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a 14 1860
a 14 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

, 1860
q 14 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

q 14 , 1860
p 14 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

p 14 , will 1860
will 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

a 10 1860
a 10 ; 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

; b 14 1860
b 14 1859
b 14 , 1861 1866 1869 1872

f 14 1860
f 14 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

a 5 , 1860
a 5 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

o 14 1860
o 14 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

, e 14 , 1860
e 14 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

m 14 1860
m 14 , 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872

descendants. 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872
descendants. Hence the six new species descended from (I), and the eight descended from (A), will have to be ranked as very distinct genera, or even as distinct sub-families. 1869

The new species in our diagram descended from the original eleven species, will now be fifteen in number. Owing to the divergent tendency of natural selection, the extreme amount of difference in character between species a 14 and z 14 will be much greater than that between the most
distinct
different
of the original eleven species. The new species, moreover, will be allied to each other in a widely different
mauner.
manner.
Of the eight descendants from (A) the three marked a 14 , q 14 , p 14 , will be nearly related from having recently branched off from a 10 ; b 14 and f 14
from
, from
having diverged at an earlier period from a 5 , will be in some degree distinct from the three first-named species; and lastly, o 14 , e 14 , and m 14
will
, will
be nearly related one to the other,
but,
but
from having diverged at the first commencement of the process of modification, will be widely different from the other five species, and may constitute a sub-genus or
even
even
a distinct genus.
The six descendants from (I) will form two
sub-genera
subgenera
or
even
even
genera. But as the original species (I) differed largely from (A), standing nearly at the extreme
end
points
of the original genus, the six descendants from (I) will, owing to
inheritance,
inheritance
differ
alone, differ
considerably from the eight descendants from (A); the two groups, moreover, are supposed to have gone on diverging in different directions. The intermediate species, also (and this is a very important consideration), which connected the original species (A) and (I), have all become, excepting (F), extinct, and have left no descendants. Hence the six new species descended from (I), and the eight descended from (A), will have to be ranked as very distinct genera, or even as distinct sub-families.
Thus it is, as I believe, that two or more genera are produced by
descent,
descent
with modification, from two or more species of the same genus. And the two or