Comparison with 1872 |
|
are produced by descent,
with modification, from two or more species of the same genus. And the two or more parent-species are supposed to
be be 1872 | have 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
descended from some one species of an earlier genus. In our diagram, this is indicated by the broken lines, beneath the capital letters, converging in sub-branches downwards towards a single point; this point
represents represents 1872 | representing 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
a
....... 1872 | single 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
species, the supposed
progenitor progenitor 1869 1872 | single parent 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
of our several
....... 1872 | new 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
sub-genera and genera. |
|
It is worth while to reflect for a moment on the character of the new species
F
14
, which
is supposed not to have diverged much in character, but to have retained the form of (F), either unaltered or altered only in a slight degree. In this case, its affinities to the other fourteen new species will be of a curious and circuitous nature.
Being Being 1872 | Having 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
descended from a form which stood between the
....... 1872 | two 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
parent-species parent-species 1859 1860 1872 | parent species 1861 1866 1869 |
(A) and (I), now supposed to be extinct and unknown, it will be in some degree intermediate in character between the two groups descended from these
two species. two species. 1872 | species. 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
But as these two groups have gone on diverging in character from the type of their parents, the new species
(F
14
)
(F
14
)
1866 1869 1872 |
(F
14
)
1859 |
(F
14
1860 |
(
F
14
)
1861 |
will
not be directly intermediate between them, but rather between types of the two groups; and every naturalist will be able to
call call 1872 | bring some 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
such
cases cases 1872 | case 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
before his mind. |
|
In the diagram, each horizontal line has hitherto been supposed to represent a thousand generations, but each may represent a million or
more generations; it may also represent more generations; it may also represent 1872 |
hundred million generations, and likewise 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
several million generations; it may also represent 1869 |
a section of the successive strata of the earth's
crust including extinct remains. We shall, when we come to our chapter on Geology, have to refer again to this subject, and I think we shall then see that the diagram throws light on the affinities of extinct beings, which, though generally belonging to the same orders,
....... 1872 | or 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
families, or genera, with those now living, yet are
|
are produced by
descent descent 1860 1861 1866 1869 1872 | descent, 1859 |
with modification, from two or more species of the same genus. And the two or more parent-species are supposed to
have have 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | be 1872 |
descended from some one species of an earlier genus. In our diagram, this is indicated by the broken lines, beneath the capital letters, converging in sub-branches downwards towards a single point; this point
representing representing 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | represents 1872 |
a
single single 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | single 1872 |
species, the supposed
single parent single parent 1859 1860 1861 1866 | progenitor 1869 1872 |
of our several
new new 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | new 1872 |
sub-genera and genera. |
|
It is worth while to reflect for a moment on the character of the new species
F
14
,
F
14
,
1861 1866 1869 1872 |
F
14
,
1859 |
F
14
1860 |
which which 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872 | , which 1860 |
is supposed not to have diverged much in character, but to have retained the form of (F), either unaltered or altered only in a slight degree. In this case, its affinities to the other fourteen new species will be of a curious and circuitous nature.
Having Having 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | Being 1872 |
descended from a form which stood between the
two two 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | two 1872 |
parent species parent species 1861 1866 1869 | parent-species 1859 1860 1872 |
(A) and (I), now supposed to be extinct and unknown, it will be in some degree intermediate in character between the two groups descended from these
species. species. 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | two species. 1872 |
But as these two groups have gone on diverging in character from the type of their parents, the new species
(
F
14
)
(
F
14
)
1861 |
(F
14
)
1859 |
(F
14
1860 |
(F
14
)
1866 1869 1872 |
will will 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872 | ) will 1860 |
not be directly intermediate between them, but rather between types of the two groups; and every naturalist will be able to
bring some bring some 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | call 1872 |
such
case case 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | cases 1872 |
before his mind. |
|
In the diagram, each horizontal line has hitherto been supposed to represent a thousand generations, but each may represent a million or
hundred million generations, and likewise hundred million generations, and likewise 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
several million generations; it may also represent 1869 |
more generations; it may also represent 1872 |
a section of the successive strata of the
earth's earth's 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872 | earths 1869 |
crust including extinct remains. We shall, when we come to our chapter on Geology, have to refer again to this subject, and I think we shall then see that the diagram throws light on the affinities of extinct beings, which, though generally belonging to the same orders,
or or 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | or 1872 |
families, or genera, with those now living, yet are
|