The
similar framework similar framework 1869 1872 | framework 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
of bones
in in 1869 1872 | being 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
the the 1869 1872 |
the same in the 1859 1860 |
similar in the 1861 1866 |
hand of a man, wing of a bat, fin of
a a 1872 | the 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
porpoise, and leg of the horse,— the same number of vertebræ forming the neck of the giraffe and of the elephant,— and innumerable other such facts, at once explain themselves on the theory of descent with slow and slight successive modifications. The similarity of pattern in the wing and
in the leg in the leg 1869 1872 |
leg 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
of a bat, though used for such different purpose,— in the jaws and legs of a crab,— in the petals, stamens, and pistils of a
flower flower 1872 | flower, 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
is
likewise, likewise, 1872 | likewise 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
to a large extent, intelligible to a large extent, intelligible 1872 |
intelligible 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
on the view of the gradual modification of parts or organs, which were
aboriginally alike in an aboriginally alike in an 1869 1872 |
alike in the 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
early progenitor
in in 1869 1872 | of 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
each
of these classes. of these classes. 1869 1872 |
class. 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
On the principle of successive variations not always supervening at an early age, and being inherited at a corresponding not early period of life, we
....... 1866 1869 1872 | can 1859 1860 1861 |
clearly see why the embryos of mammals, birds, reptiles, and fishes
should be should be 1859 1860 1861 1872 | are 1866 1869 |
so closely
similar, similar, 1866 1869 1872 | alike, 1859 1860 1861 |
and
....... 1869 1872 | should be 1859 1860 1861 | are 1866 |
so unlike
the the 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872 | their 1866 |
adult forms. We may cease marvelling at the embryo of an air-breathing
mammal mammal 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872 | mammals 1869 |
or bird having branchial slits and arteries running in loops, like those
of of 1869 1872 | in 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
a fish which has to breathe
the the 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872 | the 1869 |
air dissolved in
water water 1861 1866 1869 1872 | water, 1859 1860 |
by the aid of well-developed branchiæ. |
Disuse, aided sometimes by natural selection,
will will 1859 1860 1861 1866 1872 | has 1869 |
often
have reduced have reduced 1872 |
tend to reduce an 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
reduced 1869 |
organs organs 1869 1872 | organ, 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
when
rendered useless under rendered useless under 1872 |
it has become useless by 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
they have become useless under 1869 |
changed habits or
....... 1869 1872 | under changed 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
conditions of life; and we can
....... 1872 | clearly 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
understand on this view the meaning of rudimentary organs. But disuse and selection will generally act on each creature, when it has come to maturity and has to play its full part in the struggle for existence, and will thus have little power
....... 1869 1872 | of acting 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
on an organ during early life; hence the organ will not be
....... 1869 1872 | much 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
reduced or rendered rudimentary at this early age. The calf, for instance, has inherited teeth, which never cut through the gums of the upper jaw, from an early progenitor having well-developed teeth; and we may believe, that the teeth in the mature animal were
formerly reduced formerly reduced 1872 |
reduced, during successive generations, 1859 1860 1866 1869 |
reduced, during successive genera- tions, 1861 |
by
disuse, disuse, 1866 1869 1872 | disuse 1859 1860 1861 |
owing to owing to 1872 | or by 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
the tongue and
palate, palate, 1861 1866 1869 1872 | palate 1859 1860 |
or lips, having become excellently fitted through or lips, having become excellently fitted through 1872 |
having been fitted by 1859 |
having been better fitted by 1860 |
or lips, having become better fitted by 1861 1866 1869 |
natural selection to browse without their aid; whereas in the calf, the teeth have been left
unaffected, unaffected, 1872 |
untouched by selection or disuse, 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
and on the principle of inheritance at corresponding ages have been inherited from a remote period to the present day. On the view of each
organism organism 1872 | organic 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
with all its separate parts with all its separate parts 1872 |
being and each separate organ 1859 1860 1861 |
being and each of its separate parts 1866 |
being with all its separate parts 1869 |
having been specially created, how utterly
inexplicable inexplicable 1859 1860 1866 1869 1872 | in-explicable 1861 |
is it is it 1872 | it is 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 |
that
organs bearing the plain stamp of inutility, such as organs bearing the plain stamp of inutility, such as 1869 1872 |
parts, like 1859 1860 1861 |
organs, like 1866 |
the teeth in the embryonic calf or
....... 1866 1869 1872 | like 1859 1860 1861 |
the shrivelled wings under the soldered wing-covers of
many many 1869 1872 | some 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
beetles, should
....... 1869 1872 | thus 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
so frequently
occur. occur. 1869 1872 |
bear the plain stamp of inutility! Nature may be said to have taken pains to reveal, by rudimentary organs and by homologous structures, her scheme of modification, which it seems that we wilfully will not understand. 1859 |
bear the plain stamp of inutility! 1860 1861 1866 |
Nature may be said to have taken pains to
reveal reveal 1869 1872 | reveal, 1860 1861 1866 |
...OMIT 1869 1872 |
by rudimentary organs and by homologous structures, 1860 1861 1866 |
her scheme of modification,
|