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different colours; how can it account for one species of plant having pointed and another species blunt leaves? I can give no definite answer to such questions; but I might ask in return, were these differences, on the doctrine of independent creation, formed for no purpose? If of use, or if due to correlation of growth, they could assuredly be formed through the natural preservation of such useful or correlated variations. I believe in the doctrine of descent with modification, notwithstanding that this or that particular change of structure cannot be accounted for, because this doctrine groups together and explains, as we shall see in the later chapters, many general phenomena of nature.
A distinguished botanist, Mr. H. C. Watson, believes that I have overrated the importance of the principle of divergence of character (in which, however, he apparently believes), and that convergence of character, as it may be called, has likewise played a part. This is an intricate subject which need not be here discussed. I will only remark that if two species of two closely allied genera produced a number of new and divergent species, I can believe that these new forms might sometimes approach each other so closely that they would for convenience' sake be classed in the same new genus, and thus two genera would converge into one; but from the strength of the principle of inheritance, it seems hardly credible that the two groups of new species would not at least form two sections of the supposed new single genus.
Mr. Watson has also objected that the continued action of natural selection with divergence of character will tend to make an indefinite number of specific forms. As far as mere inorganic conditions are concerned, it seems probable that a sufficient number of species would soon become adapted to all considerable diversities of heat, moisture, &c.; but I fully admit that the mutual
different colours; how will it account for one species of plant having pointed and another species obtuse leaves? I can give no definite answer to such questions; but I might ask in return, were these differences, on the doctrine of independent creation, formed for no purpose? If of use, or if due to correlation of growth, they could assuredly be formed through the natural preservation of such useful or correlated variations. I believe in the doctrine of descent with modification, notwithstanding that this or that particular change of structure cannot be accounted for, because this doctrine groups together and explains, as we shall see in the latter chapters, many general phenomena of nature.
A distinguished botanist, Mr. H. C. Watson, believes that I have overrated the importance of the principle of divergence of character (in which, however, he apparently believes), and that convergence of character, as it may be called, has likewise played a part. This is an intricate subject which need not be here discussed. I will only say that if two species of two closely allied genera produced a number of new and divergent species, I can believe that these new forms might sometimes approach each other so closely that they would for convenience sake be classed in the same new genus, and thus two genera would converge into one; but from the strength of the principle of inheritance, it seems hardly credible that the two groups of new species would not at least form two sections of the supposed new single genus.
Mr. Watson has also objected that the continued action of natural selection with divergence of character will tend to make an indefinite number of specific forms. As far as mere inorganic conditions are concerned, it seems probable that a sufficient number of species would soon become adapted to all considerable diversities of heat, moisture, &c.; but I fully admit that the mutual