Origin of Species Variorum

→ stand on a moderately shallow 1869 1872

are situated on moderately deep 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ the same or by closely allied 1872

closely allied or identical 1859 1860 1861 1866

the same or by very closely allied 1869

↑ 1 blocks not present in 1866 1869 1872; present in 1859 1860 1861

No doubt some few anomalies occur in this great archipelago, and there is much difficulty in forming a judgment in some cases owing to the probable naturalisation of certain mammals through man's agency; but we shall soon have much light thrown on the natural history of this archipelago by the admirable zeal and researches of Mr. Wallace.

→ For instance, Britain is 1869 1872

We see Britain 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ and so it is with all the islands near the shores of 1869 1872

we meet with analogous facts on many islands separated by similar channels from 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ on the other hand, stand on 1869 1872

stand on 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ which animals of all kinds undergo, partly depends 1869 1872

in all cases depends to a certain degree 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ the islands which are separated from each other or from the mainland 1872

during changes of level it is obvious that islands separated 1859 1860 1861 1866

islands separated 1869

→ by 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872

from each other or from the mainland by 1869

→ than the 1872

to the mainland than 1859 1860 1861 1866

than 1869

→ how it is that a relation exists 1869 1872

the frequent relation 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ separating two mammalian faunas, and 1869 1872

and 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ their affinity,— a relation which is quite inexplicable 1869 1872

affinity of the mammalian inhabitants of islands with those of a neighbouring continent,— an inexplicable relation 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ The foregoing statements in regard to 1869 1872

All the foregoing remarks on 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ species, with a large proportion consisting of endemic forms— the members of certain groups, but not those of other groups in the same class, having been modified— 1872

richness in endemic forms in particular classes or sections of classes,— 1859 1860 1861 1866

species, with a large proportion consisting of endemic forms— the members of certain groups, and not of other groups in the same class, having been modified— 1869

→ certain whole orders, 1869 1872

whole groups, 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ belief in the efficiency 1869 1872

→ carried on during a 1869 1872

having been largely efficient in the 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ belief in the former connection 1869 1872

→ OMIT 1869 1872

having been formerly connected by continuous land 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ it is probable that the various classes 1869 1872

the migration would probably have been more complete; and if modification be admitted, all the forms of life 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ uniformly, and from the species having entered in a body their mutual relations would not have been much disturbed, and consequently they would either have not been modified, or all the species in a more equable manner. 1872

equally modified, in accordance with the paramount importance of the relation of organism to organism. 1859 1860 1861

equally modified, all the forms of life would have been more equally modified, in accordance with the paramount importance of the relation of organism to organism. 1866

uniformly, and from the species having entered in a body their mutual relations would not have been much disturbed, and consequently they would have been modified either not at all or in a more equal manner. 1869

→ subsequently modified, 1869 1872

modified since their arrival, could 1859 1860 1861 1866

ocean;

ocean,

and this

space

....

separates two widely distinct mammalian faunas. On either side the islands →stand on a moderately shallow submarine

banks,

bank,

and

they

these

these islands

are inhabited by →the same or by closely allied quadrupeds. ↑ I have not as yet had time to follow up this subject in all

other

....

quarters of the world; but as far as I have gone, the relation

generally

....

holds good. →For instance, Britain is separated by a shallow channel from Europe, and the mammals are the same on both sides; →and so it is with all the islands near the shores of Australia. The West Indian

Islands

Islands,

→on the other hand, stand on a deeply submerged bank, nearly 1000 fathoms in depth, and here we find American forms, but the species and even the genera are

distinct.

quite distinct.

As the amount of modification →which animals of all kinds undergo, partly depends on the lapse of time, and as →the islands which are separated from each other or from the mainland →by shallow

channels

channels,

are more likely to have been continuously united within a recent period →than the islands separated by deeper channels, we can understand →how it is that a relation exists between the depth of the sea →separating two mammalian faunas, and the degree of →their affinity,— a relation which is quite inexplicable on the

view

theory

of independent acts of creation.

→The foregoing statements in regard to the inhabitants of oceanic islands,— namely, the

scarcity

fewness

kinds—

kinds,—

....

the →species, with a large proportion consisting of endemic forms— the members of certain groups, but not those of other groups in the same class, having been modified— the absence of →certain whole orders, as of

batrachians,

batrachians

and of terrestrial

mammals

mammals,

notwithstanding the presence of

aërial

aerial

bats,— the singular proportions of certain orders of plants,— herbaceous forms having been developed into trees, &c.,— seem to me to accord better with the →belief in the efficiency of occasional means of

transport

transport,

→carried on during a long course of

time

time,

than with the →belief in the former connection of all

our

....

oceanic islands →OMIT with the nearest continent; for on this latter view →it is probable that the various classes would have

been

immigrated

more →uniformly, and from the species having entered in a body their mutual relations would not have been much disturbed, and consequently they would either have not been modified, or all the species in a more equable manner.

I do not deny that there are many and

grave

serious

difficulties in understanding how

several

many

of the inhabitants of the more remote islands, whether still retaining the same specific form or →subsequently modified, have reached their present homes. But the probability of

many

~~other~~

other

islands having

existed

once existed

as halting-places, of which not a wreck now remains, must not be

over- looked.

over-looked.

overlooked.

I will