Origin of Species Variorum

→ the 1869 1872

the same in the 1859 1860

similar in the 1861 1866

→ in the leg 1869 1872

leg 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ to a large extent, intelligible 1872

intelligible 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

→ aboriginally alike in an 1869 1872

alike in the 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ of these classes. 1869 1872

class. 1859 1860 1861 1866

→ have reduced 1872

tend to reduce an 1859 1860 1861 1866

reduced 1869

→ rendered useless under 1872

it has become useless by 1859 1860 1861 1866

they have become useless under 1869

→ formerly reduced 1872

reduced, during successive generations, 1859 1860 1866 1869

reduced, during successive genera- tions, 1861

→ or lips, having become excellently fitted through 1872

having been fitted by 1859

having been better fitted by 1860

or lips, having become better fitted by 1861 1866 1869

→ unaffected, 1872

untouched by selection or disuse, 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869

→ with all its separate parts 1872

being and each separate organ 1859 1860 1861

being and each of its separate parts 1866

being with all its separate parts 1869

→ organs bearing the plain stamp of inutility, such as 1869 1872

parts, like 1859 1860 1861

organs, like 1866

→ occur. 1869 1872

bear the plain stamp of inutility! Nature may be said to have taken pains to reveal, by rudimentary organs and by homologous structures, her scheme of modification, which it seems that we wilfully will not understand. 1859

bear the plain stamp of inutility! 1860 1861 1866

→ OMIT 1869 1872

by rudimentary organs and by homologous structures, 1860 1861 1866

The

framework

similar framework

of bones

being

→the hand of a man, wing of a bat, fin of

the

porpoise, and leg of the horse,— the same number of vertebræ forming the neck of the giraffe and of the elephant,— and innumerable other such facts, at once explain themselves on the theory of descent with slow and slight successive modifications. The similarity of pattern in the wing and →in the leg of a bat, though used for such different purpose,— in the jaws and legs of a crab,— in the petals, stamens, and pistils of a

flower,

flower

likewise

likewise,

→to a large extent, intelligible on the view of the gradual modification of parts or organs, which were →aboriginally alike in an early progenitor

each →of these classes. On the principle of successive variations not always supervening at an early age, and being inherited at a corresponding not early period of life, we

can

....

clearly see why the embryos of mammals, birds, reptiles, and fishes

are

should be

so closely

alike,

similar,

and

should be

are

....

so unlike

their

the

adult forms. We may cease marvelling at the embryo of an air-breathing

mammals

mammal

or bird having branchial slits and arteries running in loops, like those

a fish which has to breathe

~~the~~

the

air dissolved in

water,

water

by the aid of well-developed branchiæ.

Disuse, aided sometimes by natural selection,

has

will

often →have reduced

organ,

organs

when →rendered useless under changed habits or

under changed

....

conditions of life; and we can

clearly

....

understand on this view the meaning of rudimentary organs. But disuse and selection will generally act on each creature, when it has come to maturity and has to play its full part in the struggle for existence, and will thus have little power

of acting

....

on an organ during early life; hence the organ will not be

much

....

reduced or rendered rudimentary at this early age. The calf, for instance, has inherited teeth, which never cut through the gums of the upper jaw, from an early progenitor having well-developed teeth; and we may believe, that the teeth in the mature animal were →formerly reduced by

disuse

disuse,

or by

owing to

the tongue and

palate

palate,

→or lips, having become excellently fitted through natural selection to browse without their aid; whereas in the calf, the teeth have been left →unaffected, and on the principle of inheritance at corresponding ages have been inherited from a remote period to the present day. On the view of each

organic

organism

→with all its separate parts having been specially created, how utterly

in-explicable

inexplicable

it is

is it

that →organs bearing the plain stamp of inutility, such as the teeth in the embryonic calf or

....

the shrivelled wings under the soldered wing-covers of

some

many

beetles, should

thus

....

so frequently →occur. Nature may be said to have taken pains to

reveal,

reveal

→OMIT her scheme of modification,