Origin of Species Variorum

Comparison with 1866

though very different, plan occurs in many cases, in which a symmetrical flower secretes a few drops of nectar, and is consequently visited by insects; and these carry the pollen from the anthers to the stigma.

From this simple stage we may pass through an in-exhaustible number of contrivances, all for the same purpose and effected in essentially the same manner, but entailing changes in every part of the flower; with the nectar stored in variously shaped receptacles, with the stamens and pistils modified in many ways, sometimes forming trap-like contrivances, and sometimes capable of neatly adapted movements through irritability or elasticity. From such structures we may advance till we come to such an acme of perfect adaptation, as has lately been described by Dr. Crüger in the case of Coryanthes. This orchid has its labellum or lower lip hollowed out into a great bucket, into which drops of almost pure water, not nectar, continually fall from two secreting horns which stand above it; and when the bucket is half full, the water overflows by a spout on one side. The basal part of the labellum curves over the bucket, and is itself hollowed out into a sort of chamber with two lateral entrances, within which and outside there are some curious fleshy ridges.

The most ingenious man, if he had not witnessed what takes place, could never have imagined what purpose all these parts served. But Dr. Crüger saw crowds of large humble-bees visiting the gigantic flowers of this orchid in the early morning, and they came, not to suck nectar, but to gnaw off the ridges above the bucket; in doing this they frequently pushed each other into the bucket, and thus their wings were wetted, so that they could not fly out, but had to crawl out through the passage formed by the spout or overflow. Dr. Crüger has seen a "continual procession" of bees thus

though very different, plan occurs in many plants in which a symmetrical flower secretes a few drops of nectar, and is consequently visited by insects; and these carry the pollen from the anthers to the stigma.

From this simple stage we may pass through an inexhaustible number of contrivances, all for the same purpose and effected in essentially the same manner, but entailing changes in every part of the flower. The nectar may be stored in variously shaped receptacles, with the stamens and pistils modified in many ways, sometimes forming trap-like contrivances, and sometimes capable of neatly adapted movements through irritability or elasticity. From such structures we may advance till we come to such a case of extraordinary adaptation as that lately .. described by Dr. Crüger in the .. Coryanthes. This orchid has part of its labellum or lower lip hollowed out into a great bucket, into which drops of almost pure water .. continually fall from two secreting horns which stand above it; and when the bucket is half full, the water overflows by a spout on one side. The basal part of the labellum stands over the bucket, and is itself hollowed out into a sort of chamber with two lateral entrances; within this chamber there are .. curious fleshy ridges.

The most ingenious man, if he had not witnessed what takes place, could never have imagined what purpose all these parts serve. But Dr. Crüger saw crowds of large humble-bees visiting the gigantic flowers of this orchid, not in order to suck nectar, but to gnaw off the ridges within the chamber above the bucket; in doing this they frequently pushed each other into the bucket, and .. their wings being thus wetted they could not fly away, but had to crawl out through the passage formed by the spout or overflow. Dr. Crüger saw a "continual procession" of bees thus