloured. Mr.

Scott,

Scott

also,

also

has experimented on the species and varieties of Verbascum; and although unable to confirm

Gärtners

Gärtner's

results on the crossing of the distinct species, he finds that the dissimilarly coloured varieties of the same species yield fewer seeds, in the proportion of 86 to 100, than the similarly coloured varieties. Yet these varieties →differ in no respect except in the colour of

the

their

flower;

flowers;

and one variety can sometimes be raised from the seed of

the

....

other.

another.

↑

Kölreuter, whose accuracy has been confirmed by every subsequent observer, has proved the remarkable fact, that one

variety

particular variety

of the common tobacco

was

fertile,

fertile

→than the other varieties, when crossed with a widely distinct

species,

than

are

the

other

varieties.

experimentised

on five

forms,

forms

which are commonly reputed to be varieties, and which he tested by the severest trial, namely, by reciprocal crosses, and he found their mongrel offspring perfectly fertile. But one of these five varieties, when used either as

father

the father

or mother, and crossed with the Nicotiana glutinosa, always yielded hybrids not so sterile as those which were produced from the four other varieties when crossed with N. →glutinosa. Hence the reproductive system