Origin of Species Variorum

→ two of the 1872

the two 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

→ OMIT 1872

Owen has discovered 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

→ have been disentombed that Owen 1872

that he 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

→ OMIT 1869 1872

of these two orders; 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ has shown in the most striking manner that 1872

shows that very 1869

→ serve to break down the intervals between 1872

connect in the plainest manner 1869

↑ 2 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872; present in 1869

Even the wide interval between birds and reptiles has been shown by Professor Huxley to be partially bridged over in the most unexpected manner, by, on the one hand, the ostrich and extinct Archeopteryx, and on the other hand, the Compsognathus, one of the Dinosaurians— that group which includes the most gigantic of all terrestrial reptiles. Turning to the Invertebrata, Barrande asserts, and a higher authority could not be named, that he is every day taught that, although palæozoic animals can certainly be classed under existing groups, yet that at this ancient period the groups were not so distinctly separated from each other as they now are.

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1869 1872; present in 1859 1860 1861 1866

In regard to the Invertebrata, Barrande, and a higher authority could not be named, asserts that he is every day taught that palæozoic animals, though belonging to the same orders, families, or genera with those living at the present day, were not at this early epoch limited in such distinct groups as they now are.

→ any two living 1872

living 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

→ groups of species. 1872

groups. 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

→ or groups, the 1872

the 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

Cuvier ranked the Ruminants and Pachyderms, as →two of the most distinct orders of

mammals;

mammals:

but →OMIT so many fossil

links,

links

→have been disentombed that Owen has had to alter the whole

classification

classification,

→OMIT and has placed certain pachyderms in the same sub-order with

ruminants:

ruminants;

for example, he dissolves by

fine

....

gradations the apparently wide

difference

interval

between the pig and the camel. The Ungulata or hoofed quadrupeds are now divided into the even-toed or odd-toed divisions; but the Macrauchenia of S. America connects to a certain extent these two grand divisions. No one will deny that the Hipparion is intermediate between the existing horse and certain older ungulate forms. What a wonderful connecting link in the chain of mammals is the Typotherium from S. America, as the name given to it by Professor Gervais expresses, and which cannot be placed in any existing order. The Sirenia form a very distinct group of mammals, and one of the most remarkable peculiarities in the existing dugong and lamentin is the entire absence of hind limbs, without even a rudiment being left; but the extinct Halitherium had, according to Professor Flower, an ossified thigh-bone "articulated to a well-defined acetabulum in the pelvis," and it thus makes some approach to ordinary hoofed quadrupeds, to which the Sirenia are in other respects allied. The cetaceans or whales are widely different from all other mammals, but the tertiary Zeuglodon and Squalodon, which have been placed by some naturalists in an order by themselves, are considered by Professor Huxley to be undoubtedly cetaceans, "and to constitute connecting links with the aquatic carnivora." Another distinguished palæontologist, M. Gaudry, →has shown in the most striking manner that many of the fossil mammals discovered by him in Attica →serve to break down the intervals between existing genera. ↑ ↑

Even the wide interval between birds and reptiles has been shown by the naturalist just quoted to be partially bridged over in the most unexpected manner, on the one hand, by the ostrich and extinct Archeopteryx, and on the other hand, by the Compsognathus, one of the Dinosaurians— that group which includes the most gigantic of all terrestrial reptiles. Turning to the Invertebrata, Barrande asserts, and a higher authority could not be named, that he is every day taught that, although palæozoic animals can certainly be classed under existing groups, yet that at this ancient period the groups were not so distinctly separated from each other as they now are.

Some writers have objected to any extinct

species

species,

or group of

species

species,

being considered as intermediate between →any two living

species

species,

or →groups of species. If by this term it is meant that an extinct form is directly intermediate in all its characters between two living

forms,

forms

→or groups, the objection is

~~probably~~

probably

valid.