Comparison with 1866 |
|
for ages in an unaltered condition. The remains which do become embedded, if in sand or gravel,
will will 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | will, 1872 |
when the beds are
upraised upraised 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | upraised, 1872 |
generally be dissolved by the percolation of rain-water. I suspect that but few
of the very
many animals
which live on the beach between high and low watermark
are
preserved. For instance, the several species of the Chthamalinæ (a sub-family
of sessile cirripedes) coat the rocks all over the world in infinite numbers: they are all strictly littoral, with the exception of a single Mediterranean species, which inhabits deep water
and
has has 1859 1860 1861 1866 | this has 1869 1872 |
been found fossil in Sicily, whereas not one other species has hitherto been found in any tertiary
formation: formation: 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | formation; 1872 |
yet it is
now now 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | now 1872 |
known that the genus Chthamalus existed during the chalk
period. ↑1 blocks not present in 1866 1869 1872; present in 1859 1860 1861 | The molluscan genus Chiton offers a partially analogous case.
|
|
|
With respect to the terrestrial productions which lived during the Secondary and Palæozoic periods, it is superfluous to state that our evidence
from fossil remains from fossil remains 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
OMIT 1872 |
is fragmentary in an extreme degree. For instance,
not not 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
until recently not 1872 |
a land shell
is is 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
until quite recently was 1869 |
was 1872 |
known belonging to either of these vast periods, with one
exception discovered
by Sir C. Lyell in
the carboniferous strata of North
America, of which shell above a hundred specimens have now been collected. America, of which shell above a hundred specimens have now been collected. 1861 1866 1869 |
America. 1859 |
America, of which shell several specimens have now been collected. 1860 |
America; but now land-shells have been found in the lias. 1872 |
In regard to mammiferous remains, a
single single 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | single 1872 |
glance at the historical table published in the Supplement to
Lyell's
Manual,
will bring home the truth, how accidental and rare is their preservation, far better than pages of detail. Nor is their rarity surprising, when we remember how large a proportion of the bones of tertiary mammals have been discovered either in caves or in lacustrine deposits; and that not a cave or true lacustrine bed is
know know 1866 | known 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872 |
belonging to the age of our secondary or palæozoic formations. |
|
But the imperfection in the geological record mainly
results from another and more important cause than any of the foregoing; namely, from the several
forma- tions forma- tions 1866 | formations 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872 |
being separated from each other by wide intervals of time. This doctrine has been
most most 1861 1866 1869 | most 1872 |
emphatically admitted by many geologists and palæontologists, who, like E. Forbes , entirely disbelieve in the change of species. When we see the formations tabulated in written works, or when we follow them in nature, it is difficult to avoid believing that they are closely
|
for ages in an unaltered condition. The remains which do become embedded, if in sand or gravel,
will, will, 1872 | will 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
when the beds are
upraised, upraised, 1872 | upraised 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
generally be dissolved by the percolation of
rain-water charged with carbonic acid. rain-water charged with carbonic acid. 1861 1866 1869 1872 |
rain-water. 1859 1860 |
Some Some 1861 1866 1869 1872 |
I suspect that but few 1859 1860 |
of the
....... 1861 1866 1869 1872 | very 1859 1860 |
many
kinds of animals kinds of animals 1861 1866 1869 1872 |
animals 1859 1860 |
which live on the beach between high and low
water mark water mark 1861 1866 1869 1872 | watermark 1859 1860 |
seem to be rarely seem to be rarely 1861 1866 1869 1872 |
are 1859 1860 |
preserved. For instance, the several species of the Chthamalinæ (a
sub-family sub-family 1859 1861 1866 1869 1872 | subfamily 1860 |
of sessile cirripedes) coat the rocks all over the world in infinite numbers: they are all strictly littoral, with the exception of a single Mediterranean species, which inhabits deep
water, water, 1861 1866 1869 1872 | water 1859 1860 |
and
this has this has 1869 1872 | has 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
been found fossil in Sicily, whereas not one other species has hitherto been found in any tertiary
formation; formation; 1872 | formation: 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
yet it is
....... 1872 | now 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
known that the genus Chthamalus existed during the
Chalk Chalk 1866 1869 1872 | chalk 1859 1860 1861 |
period. ↑1 blocks not present in 1866 1869 1872; present in 1859 1860 1861 | The molluscan genus Chiton offers a partially analogous case.
|
Lastly, many great deposits requiring a vast length of time for their accumulation, are entirely destitute of organic remains, without our being able to assign any reason: one of the most striking instances is that of the Flysch formation, which consists of shale and sandstone, several thousand, occasionally even six thousand feet, in thickness, and extending for at least 300 miles from Vienna to Switzerland; and although this great mass has been most carefully searched, no fossils, except a few vegetable remains, have been found. |
|
With respect to the terrestrial productions which lived during the Secondary and Palæozoic periods, it is superfluous to state that our evidence
...OMIT 1872 |
from fossil remains 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
is fragmentary in an extreme degree. For instance,
until recently not until recently not 1872 |
not 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
a land shell
was was 1872 |
is 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
until quite recently was 1869 |
known belonging to either of these vast periods, with
the the 1860 1861 1866 1869 1872 | one 1859 |
exception
of one species discovered of one species discovered 1860 1861 1866 1869 1872 |
discovered 1859 |
by Sir C. Lyell
and Dr. Dawson in and Dr. Dawson in 1860 1861 1866 1869 1872 |
in 1859 |
the carboniferous strata of North
America; but now land-shells have been found in the lias. America; but now land-shells have been found in the lias. 1872 |
America. 1859 |
America, of which shell several specimens have now been collected. 1860 |
America, of which shell above a hundred specimens have now been collected. 1861 1866 1869 |
In regard to mammiferous remains, a
....... 1872 | single 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
glance at the historical table published in
...OMIT 1866 1869 1872 |
the Supplement to 1859 1860 1861 |
Lyell's Lyell's 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872 | Lyells 1869 |
Manual Manual 1866 1869 1872 | Manual, 1859 1860 1861 |
will bring home the truth, how accidental and rare is their preservation, far better than pages of detail. Nor is their rarity surprising, when we remember how large a proportion of the bones of tertiary mammals have been discovered either in caves or in lacustrine deposits; and that not a cave or true lacustrine bed is
known known 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872 | know 1866 |
belonging to the age of our secondary or palæozoic formations. |
|
But the imperfection in the geological record
largely largely 1861 1866 1869 1872 | mainly 1859 1860 |
results from another and more important cause than any of the foregoing; namely, from the several
formations formations 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872 | forma- tions 1866 |
being separated from each other by wide intervals of time. This doctrine has been
....... 1872 | most 1861 1866 1869 |
emphatically admitted by many geologists and palæontologists, who, like E. Forbes , entirely disbelieve in the change of species. When we see the formations tabulated in written works, or when we follow them in nature, it is difficult to avoid believing that they are closely
|