| → in favour of community of descent become fewer in number and less 1872 |
| fall away 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
|
| →
groups. Fossil remains sometimes tend to fill up very wide intervals between existing orders.
1872 |
| groups. 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
|
| ↑ 1 blocks not present in 1872; present in 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
| Fossil remains sometimes tend to fill up very wide intervals between existing orders.
|
|
| → a very early 1869 1872 |
| an embryonic 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
|
| → great class or kingdom. 1872 |
| class. 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
|
|
As a record of a former state of things, I have retained in the foregoing paragraphs, and elsewhere, several sentences which imply that naturalists believe in the separate creation of each species; and I have been much censured for having thus expressed myself. But undoubtedly this was the general belief when the first edition of the present work appeared. I formerly spoke to very many naturalists on the subject of evolution, and never once met with any sympathetic agreement. It is probable that some did then believe in evolution, but they were either silent, or expressed themselves so ambiguously that it was not easy to understand their meaning. Now things are wholly changed, and almost every naturalist admits the great principle of evolution. There are, however, some who still think that species have suddenly given birth, through quite unexplained means, to new and totally different forms: but, as I have attempted to show, weighty evidence can be opposed to the admission of great and abrupt modifications. Under a scientific point of view, and as leading to further investigation, but little advantage is gained by believing that new forms are suddenly developed in an inexplicable manner from old and widely different forms, over the old belief in the creation of species from the dust of the earth. |
|
| It may be asked how far I extend the doctrine of the modification of species. The question is difficult to answer, because the more distinct the forms are which we
consider, by so much the arguments
→in favour of community of descent become fewer in number and less
in force. But some arguments of the greatest weight extend very far. All the members of whole classes
connected together by
of affinities, and all can be
on the same principle, in groups
to
→
groups. Fossil remains sometimes tend to fill up very wide intervals between existing orders.
↑
Organs in a rudimentary condition plainly show that an early progenitor had the organ in a fully developed
and this in some
implies an enormous amount of modification in the descendants. Throughout whole classes various structures are formed on the same pattern, and at
→a very early
age the
closely resemble each other. Therefore I cannot doubt that the theory of descent with modification embraces all the members of the same
→great class or kingdom. I believe that animals
descended from at most only four or five progenitors, and plants from an equal or lesser number. |
|
| Analogy would lead me one step
namely, to the belief that all animals and plants
descended from some one prototype. But analogy may be a deceitful guide. Nevertheless all living
|
