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1859
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1859
1861
1866
1869
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were 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872
will have been 1866

enabled to beat the less powerful 1859 1860 1861 1866
the more powerful and were able to hold their places on the mountains, and afterwards to migrate southward with the 1869 1872

forms. 1859 1860 1861 1866
forms; but not so the southern in regard to the northern forms. 1869 1872

as we see 1859 1860 1861 1866
we see 1869
OMIT 1872

that 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869
we see that 1872

and in 1859 1860 1861 1866
New Zealand, and to 1869 1872

to a certain extent 1859 1860 1861 1866
OMIT 1869 1872

Europe, 1859 1860 1861
the northern hemisphere, 1866 1869 1872

1 blocks not present in 1859 1860 1861; present in 1866 1869 1872
The Neilgherrie mountains in India, however, offer a partial exception; for here, as I hear from Dr. Hooker, Australian forms are rapidly sowing themselves and becoming naturalised.

Something of the same kind must have occurred on 1859 1860 1861
Before the Glacial period, no doubt 1866
Before the last great Glacial period, no doubt 1869 1872

no doubt before the Glacial period they 1859 1860 1861
OMIT 1866 1869 1872

the naturalised; 1859 1860 1861
those which have become naturalised there; 1866
those which have become naturalised; 1869 1872

if the natives have not been actually exterminated, their numbers have been greatly reduced, and 1859 1860 1861 1866
OMIT 1869 1872

the intertropical mountains before the Glacial period must have been completely isolated; and I believe that the productions of these islands on the land 1859 1860 1861
the intertropical mountains before the Glacial period must have been completely isolated; and I believe that the inhabitants of these islands on the land 1866
their inhabitants have 1869 1872

lately yielded to continental forms, 1859 1860 1861
yielded to continental forms lately 1866
yielded and are still yielding to continental forms 1869 1872

difficulties are removed on the view here given 1859 1860 1861
difficulties 1866 1869
the difficulties 1872

allied 1859 1860 1861 1866
identical and allied 1869 1872

live 1859 1860 1861 1866
now live so widely separated 1869 1872

southern temperate zones and 1859 1860 1861
southern tem- perate zones and 1866
south, and sometimes 1869 1872

mountains of the intertropical regions. 1859 1860 1861
mountains of the intertropical regions, are removed on the views above given. 1866
intermediate mountain-ranges, are removed on the views above given. 1869 1872

I do not pretend to indicate the exact lines and means of migration, or the reason 1859 1860 1861
We cannot say 1869

were enabled to beat the less powerful southern forms.
In
Just in
the same manner as we see at the present day, that very many European productions cover the ground in La Plata, and in a lesser degree in Australia, and have to a certain extent beaten the natives; whereas extremely few southern forms have become naturalised in any part of Europe, though hides, wool, and other objects likely to carry seeds have been largely imported into Europe during the last two or three centuries from La Plata, and during the last
forty
thirty
or
fifty
forty
years from Australia. Something of the same kind must have occurred on the intertropical
mountains
mountains:
no doubt before the Glacial period they were stocked with endemic Alpine forms; but these have almost
every-where
everywhere
largely
largely
yielded to the more dominant forms, generated in the larger areas and more efficient workshops of the north. In many islands the native productions are nearly
equalled,
equalled
or even
out-numbered,
outnumbered,
outnumbered
by the naturalised; and if the natives have not been actually exterminated, their numbers have been greatly reduced, and this is the first stage towards
their extinction.
extinction.
A
A
Mountains
mountain
are
is an
islands
island
on the
land,
land;
and the intertropical mountains before the Glacial period must have been completely isolated; and I believe that the productions of these islands on the land
have yielded
yielded
to those produced within the larger areas of the north, just in the same way as the
inhabitants
productions
of real islands have everywhere lately yielded to continental forms, naturalised
there through
through
by
man's
mans
agency.
I am
very far
far
from supposing that all difficulties are removed on the view here given in regard to the
distribution
range
and affinities of the allied
species,
species
which live in the
north
northern
and southern temperate zones and on the mountains of the intertropical regions. Very many difficulties remain to be solved. I do not pretend to indicate the exact lines and means of migration, or the reason